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19th ifac symposium on System Identification (SYSID)

作者： Winqvist, Rebecka Venkitaraman, Arun Wahlberg, Bo KTH Royal Inst Technol EECS Div Decis & Control Syst Stockholm Sweden

This paper investigates the problem of controller identification given the data from a linear quadratic Model Predictive controller (MPC) with constraints. We propose an approach for learning MPC that explicitly uses the gradient information in the training process. This is motivated by the observation that recent differentiable convex optimization MPC solvers can provide both the optimal feedback law from the state to control input as well as the corresponding gradient. As a proof of concept, we apply this approach to explicit MPC (eMPC), for which the feedback law is a piece-wise affine function of the state, but the number of pieces grows rapidly with the state dimension. controller identification can here be used to find an approximate low complexity functional approximation of the controller. The eMPC is modelled using a Neural Network (NN) with Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs), since such NNs can represent any piece-wise affine function. A key motivation is to replace on-line solvers with neural networks to implement MPC and to simplify the evaluation of the function in larger input dimensions. We also study experimental design and model evaluation in this framework, and propose a hit-and-run sampling algorithm for input design. The proposed algorithms are illustrated and numerically evaluated on a second order MPC problem. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Identification for control data-driven control neural networks relevant to control and identification input and excitation design model predictive control modeling for control optimization

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The separation of insulin pump hardware and software - a novel and low-cost approach to insulin pump design 11th

The separation of insulin pump hardware and software - a nov...

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11th ifac symposium on Biological and Medical systems (BMS)

作者： Payne, Matthew Pooke, Francis Chase, J. Geoffrey Campbell, Jake Holder-Pearson, Lui Knopp, Jennifer Univ Canterbury Dept Mech Engn Christchurch New Zealand

Insulin pumps are the most consistent and accurate means of regulating blood glucose levels in Types 1 and 2 diabetes. However, the technology is underutilised due to very high costs. A typical insulin pump costs US$6500, which makes this gold standard of care inaccessible to many, reducing equity of access to care. Since insulin pumps were first introduced, the simple hardware has not changed significantly. Pump manufacturers couple the low-cost and simple hardware with their own software, removing consumer choice and locking value into the product. Using both a traditional motor-driven and novel spring-loaded approach, insulin pump hardware can be replicated for US$100. Initial testing of the traditional motor-driven prototype proves the low-cost approach has comparable accuracy to commercially available pumps, with 85.1% of basal doses delivered within 5% of target. The results obtained indicate pump hardware and software can be separated with no significant loss in accuracy. If a separate market for pump software is established, costs can be driven down through market pressure given the increasing access to relatively extensive mobile and cloud computing. If open-source software is made accessible, a complete pump could be offered for US$100. A 98.5% cost reduction would drastically improve pump accessibility, particularly in developing nations, and could lead to a global improvement in diabetes treatment, outcomes and costs. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Diabetes Healthcare management Disease control Critical care Low cost technologies Mechatronic systems Open-source Design methodologies

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Semi-automatic simulation modelling. Results with Tecnomatix Portfolio in the automotive sector 17th

Semi-automatic simulation modelling. Results with Tecnomatix...

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17th ifac symposium on Information control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM)

作者： Cortes, Daniel Ramirez, Jose Villagomez, Luis E. Batres, Rafael Velilla, Ailin Gonzalez, Emilio Puente, Jaime Esparza, German Cruz, Nancy Molina, Arturo Tecnol Monterrey Sch Engn & Sci Mexico City DF Mexico BOCAR Grp Mexico City DF Mexico Siemens Ind Software Inc Mexico City DF Mexico

