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International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation

作者： Q. Wang N. Zheng J. Liu J. Li Institute of Artificial Intelligence & Robotics Xi''an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

A stereo processing system for medical x-ray imaging, based on the principle of stereo imaging and display, is presented. The whole system consists of three subsystems: the x-ray control unit, the image acquisition and processing subsystem, and the stereo display subsystem. The parallel structure with two channels for x-ray image processing, the digital subtraction angiography technique, and the stereo depth determination technique with the interaction mode are described. The architecture of the system and the improved reconstructed stereographic x-ray image display system are introduced. The merits of the system and applications are discussed.< >

关键词： Radiography x-ray imaging Displays Biomedical imaging Optical imaging Medical control systems Control systems image processing Angiography image reconstruction

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image STORAGE, TRANSMISSION AND MANIPULATION

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MINIMALLY INVASIVE THERAPY & ALLIED TECHNOLOGIES 1991年第1期1卷 85-92页

作者： HUANG, HK Medical Imaging Division Department of Radiological Science University of California Los Angeles CA United States

Medical imaging is the study of human functions and anatomy through pictorial information. During the past 15 years all new medical imaging modalities introduced are digital-based systems. Firstly the concept of digital imaging, the meaning of spatial and density resolutions, and signal-to-noise ratio is reviewed. Based on these definitions, the current technology in image storage and transmission is discussed including the magnetic disk, the parallel transfer disk, the optical disk, Ethernet, the fibre distributed data interface (FDDI), and Ultranet. Among many image manipulation functions, two simple types which are commonly used in clinical applications are discussed, one for visualization enhancement and the other for quantification.

关键词： image STORAGE image TRANSMISSION image processing

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A high speed systolic architecture for labeling connected components in an image

A high speed systolic architecture for labeling connected co...

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International Symposium on parallel and Distributed processing (IPDPS)

作者： N. Ranganathan R. Mehrotra S. Subramaniam Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of South Florida Tampa FL USA Center for Robotics and manufacturing Systems Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA

Connected components detection and labeling is an essential step in many image analysis techniques. The efficiency of the connected components labeling algorithm is critical for many image processing and machine vision applications that require real time response. The advances in the areas of parallel processing and VLSI technology can be exploited in designing hardware algorithms of high speed and throughput. The authors propose a systolic algorithm and architecture for finding connected components in an image. The architecture is simple and can be implemented as a special purpose VLSI chip. Although, the algorithm has a time complexity of O(N/sup 2/), this is in terms of the actual clock cycle which is estimated as 25 nano seconds. The proposed hardware can process a 128*128 image on 0.85 msec and uses 128 processors where as the MPP requires 94.6 msec with 16384 processors. The only special purpose hardware that exists due to x.D. Yang (1988) requires 300 msec to label a 512*512 image which can be accomplished in about 13.5 msec using the authors' proposed hardware.< >

关键词： Labeling Hardware Very large scale integration image analysis image processing Machine vision parallel processing Algorithm design and analysis Throughput Clocks

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APPLYING VECTOR processing TO ACTIVE SONARS FOR INCREASED ACCURACY AND AN ExPANDED OPERATING ENVELOPE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 231-239页

作者： WHITNEY, DA BENEDICT, TJ David A. Whitneyis a division staff analyst in the Strategic Systems Division at TASC Reading Mass. He has B.S. and M.S. degrees in mathematics and statistics from Princeton University and the University of Illinois and has completed additional graduate work toward a Ph.D. at MIT. He has directed a number of algorithm development and data analysis activities in support of the U.S. Navy's Trident programs and has authored several technical papers. Mr. Whitney is currently involved in development and field testing of passive sonar signal processing algorithms and directs a R&D activity in the area of parallel processing applications for ASW. Lt Terry J. Benedict USNis an engineering duty officer in the U.S. Navy and is currently assigned as the assistant section head for missile engineering at Strategic Systems Programs Washington D.C. He has a B.S. degree in management from the U.S. Naval Academy and M.S. degree in weapons systems engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He formerly served as the system software development officer for the Navigation Branch at Strategic Systems Programs and shared responsibilities for the design development testing and configuration control of the Navigation Subsystem software.

