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video to information (v2I) system enabling old commercial cockpit instruments to participate in the advanced information retrieval and safety services

Video to information (V2I) system enabling old commercial co...

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Conference on Digital Avionics systems (DASC)

作者： R. Hamza W. Au M. Johnson T. Henderson Automation and Control Solutions AeroSpace Electronic Systems

Many nonmodernized aircraft lack the ability to capture, in a computer readable medium, information related to cockpit display instruments, such as airspeed indicators and barometric altimeters. Most of these old cockpit instruments consist of a mechanical or pneumatically operated analog device without an electronic interface. In this work, we present a new video to information (v2I) system to enable these old instruments to output digital readouts by using a camera system and embodiments of image processing algorithms to interpret video data streams. A camera system is trained across the instruments and captures image frames. An image processing system then extracts graphical symbols such as needle position, alphanumeric readout, bar position, color, and similar informative cues. The data are then interpreted and information is extracted, recorded and transmitted to a responsive system, which may then act upon the data as desired for data collection and analysis.

关键词： Instruments Information retrieval Safety Aerospace electronics Computer displays image processing Data mining Aircraft Digital cameras Streaming media

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Optimum camera placement by robot teams in unstructured field environments

Optimum camera placement by robot teams in unstructured fiel...

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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： v.A. Sujan Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

In field environments it is not usually possible to provide robotic systems with valid/complete geometric models of the task and environment. The robot or robot teams will need to create these models by performing appropriate sensor actions. Additionally, the robot(s) will need to position their sensors in a task directed optimum way. Here, an algorithm based on iterative sensor planning and sensor redundancy is proposed to enable them to efficiently position their cameras with respect to the task/target. The method assumes stationary robotic vehicles with cameras carried by articulated mounts. The algorithm uses the measured scene information to find new camera mount poses. Simulations and experiments show the effectiveness of this algorithm.

关键词： Robot vision systems Cameras Robot sensing systems Uncertainty Mobile robots Motion planning Buildings Iterative algorithms vehicles Orbital robotics

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An adaptive system of velocity estimation for digital images

An adaptive system of velocity estimation for digital images

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IEEE Digital Signal processing Workshop

作者： J.v. Condell B.W. Scotney P.J. Morrow Faculty of Informatics University of Ulster at Coleraine Ireland

The estimation of velocity has been proposed as a preprocessing step for many high-level vision algorithms for digital images. A new Galerkin inverse finite element approach is described for estimating velocity which uses an adaptive triangular mesh in which the resolution only increases where motion is found to occur. The mesh facilitates a reduction in computational effort by enabling processing to focus on particular objects of interest in a scene, specifically those areas where motion is detected without expending effort on computing flow for regions in which there is no motion. A confidence measure is calculated for the detected motion and if this measure passes a threshold then the motion is used for an adaptive mesh refinement process. The method is applied to real images where a significant part of the image is static. Results show that the adaptive framework estimates motion efficiently without loss of accuracy.

关键词： Adaptive systems Digital images Finite element methods Layout Motion estimation Motion detection Motion measurement image analysis image sequences Iterative algorithms

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Towards self-exploring discriminating features for visual learning

Towards self-exploring discriminating features for visual le...

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作者： Wu, Ying Huang, Thomas S. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 United States Beckman Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 405 N. Mathews Urbana IL 61801 United States

Many visual learning tasks are usually confronted by some common difficulties. One of them is the lack of supervised information, due to the fact that labeling could be tedious, expensive or even impossible. Another difficulty is the high dimensionality of the visual data. Fortunately, these difficulties could be alleviated by using a hybrid of labeled and unlabeled training data for learning. Since the unlabeled data characterize the joint probability across different features, they could be used to boost weak classifiers by exploring discriminating features in a self-supervised fashion. This paper proposes a novel method, the Discriminant-EM (D-EM) algorithm, which attacks these difficulties by integrating discriminant analysis with the EM framework in this hybrid formulation. Both linear and nonlinear methods are investigated in this paper. Based on kernel multiple discriminant analysis, the nonlinear D-EM provides better ability to simplify the probabilistic structures of data distributions in a discrimination space. We also propose a novel data-sampling scheme for efficient learning of kernel discriminants. Our experimental results show that D-EM outperforms a variety of supervised and semi-supervised learning algorithms for many visual learning tasks, such as content-based image retrieval, invariant object recognition, and nonstationary color tracking. The proposed approach could be easily applied for many other learning tasks. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning systems

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inAspect™: interfacing Java and vSIPL 02

inAspect™: interfacing Java and VSIPL

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Proceedings of the 2002 joint ACM-ISCOPE conference on Java Grande

作者： v. Shah A. Skjellum N. Younan T. Alford D. Whitcomb A. Watkins Mississippi State University MS MPI Software Technology Inc. Starkville MS

ISBN: (纸本)9781581135992

In this paper, we discuss the origin, design, performance, and directions of the inAspect high-performance signal and image processing package for Java. The vector Signal and image processing (vSIPL) community provides a standardized API (Application Programmer Interface) for high-performance signal and image processing plus linear algebra with a C emphasis and object-based design framework. Java programmers need high performance and/or portable APIs for this broad base of functionality as well. InAspect addresses PDA's, embedded Java boards, workstations, and servers, with emphasis on embedded systems at present. Efforts include supporting integer precisions and utilizing CORDIC algorithms, both aimed at added relevance for limited-performance environments, such as present-day PDAs.

关键词： signal processing fixed-point arithmetic high-performance multi-platform linear algebra embedded Java JNI vSIPL image processing

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HIPED: a tool for high-level power estimation of digital signal processing algorithms

HIPED: a tool for high-level power estimation of digital sig...

