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Advancing COVID-19 Detection in 3D CT Scans

Advancing COVID-19 Detection in 3D CT Scans

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Qingqiu Li Runtian Yuan Junlin Hou Jilan Xu Yuejie Zhang Rui Feng Hao Chen School of Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University China School of Computer Science Fudan University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

To make a more accurate diagnosis of COVID-19, we propose a straightforward yet effective model. Firstly, we analyze the characteristics of 3D CT scans and remove the non-lung parts, facilitating the model to focus on lesion-related areas and reducing computational cost. We use ResNeSt-50 as the strong feature extractor, exploring various pre-trained weights and fine-tuning methods. After a thorough comparison, we initialize our model with CMC v1 pre-trained weights which incorporate COVID-19-specific prior knowledge, and perform Visual Prompt Tuning to reduce the number of training parameters. The superiority of our model is demonstrated through extensive experiments, showing significant improvements in COVID-19 detection performance compared to the baseline model. Among 12 participating teams, our method ranked 4th in the 4th COVID-19 Competition Challenge I with an average Macro F1 Score of 94.24%.

关键词： COVID-19 Training Solid modeling Visualization Three-dimensional displays Computational modeling Computed tomography

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CAGE: Circumplex Affect Guided Expression Inference

CAGE: Circumplex Affect Guided Expression Inference

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Niklas Wagner Felix Mätzler Samed R. Vossberg Helen Schneider Svetlana Pavlitska J. Marius Zöllner Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Germany FZI Research Center for Information Technology Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Understanding emotions and expressions is a task of interest across multiple disciplines, especially for improving user experiences. Contrary to the common perception, it has been shown that emotions are not discrete entities but instead exist along a continuum. People understand discrete emotions differently due to a variety of factors, including cultural background, individual experiences, and cognitive biases. Therefore, most approaches to expression understanding, particularly those relying on discrete categories, are inherently biased. In this paper, we present a comparative in-depth analysis of two common datasets (AffectNet and EMOTIC) equipped with the components of the circumplex model of affect. Further, we propose a model for the prediction of facial expressions tailored for lightweight applications. Using a small-scaled MaxViT-based model architecture, we evaluate the impact of discrete expression category labels in training with the continuous valence and arousal labels. We show that considering valence and arousal in addition to discrete category labels helps to significantly improve expression inference. The proposed model outperforms the current state-of-the-art models on AffectNet, establishing it as the best-performing model for inferring valence and arousal achieving a 7% lower RMSE. Training scripts and trained weights to reproduce our results can be found here: https://***/wagner-niklas/CAGE_expression_inference.

关键词： Training computer vision Analytical models Computational modeling conferences computer architecture Predictive models

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i-MAE: Are Latent Representations in Masked Autoencoders Linearly Separable?

i-MAE: Are Latent Representations in Masked Autoencoders Lin...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Kevin Zhang Zhiqiang Shen Peking University KNQ.AI Mohamed bin Zayed University of AI

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Masked image modeling (MIM) has been recognized as a strong self-supervised pre-training approach in the vision domain. However, the mechanism and properties of the learned representations by such a scheme, as well as how to further enhance the representations are so far not well-explored. In this paper, we aim to explore an interactive Masked Autoencoders (i-MAE) framework to enhance the representation capability from two aspects: (1) employing a two-way image reconstruction and a latent feature reconstruction with distillation loss to learn better features; (2) proposing a semantics-enhanced sampling strategy to boost the learned semantics in MAE. Upon the proposed i-MAE architecture, we can address two critical questions to explore the behaviors of the learned representations in MAE: (1) Whether the separability of latent representations in Masked Autoencoders is helpful for model performance? We study it by forcing the input as a mixture of two images instead of one. (2) Whether we can enhance the representations in the latent feature space by controlling the degree of semantics during sampling on Masked Autoencoders? To this end, we propose a sampling strategy within a mini-batch based on the semantics of training samples to examine this aspect. Extensive experiments are conducted on CIFAR-10/100, Tiny-ImageNet and ImageNet-1K datasets to verify the observations we discovered. Furthermore, in addition to qualitatively analyzing the characteristics of the latent representations, we examine the existence of linear separability and the degree of semantics in the latent space by proposing two evaluation schemes. The surprising and consistent results across the qualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that i-MAE is a superior framework design for understanding MAE frameworks, as well as achieving better representational ability.