Nowadays, the influence of the Industry 4.0 concept has increased the use of technologies that allow systems to be connected and make decisions in a more efficient way to increase productivity and reduce expenses. Among Industry 4.0 portfolio, simulation allows the creation of scenarios to observe, analyze and forecast data without investing in physical equipment. Manufacturing flexibility demands continues changes that must be mirrored in simulation models forcing companies to invest resources in remodelling previous works;this is expensive and time-consuming. To address the continued development of manual simulations, a model is proposed to create fast, adaptable and instantiable semi-automated simulations. In this paper, there is presented the structure found while developing simulation models and, a proprietary solution to address shorter simulation cycles derived from the interaction within the industry. There are also achieved successful results for delving in the case study in the automotive sector. The main result when applying the model is pointed out in the time saved to semi-automate functional and reusable simulation models. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Industry 4.0 Discrete event simulation Resilient systems Decision systems Model-driven systems engineering Simulation cycle Plant Simulation Collaborative Network

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BCI System using a Novel Processing Technique Based on Electrodes Selection for Hand Prosthesis control 11th

BCI System using a Novel Processing Technique Based on Elect...

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11th ifac symposium on Biological and Medical systems (BMS)

作者： Constantine, Alisson Asanza, Victor Loayza, Francis R. Pelaez, Enrique Peluffo-Ordonez, Diego Escuela Super Politecn Litoral ESPOL Fac Ingn Elect & Comp Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30-5 Via PerimetralPOB Guayaquil Ecuador Escuela Super Politecn Litoral Neuroimaging & Bioengn Lab LNB Fac Ingn Mecan & Ciencias ProdESPOL Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30-5 Via PerimetralPOB Guayaquil Ecuador Smart Data Anal Syst Grp SDAS Res Grp Wwwsdas Grp Ben Guerir 47963 Morocco Mohammed VI Polytech Univ Modeling Simulat & Data Anal MSDA Res Program Ben Guerir 47963 Morocco Corp Univ Autonoma Narino Fac Engn Carrera 28 19-24 Pasto 520001 Colombia

This work proposes an end-to-end model architecture, from feature extraction to classification using an Artificial Neural Network. The feature extraction process starts from an initial set of signals acquired by electrodes of a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). The proposed architecture includes the design and implementation of a functional six Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) prosthetic hand. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) translates electroencephalography (EEG) signals into movements in the prosthesis. We also propose a new technique for selecting and grouping electrodes, which is related to the motor intentions of the subject. We analyzed and predicted two imaginary motor-intention tasks: opening and closing both fists and flexing and extending both feet. The model implemented with the proposed architecture showed an accuracy of 93.7% and a classification time of 8.8 mu s for the FPGA. These results present the feasibility to carry out BCI using machine learning techniques implemented in a FPGA card. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Bio-signals analysis Neural Networks Brain Computer Interface Embedded systems FPGA

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Global Sensitivity Analysis for a perfusion bioreactor system in tissue engineering 11th

Global Sensitivity Analysis for a perfusion bioreactor syste...

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11th ifac symposium on Biological and Medical systems (BMS)

作者： Nascu, Ioana Chen, Tao Du, Wenli East China Univ Sci & Technol Minist Educ Key Lab Adv Control & Optimizat Chem Proc Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Shanghai Inst Intelligent Sci & Technol Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China Univ Surrey Dept Chem & Proc Engn Guildford GU2 7XH Surrey England

This work presents a global sensitivity analysis and simulations of a perfusion bioreactor process using the method of high-dimensional model representation (HDMR). This method was developed to express the input-output relationships of a complex model with a high dimensional input space. The comprehensive mathematical model of convection and diffusion in a perfusion bioreactor, combined with cell growth kinetics, is developed and implemented using Computational Fluid Dynamics (with the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics v5.5). The model describes the spatio-temporal evolution of glucose concentration, oxygen concentration, lactate concentration and cell density within a 3D polymeric scaffold. A quantitative analysis of the complex kinetic mechanisms using recent development of advanced mathematical approaches to global sensitivity and uncertainty analysis through HDMR can be exploited to investigate the important features of the perfusion bioreactor process as well as possible factors underlying qualitative discrepancies. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： tissue engineering perfusion bioreactor CFD modeling high-dimensional model representation global sensitivity analysis

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B-spline modelling of inspiratory drive in NAVA-ventilated patients 11th

B-spline modelling of inspiratory drive in NAVA-ventilated p...