Advanced computing technology development now allows considerable computational power to be packaged in small, modular components for low costs. In particular, vector and array processor add-on boards offer a way to incorporate modern parallel capabilities into existing hardware systems. In addition to cost efficiency, the fact that these boards may be able to plug-in to existing computer systems provides both design flexibility and a more rapid way of upgrading deployed computer hardware. To take advantage of such processing capabilities, however, algorithm analysis must be performed to determine what functions can be efficiently off-loaded to the vector processing board, and to decide what parts of the original serial algorithm should be redesigned to take advantage of the new hardware architecture. This paper presents a case study of how these issues are being addressed in a real-time active sonar data processing system. Vector processing technologies are being analyzed for application to correlation sonar systems used for estimating ship velocity on submarines, surface ships, and autonomous underwater vehicles. Such a system is deployed on Trident ii SSBNs and is meeting its current design objectives. However, real-time operation of the correlation sonar is computationally intensive and fully utilizes the processing power of the fielded computing hardware. Expansions in the accuracy and operating envelope of the system are desirable and are not limited by the physics or practical operation of the sonar system, but rather by the speed at which processing of hydrophone returns can be performed. This analytic feasibility study investigates the possibility of expanding the operating envelope through the use of vector processing technology, within the constraint that any hardware or software changes would have minimal impact on the deployed system. It is predicted that significant speedups and operating envelope expansions can be achieved by introducing vectorized ha

关键词： Sonar

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algorithms AND ARCHITECTURES FOR A CLASS OF NONLINEAR HYBRID FILTERS

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COMPUTER VISION GRAPHICS AND image processing 1990年第1期50卷 101-111页

作者： FONG, A Department of Computing and Information Science University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada N1G 2W1

Non-linear filters based on ranked order statistics form an important class of filters for image enhancement. They can smooth noisy images while retaining edge structures. Recently, a new class of non-linear filters called FIR-median hybrid (FMH) filters were proposed. They are more computationally efficient than the conventional median filter as the size of the window increases, since the number of ordering operations is independent of the size of window. Also, they can preserve fine details such as lines. In real time applications such as industrial inspection, techniques for fast computation of image processing filters, especially using parallel architectures, are of great interest. Recently there have been several inspection systems using pipeline architectures and various new algorithms have been proposed. In this paper, we describe algorithms for computing various classes of FMH filters using a pipeline image processing system equipped with hardware comparators, which are available on most commercial pipeline machines. These include the unidirectional, the bidirectional, and the multilevel FMH filters. The correctness of the algorithms is proven. The time and space complexities of the algorithms are analyzed.

关键词： image processing

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VIDEOGRAPHIC TOMOGRAPHY .1. RECONSTRUCTION WITH parallel-BEAM PROJECTION DATA

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL imaging 1990年第4期9卷 366-375页

作者： GMITRO, AF TRESP, V GINDI, GR YALE UNIV DEPT DIAGNOST RADIOLNEW HAVENCT 06510

This paper describes and demonstrates an approach to video-rate tomographic image reconstruction, implementing the standard filtered backprojection algorithm. Several methods of filtering are reported along with an optical system for backprojection. This part I paper focuses on reconstruction of data acquired in a parallel-beam geometry;a part ii paper describes methods of implementing the reconstruction when data are acquired in a fan-beam geometry. The images obtained demonstrate that video-rate reconstruction of sufficient quality for medical applications is possible and that videographic tomography can be realized when such real-time reconstruction systems are combined with fast data-acquisition systems.

关键词： image reconstruction Optical imaging Computed tomography Data acquisition Optical filters Positron emission tomography Detectors Geometrical optics Real time systems Reconstruction algorithms

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AUTOMATED FILTER OPTIMIZATION USING SIMULATED ANNEALING IN THE FREQUENCY-DOMAIN 2

AUTOMATED FILTER OPTIMIZATION USING SIMULATED ANNEALING IN T...