关键词： Training Measurement computer vision Image recognition conferences Semantics Aerospace electronics

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Low-Rank Adaptation vs. Fine-Tuning for Handwritten Text recognition

Low-Rank Adaptation vs. Fine-Tuning for Handwritten Text Rec...

引用

2025 ieee/CVF Winter conference on Applications of computer vision workshops, WACVW 2025

作者： Huttner, Lukas Mayr, Martin Gorges, Thomas Wu, Fei Seuret, Mathias Maier, Andreas Christlein, Vincent Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Pattern Recognition Lab Erlangen91058 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331536626

The continuous expansion of neural network sizes is a notable trend in machine learning, with transformer models exceeding 20 billion parameters in computer vision. This growth comes with rising demands for computational resources and large-scale datasets. Efficient techniques for transfer learning thus become an attractive option in setups with limited data, as in handwriting recognition. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and weight-decomposed low-rank adaptation (DoRA), have gained wide-spread interest. In this paper, we explore tradeoffs in parameter-efficient transfer learning using the synthetically pretrained Transformer-Based Optical Character recognition (TrOCR) model for handwritten text recognition with LoRA and DoRA. Additionally, we analyze the performance of full fine-tuning with a limited number of samples, scaling from a few-shot learning scenario up to using the whole dataset. We conduct experiments on the popular IAM Handwriting database as well as the historical READ 2016 dataset. We find that (a) LoRA/DoRA does not outperform full fine-tuning as opposed to a recent paper and (b) LoRA/DoRA is not substantially faster than full fine-tuning of TrOCR. © 2025 ieee.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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SAM-CLIP: Merging vision Foundation Models towards Semantic and Spatial Understanding

SAM-CLIP: Merging Vision Foundation Models towards Semantic ...

引用

ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Haoxiang Wang Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu Fartash Faghri Raviteja Vemulapalli Mehrdad Farajtabar Sachin Mehta Mohammad Rastegari Oncel Tuzel Hadi Pouransari University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Apple

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

The landscape of publicly available vision foundation models (VFMs), such as CLIP and Segment Anything Model (SAM), is expanding rapidly. VFMs are endowed with distinct capabilities stemming from their pre-training objectives. For instance, CLIP excels in semantic understanding, while SAM specializes in spatial understanding for segmentation. In this work, we introduce a simple recipe to efficiently merge VFMs into a unified model that absorbs their expertise. Our method integrates techniques of multitask learning, continual learning, and distillation. Further, it demands significantly less computational cost compared to traditional multi-task training from scratch, and it only needs a small fraction of the pre-training datasets that were initially used to train individual models. By applying our method to SAM and CLIP, we obtain SAM-CLIP : a unified model that combines the capabilities of SAM and CLIP into a single vision transformer. Compared with deploying SAM and CLIP independently, our merged model, SAM-CLIP, reduces storage and compute costs for inference, making it well-suited for edge device applications. We show that SAM-CLIP not only retains the foundational strengths of SAM and CLIP, but also introduces synergistic functionalities, notably in zero-shot semantic segmentation, where SAM-CLIP establishes new state-of-the-art results on 5 benchmarks. It outperforms previous models that are specifically designed for this task by a large margin, including +6.8% and +5.9% mean IoU improvement on Pascal-VOC and COCO-Stuff datasets, respectively.

关键词： Training computer vision Visualization Computational modeling Semantic segmentation Semantics Merging

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Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models across Distribution Shifts and Augmentations

Evaluating Multimodal Large Language Models across Distribut...