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11th ifac symposium on Biological and Medical systems (BMS)

作者： Knopp, Jennifer L. Guy, Ella Kim, Kyeong Tae Shaw, Geoffrey M. Chase, J. Geoffrey Univ Canterbury Dept Mech Engn Christchurch New Zealand Christchurch Hosp Dept Intens Care Christchurch New Zealand

Model-based approaches are often used to estimate mechanical properties of lungs, such as elastance (E) and airway resistance (R), during invasive and non-invasive mechanical ventilation (MV). Current models are less effective when spontaneous breathing is present. This analysis utilises b-spline functions within a single compartment model framework to identify patient-specific inspiratory driving pressure. A series of 2nd-order, constrained b-spline basis functions are used to identify inspiratory driving pressure breath to breath alongside single E and R using inspiration and expiration data from n=20 breaths for 10 patients ventilated using NAVA. Median [IQR] per patient RMS error for n = 20 breaths was 0.75 [0.6 - 0.9] cmH(2)O, with elastance ranging from 2.1 - 29.8 cmH 2 0/L, and per-patient median peak driving pressure ranging from -1.9 to -7.9 cmH 2 O. Inspiratory driving pressure profiles matched esophageal pressures from literature and its value at peak nervous signal to the diaphragm (Eadi) was correlated with peak Eadi (R-2 =0.25-0.86). Average trans-pulmonary pressure remained consistent between breaths for each patient, despite differences in peak Eadi and peak airway pressure. Overall, the model-based approach resulted in physiologically reasonable inspiratory driving pressures, with trends with electrical activity and matched literature data showing neuro-muscular decoupling as a function of pressure and/or volume. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Mechanical Ventilation Spontaneous Breathing NAVA Single compartment model B-spline

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Direct Estimation of Linear Filters for EEG Source-Localization in a Competing-Talker Scenario

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ifac-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 6510-6517页

作者： Johanna Wilroth Joshua P. Kulasingham Martin A. Skoglund Emina Alickovic Division of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden Eriksholm Research Centre Oticon A/S Rørtangvej 20 DK-3070 Snekkersten Denmark

Hearing-impaired listeners have a reduced ability to selectively attend to sounds of interest amid distracting sounds in everyday environments. This ability is not fully regained with modern hearing technology. A better understanding of the brain mechanisms underlying selective attention during speech processing may lead to brain-controlled hearing aids with improved detection and amplification of the attended speech. Prior work has shown that brain responses to speech, measured with magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG), are modulated by selective attention. These responses can be predicted from the speech signal through linear filters called Temporal Response Functions (TRFs). Unfortunately, these sensor-level predictions are often noisy and do not provide much insight into specific brain source locations. Therefore, a novel method called Neuro-Current Response Functions (NCRFs) was recently introduced to directly estimate linear filters at the brain source level from MEG responses to speech from one talker. However, MEG is not well-suited for wearable and realtime hearing technologies. This work aims to adapt the NCRF method for EEG under more realistic listening environments. EEG data was recorded from a hearing-impaired listener while attending to one of two competing talkers embedded in 16-talker babble noise. Preliminary results indicate that source-localized linear filters can be directly estimated from EEG data in such competing-talker scenarios. Future work will focus on evaluating the current method on a larger dataset and on developing novel methods, which may aid in the improvement of next-generation brain-controlled hearing technology.

关键词： Bio-signals analysis and interpretation Brain-machine interaction Time series modelling Linear systems Time-delay systems biomedical and medical image processing and systems Cognitive systems engineering Modeling of human performance Physiological Model

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Estimating Production and Warranty Cost at the Early Stage of a New Product Development Project 17th

Estimating Production and Warranty Cost at the Early Stage o...

