This paper presents an Automatic Vehicle Classification System based upon Laser Intensity Images obtained from range sensors (called AVCSLII). Current systems that utilize loop detectors, video cameras, and range sens...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769523153
This paper presents an Automatic Vehicle Classification System based upon Laser Intensity Images obtained from range sensors (called AVCSLII). Current systems that utilize loop detectors, video cameras, and range sensors have deficiencies. The loop detectors have high failure rates due to pavement failures and poor maintenance. Video based systems and range sensors do not perform well in deteriorated atmospheric conditions (such as rain and,fog). The developed generations of image based range, sensors offer the promise of sensors that are less sensitive to deteriorated environmental conditions. AVCSLII system extracts features of laser intensity images, produced by laser sensory units. These features are used to train a Neural Network (NN). The AVCSLII system recalls its trained NN for classification of vehicles. This technique outperforms loop detectors, video cameras, and range data techniques in deteriorated environmental conditions.
A new technique for optimally encoding a given source, statistical properties of which are described by the first-order model is introduced. The calculation of a minimum length of codewords is based on the consecutive...
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ISBN:
(纸本)076951507X
A new technique for optimally encoding a given source, statistical properties of which are described by the first-order model is introduced. The calculation of a minimum length of codewords is based on the consecutive redistribution of the self-information of symbols in accordance with their probabilities at each stage of the encoding. The proposed method performs equally well for an arbitrary order of symbol probabilities. While cod words are generated by a separate combinatorial procedure, the overall computational cost of the proposed method is lower than that for the Huffman code.
In this paper, we report on a series of experiments involving feedback and query, expansion. We conclude that query expansion using manually assigned keywords has no advantage over expansion using terms from the text ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)076951507X
In this paper, we report on a series of experiments involving feedback and query, expansion. We conclude that query expansion using manually assigned keywords has no advantage over expansion using terms from the text of the document.
Latent semantic indexing is a linear data reduction technique used in informational retrieval applications. The method of principal components is a popular linear data reduction technique that has been used in many ap...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769521088
Latent semantic indexing is a linear data reduction technique used in informational retrieval applications. The method of principal components is a popular linear data reduction technique that has been used in many applications. In this paper how the principal components method is used in information retrieval is presented, and how the latent semantic indexing is related to the principal component method is shown. Two experiments of monolingual and multilingual searches are described to show the feasibility of the method of principal components in information retrieval.
Personalization in education is supposed to be the answer to enhanced learning. Adaptive hypermedia (AH) is a means to this end. However, authoring of AH is still complicated This paper presents a system that tries to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769521088
Personalization in education is supposed to be the answer to enhanced learning. Adaptive hypermedia (AH) is a means to this end. However, authoring of AH is still complicated This paper presents a system that tries to tackle this problem, by allowing leveled authoring of the adaptive behavior of AH, for beginner authors as well as advanced authors. This approach allows authors to implement their own conceptions about instructional strategies, aimed at, e.g., specific learning styles.
Software Architecture (SA) provides a formal basis to describe and analyze a software system as a collection of components and their interactions (connectors). However, the current understanding and specification for ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769523153
Software Architecture (SA) provides a formal basis to describe and analyze a software system as a collection of components and their interactions (connectors). However, the current understanding and specification for a connector are still insufficient. Furthermore, there still exists a gap between architecture design and component-based implementation. This paper attempts to tackle these problems by providing an Architecture Description Language (ADL), xSADL. In the specification of a connector xSADL can help designers to deal with two kinds of architectural mismatches: behavior mismatch and message mismatch. xSADL is also supported by a GUI-based CASE tool. To help transform the architecture design by xSADL to a component-based software implementation, a component framework, 3CoFramework, is also introduced. xSADL and 3CoFramework complement each other and construct an architecture-based component development environment.
The principal goal of near video-on-demand system is to minimize the average user waiting time. The user waiting time of popular videos can be reduced significantly by using broadcasting schemes such as fast broadcast...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769523153
The principal goal of near video-on-demand system is to minimize the average user waiting time. The user waiting time of popular videos can be reduced significantly by using broadcasting schemes such as fast broadcasting. Instead of allocating channels uniformly to all the videos, channels are nonuniformly distributed according to the relative popularity of the videos to minimize the average user waiting time. Since the demand for videos changes from time to time, the number of channels allocated to a video needs to be changed dynamically. The channel transition should be seamless so that the users currently watching the video do not experience any disruption due to this transition. Existing seamless channel transition scheme pads a dummy video stream at the end of the original video stream to produce exact correspondence between segments, but this approach causes some wastage of bandwidth. This paper proposes an improved seamless channel transition scheme which minimizes the wastage of bandwidth by preloading a postfix of the original video stream in the client buffer.
Some of the algorithms developed within the artificial neural-networks tradition can be easily adopted to wireless sensor network platforms and will meet the requirements for sensor networks like: simple parallel dist...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769523153
Some of the algorithms developed within the artificial neural-networks tradition can be easily adopted to wireless sensor network platforms and will meet the requirements for sensor networks like: simple parallel distributed computation, distributed storage and data robustness. As a result of the dimensionality reduction obtained simply from the outputs of the neural-networks clustering, algorithms, lower communication costs and energy savings can also be obtained In this paper we will present two possible implementations of the ART and FuzzyART neural networks algorithms, which are unsupervised learning methods for categorization of the sensory inputs. They are tested on a data obtained from a set of several motes, equipped with several sensors each. Results from simulations of purposefully faulty sensors show the data robustness of these architectures. The proposed neural-networks classifiers have distributed short and long-term memory of the sensory inputs and can function as security alert when unusual sensor inputs are detected.
A speech content integrity verification scheme integrated with ITU G 723.1 speech coding to minimize the total computational cost is proposed in this research. Speech features relevant to the semantic meaning are extr...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510620
A speech content integrity verification scheme integrated with ITU G 723.1 speech coding to minimize the total computational cost is proposed in this research. Speech features relevant to the semantic meaning are extracted, encrypted and attached as the header information. This scheme is not only much faster than cryptographic bitstream integrity algorithms, but also more compatible with a variety of applications. The speech signal could go through recompression, amplification, transcoding, re-sampling, D/A and A/D conversion and minor white noise pollution without triggering the verification alarm.
作者:
Han, TDUniv Nevada
Dept Management Informat Syst Las Vegas NV 89154 USA
Many have expected that the increased availability of price and product information over a wide range of vendors and low search costs on the Web would increase price competition, reduce price dispersion, and eventuall...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769523153
Many have expected that the increased availability of price and product information over a wide range of vendors and low search costs on the Web would increase price competition, reduce price dispersion, and eventually lower the level of product price. However, recent empirical studies have shown somewhat conflicting results. Price dispersion still exists in many online industries even for commodities like books and CDs. This research explores the reason behind consumer search behavior on the Web. The results of this study show that consumers in e-market do not search for either price or product information, even with low search costs, as much as we have anticipated. The results also indicate that the traditional consumer segmentation in the physical market may not always apply in the e-market. In terms of price and product information searches, brand loyalists showed higher search activity than other e-consumer groups unlike in physical market.
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