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Aayush Atul Verma Amir Saeidi Shamanthak Hegde Ajay Therala Fenil Denish Bardoliya Nagaraju Machavarapu Shri Ajay Kumar Ravindhiran Srija Malyala Agneet Chatterjee Yezhou Yang Chitta Baral Arizona State University

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Foundational models such as Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with their ability to interpret images and generate intricate responses has led to their widespread adoption across multiple computer vision and natural language processing tasks. However, they suffer from hallucinations and struggle to reason over complex reasoning tasks. In this work, we evaluate the performance of MLLMs across multiple multimodal augmentations and evaluate their performance in out-of-distribution settings. We benchmark 3 models, across 2 vision-language datasets, VQAv2 and CLEVR, and assess their performance across adversarial transformations in both the vision and language modalities. We introduce image perturbations using various augmentations, including noise addition, blurring, and median filtering and generate adversarial questions which contain conjunctions, disjunctions and negations. Additionally, we conduct a detailed fine-grained analysis to assess the model’s performance on particular question categories, such as those related to shape and color, across images featuring identical or varying objects. Our findings indicate a notable decrease in the performance of current MLLMs for synthetic images, with a gradual decline observed across both vision and language augmentations. Specifically, Gaussian Noise Addition emerges as the most detrimental augmentation, and we observe a significant drop in performance with complex questions containing multiple connectives. In these times of rapid development and deployment of MLLMs in real-world settings, we believe our findings are a first step towards benchmarking the robustness and out-of-distribution behavior of such models.

关键词： computer vision Analytical models Shape Large language models Computational modeling Perturbation methods Benchmark testing

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Scaling Graph Convolutions for Mobile vision

Scaling Graph Convolutions for Mobile Vision

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： William Avery Mustafa Munir Radu Marculescu The University of Texas at Austin

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

To compete with existing mobile architectures, Mobile-ViG introduces Sparse vision Graph Attention (SVGA), a fast token-mixing operator based on the principles of GNNs. However, MobileViG scales poorly with model size, falling at most 1% behind models with similar latency. This paper introduces Mobile Graph Convolution (MGC), a new vision graph neural network (ViG) module that solves this scaling problem. Our proposed mobile vision architecture, Mobile-ViGv2, uses MGC to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. MGC improves on SVGA by increasing graph sparsity and introducing conditional positional encodings to the graph operation. Our smallest model, MobileViGv2-Ti, achieves a 77.7% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet-1K, 2% higher than MobileViG-Ti, with 0.9 ms inference latency on the iPhone 13 Mini NPU. Our largest model, MobileViGv2-B, achieves an 83.4% top-1 accuracy, 0.8% higher than MobileViG-B, with 2.7 ms inference latency. Besides image classification, we show that MobileViGv2 generalizes well to other tasks. For object detection and instance segmentation on MS COCO 2017, MobileViGv2-M outperforms MobileViG-M by 1.2 AP box and 0.7 AP mask , and MobileViGv2-B outperforms MobileViG-B by 1.0 AP box and 0.7 AP mask . For semantic segmentation on ADE20K, MobileViGv2-M achieves 42.9% mIoU and MobileViGv2-B achieves 44.3% mIoU 1 .

关键词： Instance segmentation Accuracy Convolution Semantic segmentation Message passing computer architecture Object detection

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LaDiffGAN: Training GANs with Diffusion Supervision in Latent Spaces

LaDiffGAN: Training GANs with Diffusion Supervision in Laten...

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Xuhui Liu Bohan Zeng Sicheng Gao Shanglin Li Yutang Feng Hong Li Boyu Liu Jianzhuang Liu Baochang Zhang Beihang University Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Nanchang Institute of Technology Nanchang China

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Diffusion models have recently become increasingly popular in a number of computer vision tasks, but they fail to achieve satisfactory results for unsupervised image-to-image translation, since they require massive training data and rely heavily on extra guidance. In this scenario, GANs can alleviate these issues existing in diffusion models, albeit with suboptimal quality. In this paper, we leverage the advantages of both GANs and diffusion models by training GANs with diffusion supervision in latent spaces (LaDiffGAN) to solve the unsupervised image-to-image translation task. Firstly, to promote style transfer quality, we encode the data in specific latent spaces with styles of the target and source domains. Secondly, we introduce the diffusion process with different amounts of Gaussian noise to enhance the modeling capability of GANs on the complex data distribution. We accordingly design a latent diffusion GAN loss to align the latent features between generated and training images. Lastly, we introduce a heterogeneous conditional denoising loss that incorporates image-level supervision to further improve the quality of generated results. Our LaDiffGAN significantly alleviates the drawbacks associated with diffusion models, such as data leakage, high inference cost, and high dependence on large training data sets. Extensive experiments show that LaDiffGAN outperforms previous GAN models and delivers comparable or even better performance than diffusion models.