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17th ifac symposium on Information control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM)

作者： Relich, Marcin Nielsen, Izabela Univ Zielona Gora Fac Econ & Management Zielona Gora Poland Aalborg Univ Dept Mat & Prod Aalborg Denmark

The paper is concerned with estimating the cost of production and warranty in the context a new product development project. All possible variants of the trade-off between costs are sought within the company's resources and requirements for a product development project. A company and its projects can be specified in terms of variables and constraints that constitute the systems approach for a problem related to cost optimization This problem is described in the form of a constraint satisfaction problem and implemented with the use of parametric modelling and constraint programming techniques. The paper also presents a method for estimating the cost of prototyping, faulty products in manufacturing and the after-sales stage, and simulating variants that ensure the desirable level of costs. An example shows the applicability of the proposed approach in the context of a product development project. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： business analytics computational intelligence for business data-driven decision making decision support and control project management

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modelling of the Convection-Diffusion Equation through Fractional Restricted Calculus of Variations 24

Modelling of the Convection-Diffusion Equation through Fract...

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24th International symposium on Mathematical Theory of Networks and systems (MTNS)

作者： Cresson, Jacky Jimenez, Fernando Ober-Blobaum, Sina Univ Pau & Pays Adour Lab Math & Leurs Applicat CNRS 5142 Pau France Univ Politecn Madrid Dept Matemat Aplicada Ingn Ind Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain Univ Paderborn Dept Math Warburger Str 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany

We deliver a restricted variational principle that provides, after the application of the Hamilton's principle, a particular set of alpha-fractional PDEs sufficient condition for the extremals when it is applied over a given action. This action is defined as the integral of a particular Lagrangian function containing the fractional derivatives (both for space and time variables) of the involved scalar fields as part of the state space. We see that the convection-difussion equation is a particular instance of these alpha-fractional PDEs, say when alpha = 1/2. Furthermore, we briefly explore some paths towards discretisation of the restricted variational principle and the fractional PDEs. It is to be expected that the obtained discrete version of the equations, coming from a variational principle, would inherit some of the geometric/preservation properties of their continuous counterparts. This is left as subject of future study. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Convection-diffusion equation Fractional derivatives PDEs Hamilton's principle Restricted variational principle Discretisation Variational integrators

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Lung Tumor Growth Modeling in Patients with NSCLC Undergoing Radiotherapy 11th

Lung Tumor Growth Modeling in Patients with NSCLC Undergoing...

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11th ifac symposium on Biological and Medical systems (BMS)

作者： Ghita, Maria Chandrashekar, Vasudha Copot, Dana Billiet, Charlotte Verellen, Dirk Ionescu, Clara M. Univ Ghent Res Grp Dynam Syst & Control B-9052 Ghent Belgium Flanders Make Consortium EEDT Core Lab Decis & Control B-9052 Ghent Belgium Canc Res Inst Ghent B-9052 Ghent Belgium Iridium Canc Network GZA Hosp Sint Augustinus Dept Radiat Oncol B-2610 Antwerp Belgium Antwerp Univ Dept Radiotherapy Fac Med & Hlth Sci B-2610 Antwerp Belgium Tech Univ Cluj Napoca Dept Automat Control Cluj Napoca 400114 Romania

This paper proposes two modeling approaches to predict lung tumor dynamics as an effect of radiotherapy. Real clinical information of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) as the primary treatment method has been used for numerical simulations. The classical Gompertz model for tumor volume growth prediction was modified using a fractional parameter and combined with the linear-quadratic model to foresee the effect of SBRT on the targeted tumor. Another approach was implemented by following a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PKPD) minimal compartmental model for single therapy with SBRT. Statistical analysis has been carried out to compare the two models. In terms of tumor growth prediction, obtained results indicated a decrease in the total tumor volume for both modeling approaches. A striking observation to emerge from the data comparison is the interesting perspective of fractional tools for further exploration in modeling tumor growth. Copyright (C) 2021 The Authors.

关键词： Mathematical modeling lung cancer stereotactic body radiation therapy tumor dynamics fractional calculus

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