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IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and systems (ICECS)

作者： I. Ben Dhaou H. Tenhunen Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

This paper describes HIPED, a tool for fast power estimation of DSP algorithms given its data-flow graph representation. Each node of the DFG is characterized for low-power using LP-DSM. In order to estimate the power consumption of the DSP, HIPED computes the entropy of the data transferred between two computational nodes. The entropy, which measures the data-activity of the circuit, is subsequently used by the power macro-model to predict the power consumption of the sink node. The total power consumption is thus obtained by summing up the power consumption of each node of the DFG. HIPED is used to estimate the power consumption of a variety of DSP algorithms used in typical wireless receivers implemented in 0.35 /spl mu/m, 3.3 v CMOS process. The characterization process of arithmetic units implements both using SPL and CMOS circuit style showed that LP-DSM has lower prediction sum of error and lower error in cycle power than Gupta's algorithm. Furthermore, the simulation results using real data showed that HIPED has a very good accuracy compared to circuit level power reported by PowerMill. The observed average error of our benchmark circuits is less than 10%.

关键词： Digital signal processing Signal processing algorithms Circuits Energy consumption Iterative algorithms Libraries CMOS process Discrete wavelet transforms image coding Maximum likelihood decoding

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A tensor voting approach for the hierarchical segmentation of 3-D acoustic images

A tensor voting approach for the hierarchical segmentation o...

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International Symposium on 3D Data processing visualization and Transmission

作者： L. Tao v. Murino G. Medioni Dipartimento di Informatica University of Verona Verona Italy Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

We present a hierarchical and robust algorithm addressing the problem of filtering and segmentation of three-dimensional acoustic images. This algorithm is based on. the tensor voting approach - a unified computational framework for the inference of multiple salient structures. Unlike most previous approaches, no models or prior information of the underwater environment, nor the intensity information of acoustic images is considered in this algorithm. Salient structures and outlier noisy points are directly clustered in two steps according to both the density and the structural information of input data. Our experimental trials show promising results, very robust despite the low computational complexity.

关键词： Tensile stress voting image segmentation Inference algorithms Robustness Underwater acoustics Filtering algorithms Clustering algorithms Acoustic noise Working environment noise

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2-D vISUAL SERvOING WITH INTEGRATION OF MULTIPLE PREDICTIONS OF MOvEMENT BASED ON KALMAN FILTER

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IFAC Proceedings volumes 2002年第1期35卷 25-29页

作者： Jorge Pomares Baeza Fernando Torres Medina Pablo Gil vázquez Automatics Robotics and Computer Vision Group (http://www.disc.ua.es/gava) Physic Systems Engineering and Signal Theory Department University of Alicante Crtra. San Vicente s/n 03080 Alicante

In this paper, a visual servoing for the tracking of objects in a plane using a fixed camera system is shown. The method proposed of tracking makes use of a variable number of trackers determined automatically. The integration of the predictions of each of them affords a flexible and robust system of tracking. The studies of efficiency carried out reflect that the delays produced are suitable for use in visual servoing. The proposed system can be generalized to tracking three-dimensional objects with movable cameras.

关键词： Tracking visual motion Automatic control (closed-loop) Delay analysis Estimation algorithms image processing Prediction methods

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Experiment design-based regularization technique for scattering inverse problem solution in radar imaging

Experiment design-based regularization technique for scatter...

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Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium

作者： Yu. Shkvarko L. Leyva-Montiel CINVESTAV del IPN Unidad Guadalajara Guadalajara Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)0780373308

The crucial theoretical aspects in solving scattering inverse problems, as required for radar sensing and image formation, are related to the development of system-oriented statistical signal processing techniques, exploiting in some optimal way the available model-level and system-level "degrees of freedom". Control of these degrees of freedom is the hope for solving many existing algorithm design and system-level problems that cause the ill-posed nature of the radar image formation inverse problems. We address a new approach to radar imaging (RI) problems, stated and treated as ill-posed problems of restoring the extended object power scattering function by processing the data signals distorted in the stochastic measurement channel. By exploiting the idea of combining the experiment design and descriptive regularization theory methods (see Falkovich, S.E. et al., Radio i Sviaz, 1989; Harmanci, K. et al., IEEE Trans. Sig. Proc., vol.48, no.1, p.1-13, 2000; Kravchenko, v.F. et al., J. Commun. Technology and Electronics, vol.45, no.8, p.872-5, 2000) for the scattering inverse problems solution, we propose a fused experiment-design-regularization (EDR) technique for high-resolution radar image formation. With this technique, we derive a family of EDR imaging algorithms and illustrate their efficiency with simulation results.

关键词： Radar scattering Inverse problems Radar imaging Signal processing algorithms Radar signal processing Radar theory Control systems Algorithm design and analysis image restoration Power system restoration

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Area and time efficient implementations of matrix multiplication on FPGAs

Area and time efficient implementations of matrix multiplica...

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IEEE International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)

作者： Ju-wook Jang Seonil Choi v.K.K. Prasanna Electronic Engineering Sogang University Seoul South Korea Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

We develop new algorithms and architectures for matrix multiplication on configurable hardware. These designs significantly reduce the latency as well as the area. Our designs improve the previous designs in terms of the area/speed metric where the speed denotes the maximum achievable running frequency. The area/speed metrics for the previous designs and our design are 14.45, 4.93, and 2.35, respectively, for 4 /spl times/ 4 matrix multiplication. The latency of one of the previous design is 0.57 /spl mu/s, while our design takes 0.15 /spl mu/s using 18% less area. The area of our designs is smaller by 11% - 46% compared with the best known systolic designs with the same latency for the matrices of sizes 3 /spl times/ 3 - 12 /spl times/ 12. The performance improvements tend to grow with the problem size.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Delay Frequency Signal processing algorithms Signal processing Hardware Kernel Graphics Robots image processing

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