关键词： Training computer vision Image synthesis Gaussian noise Noise reduction Training data Diffusion processes

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MobileViG: Graph-Based Sparse Attention for Mobile vision Applications

MobileViG: Graph-Based Sparse Attention for Mobile Vision Ap...

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Mustafa Munir William Avery Radu Marculescu The University of Texas at Austin

Traditionally, convolutional neural networks (CNN) and vision transformers (ViT) have dominated computer vision. However, recently proposed vision graph neural networks (ViG) provide a new avenue for exploration. Unfortunately, for mobile applications, ViGs are computationally expensive due to the overhead of representing images as graph structures. In this work, we propose a new graph-based sparse attention mechanism, Sparse vision Graph Attention (SVGA), that is designed for ViGs running on mobile devices. Additionally, we propose the first hybrid CNN-GNN architecture for vision tasks on mobile devices, MobileViG, which uses SVGA. Extensive experiments show that MobileViG beats existing ViG models and existing mobile CNN and ViT architectures in terms of accuracy and/or speed on image classification, object detection, and instance segmentation tasks. Our fastest model, MobileViG-Ti, achieves 75.7% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet-1K with 0.78 ms inference latency on iPhone 13 Mini NPU (compiled with CoreML), which is faster than MobileNetV2x1.4 (1.02 ms, 74.7% top-1) and MobileNetV2x1.0 (0.81 ms, 71.8% top-1). Our largest model, MobileViG-B obtains 82.6% top-1 accuracy with only 2.30 ms latency, which is faster and more accurate than the similarly sized EfficientFormer-L3 model (2.77 ms, 82.4%). Our work proves that well designed hybrid CNN-GNN architectures can be a new avenue of exploration for designing models that are extremely fast and accurate on mobile devices. Our code is publicly available at https://***/SLDGroup/MobileViG.

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Learning to Classify New Foods Incrementally Via Compressed Exemplars

Learning to Classify New Foods Incrementally Via Compressed ...

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ieee computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Justin Yang Zhihao Duan Jiangpeng He Fengqing Zhu Elmore School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350365474

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365481

Food image classification systems play a crucial role in health monitoring and diet tracking through image-based dietary assessment techniques. However, existing food recognition systems rely on static datasets characterized by a pre-defined fixed number of food classes. This contrasts drastically with the reality of food consumption, which features constantly changing data. Therefore, food image classification systems should adapt to and manage data that continuously evolves. This is where continual learning plays an important role. A challenge in continual learning is catastrophic forgetting, where ML models tend to discard old knowledge upon learning new information. While memory-replay algorithms have shown promise in mitigating this problem by storing old data as exemplars, they are hampered by the limited capacity of memory buffers, leading to an imbalance between new and previously learned data. To address this, our work explores the use of neural image compression to extend buffer size and enhance data diversity. We introduced the concept of continuously learning a neural compression model to adaptively improve the quality of compressed data and optimize the bitrates per pixel (bpp) to store more exemplars. Our extensive experiments, including evaluations on food-specific datasets including Food-101 and VFN-74, as well as the general dataset ImageNet-100, demonstrate improvements in classification accuracy. This progress is pivotal in advancing more realistic food recognition systems that are capable of adapting to continually evolving data. Moreover, the principles and methodologies we’ve developed hold promise for broader applications, extending their benefits to other domains of continual machine learning systems.

关键词： Continuing education Adaptation models computer vision Image coding conferences Machine learning Data models

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