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CONF ON OPTICAL INFORMATION-processing systems AND ARCHITECTURES 2

作者： REDDICK, WE Memphis State Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940408X

The Fourier transforming properties of coherent imaging systems are well known and thoroughly developed. Optical spatial filtering techniques for coherent imaging systems are also a well developed field of study. Most of the advances in spatial filtering techniques were developed for systems with a known set of input characteristics. Once these filters were developed, they were static and unable to change wih a new set of inputs exhibiting a different set of characteristics. This paper will present the theoretical basis and desiy of an adaptive coherent imaging system using a two-dimensional spatial light modulator (5124) in the frequency plane. A computer controller is used as a feedback loop from the output plane back to the 5124. The filter implemented by the SLM is developed by simulated annealing. This iterative process enables the filter to adapt to a variety of inputs and automatically optimize given sufficient iterations. This paper will also present feasible applications of this technique in image processing and pattern recognition.

关键词： algorithms imaging systems Coherence imaging image processing LCDs Spatial filters Virtual colonoscopy Pattern recognition Feedback loops image filtering

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Development of an image segmentation and registration algorithm on a SIMD parallel processor

Development of an image segmentation and registration algori...

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Medical imaging IV: image processing

作者： Morioka, Craig Chan, K.K. Huang, H.K. UCLA Sch of Medicine Los Angeles United States

ISBN: (纸本)081940277X

Currently, more sophisticated image processing operations are not used on clinical workstations or CR (computed radiography) systems. One reason for this is the excessive time required to perform the image processing. One parallelism approach for improving image processing speed is to utilize a single instruction stream - multiple data stream (SIMD) computer. This paper presents the preliminary results for two classes of image processing algorithms which are useful in radiological applications: segmentation and registration.

关键词： image processing

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CONCURRENT image-processing ON HYPERCUBE MULTICOMPUTERS

CONCURRENT IMAGE-PROCESSING ON HYPERCUBE MULTICOMPUTERS

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CONF ON parallel ARCHITECTURES FOR image processing

作者： GHOSH, J Univ. of Texas/Austin (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402931

This paper presents a simple and effective method for the concurrent manipulation of linearly ordered data structures on hypercube systems, and extends it to cater to multidimensional images. The method is based on the existence of a binomial search tree rooted at any arbitrary processor node of the hypercube such that (i) every edge of the tree corresponds to a direct link between a pair of hypercube nodes, and (ii) it spans any arbitrary sequence of n consecutive nodes as specified by a gray code ordering, using a fan-out of at most [log₂n] and a depth of ([log₂n] + 1) . The search trees spanning different processor lists are vertex disjoint and are formed dynamically and concurrently, They can be specified using information local to each node. Thus, they can be used for performing operations such as broadcast and merge simultaneously on image components with non-uniform sizes. The concurrent search reduces the complexity of several low and intermediate-level image processing algorithms to depend on the size of the largest image segment rather than the size of the entire image.

关键词： image processing image segmentation Algorithm development algorithms Binary data image processing algorithms and systems image filtering Visualization Thermography Computer engineering

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MASSIVELY parallel PROCESSORS IN REAL-TIME applications

MASSIVELY PARALLEL PROCESSORS IN REAL-TIME APPLICATIONS

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CONF ON parallel ARCHITECTURES FOR image processing

作者： JUNG, KK NGUYEN, HT RAGHAVAN, R TRUONG, HS Lockheed Palo Alto Research Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819402931

In previous work, we have discussed the issue of real-time control, which is important for the effective application of massively parallel architectures in real-time, or near real-time, signal processing. We first briefly review our work on how to incorporate adaptive programming decisions in systems accommodating massive data parallelism without losing machine efficiency. This involves re-examination of functions to be performed by the software versus those performed by the hardware. Our discussion is based on a Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD) controller that we have constructed for a Geometric Single Instruction Single Data (GSIMD) array. We then address two more issues facing a GSIMD architecture for its efficient use, especially in vision applications. These are: how to treat the overlap in small neighborhood operations when a large image array is segmented for processing on a smaller GSIMD array, and how to transmit small amounts of information between the array processor and external machines for adaptive signal processing. We describe the architecture of our hardware solutions.

关键词： image processing Array processing parallel computing Signal processing image segmentation Computer programming Data processing Control systems imaging arrays parallel processing

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