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International Conference on New Trends in Signal processing (NTSP)

作者： Beresik, Roman Armed Forces Acad Gen MR Stefanik Dept Elect Liptovsky Mikulas Slovakia

ISBN: (纸本)9788080405298

The detection of targets in military and security applications involves the usage of sensor systems which consist of a variety of sensors such as seismic, acoustic, magnetic and image ones as well. In order to extract signal features, which characterize particular targets, using of appropriate signal processing algorithms is required. Seismic signals can be considered as nonstationary and nonlinear signals especially in near-field seismic zone. Most of the signal processing algorithms assumed that signals are linear and stationary. However, in many cases this assumption is not valid, especially in case of seismic signals generated by moving vehicles, walking persons or gunfire activity. There are several methods which can be used for seismic signal processing, like short-time Fourier transform (STFT), Wavelet transform (WT) and Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD). The paper presents the concept of the seismic sensor system based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System (MEMS) sensor SF1500S.A dedicated to vehicle detection. The main part of the paper deals with application of the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) to seismic signal processing in time and time-frequency domain. In conclusion, the outcomes of experiments provide comparison of HHT and STFT efficiency in terms of seismic features description of moving vehicle.

关键词： seismic signal signal decomposition Hilbert-Huang transform time-frequency analysis vehicle detection

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Dataflow IR for memory efficient RIPL compilation to FPGAs 16th

Dataflow IR for memory efficient RIPL compilation to FPGAs

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16th International Conference on algorithms and Architectures for Parallel processing - ICA3PP 2016 Collocated Workshops: 1st Workshop on Supercomputing Co-Design Technology, SCDT-2016, 1st International Workshop on Theoretical Approaches to Performance Evaluation, Modeling and Simulation, TAPEMS 2016, 1st International Workshop on Trust, Security and Privacy for Big Data, BigTrust 2016, 1st edition of the workshop on Ultrascale Computing for Early Researchers, UCER 2016 and 1st International Workshop on Data Locality in Modern Computing systems, DLMCS 2016

作者： Stewart, Robert Michaelson, Greg Bhowmik, Deepayan Garcia, Paulo Wallace, Andy School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783319499550

Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are fundamentally different to fixed processors architectures because their memory hierarchies can be tailored to the needs of an algorithm. FPGA compilers for high level languages are not hindered by fixed memory hierarchies. The constraint when compiling to FPGAs is the availability of resources. In this paper we describe how the dataflow intermediary of our declarative FPGA image processing DSL called RIPL (Rathlin image processing Language) enables us to constrain memory. We use five benchmarks to demonstrate that memory use with RIPL is comparable to the Vivado HLS OpenCV library without the need for language pragmas to guide hardware synthesis. The benchmarks also show that RIPL is more expressive than the Darkroom FPGA image processing language. © Springer International Publishing AG 2016.

关键词： image processing

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Hybrid object detection system for X-ray radiographs 17

Hybrid object detection system for X-ray radiographs

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Conference on Radiation Detectors - systems and Applications XVII

作者： Vita, Joshua A. Wantuch, Andrew C. Jimenez, Edward S. Bray, Iliana E. Sandia Natl Labs POB 5800Mail Stop 0932 Albuquerque NM 87185 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510603301

ISBN: (纸本)9781510603295;9781510603301

While object detection is a relatively well-developed field with respect to visible light photographs, there are significantly fewer algorithms designed to work with other imaging modalities. X-ray radiographs have many unique characteristics that introduce additional challenges that can cause common image processing and object detection algorithms to begin to fail. Examples of these problematic attributes include the fact that radiographs are only represented in gray scale with similar textures and that transmission overlap occurs when multiple objects are overlaid on top of each other. In this paper we not only analyze the effectiveness of common object detection techniques as applied to our specific database, but also outline how we combined various techniques to improve overall performance. While significant strides have been made towards developing a robust object detection algorithm for use with the given database, it is still a work in progress. Further research will be needed in order to deal with the specific obstacles posed by radiographs and X-ray imaging systems. Success in this project would have disruptive repercussions in fields ranging from medical imaging to manufacturing quality assurance and national security.

关键词： Radiography Databases Detection and tracking algorithms X-rays image segmentation Algorithm development X-ray imaging Sensors Machine learning Photography

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No-reference wavelet based retinal image quality assessment 5th

No-reference wavelet based retinal image quality assessment

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5th Eccomas Thematic Conference on Computational Vision and Medical image processing, Vipimage 2015

作者： Abdel Hamid, L.S. El-Rafei, A. El-Ramly, S. Michelson, G. Hornegger, J. Electronics and Communications Department Misr International University Cairo Egypt Engineering Physics and Mathematics Department Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Electronics and Communication Engineering Department Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Department of Ophthalmology Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Pattern Recognition Laboratory Department of Computer Science Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781138029262

Retinal image Quality Assessment (RIQA) is an essential preliminarily step in Automatic Retinal Screening systems (ARSS) to avoid misdiagnosis of retinal disease. In this work, a no-reference wavelet based RIQA algorithm suitable for real-time ARSS is introduced. Retinal images are classified into good and bad quality images using two proposed metrics. These measures are extracted from the wavelet decomposition subbands of the image to reflect sharpness and contrast. Wavelet level and regional analyses are performed to determine the most relevant levels and retinal region to be used in the RIQA. The algorithm is tested on two publicly available datasets with different resolutions. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 1 and 0.985 are obtained for the low and high resolution datasets respectively with runtime ranging between 0.1 and 2 seconds depending on image resolution. Comparison with other RIQA algorithms shows superiority of the proposed algorithm in both performance and time. © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Real time systems

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Energy-Efficient 8-Point DCT Approximations: Theory and Hardware Architectures

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CIRCUITS systems AND SIGNAL processing 2016年第11期35卷 4009-4029页

作者： Cintra, Renato J. Bayer, Fabio M. Coutinho, Vitor A. Kulasekera, Sunera Madanayake, Arjuna Leite, Andre Univ Fed Pernambuco Dept Estat Signal Proc Grp Recife PE Brazil Univ Rennes 1 IRISA INRIA Equipe Cairn Rennes France Inst Natl Sci Appl LIRIS Lyon France Univ Fed Santa Maria Dept Estat Santa Maria RS Brazil Univ Fed Santa Maria LACESM Santa Maria RS Brazil Univ Fed Pernambuco Grad Program Elect Engn Dept Estat Recife PE Brazil Univ Fed Pernambuco Signal Proc Grp Dept Estat Recife PE Brazil Univ Akron Dept Elect & Comp Engn Akron OH 44325 USA

Due to its remarkable energy compaction properties, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is employed in a multitude of compression standards, such as JPEG and H.265/HEVC. Several low-complexity integer approximations for the DCT have been proposed for both 1D and 2D signal analyses. The increasing demand for low-complexity, energy-efficient methods requires algorithms with even lower computational costs. In this paper, new 8-point DCT approximations with very low arithmetic complexity are presented. The new transforms are proposed based on pruning state-of-the-art DCT approximations. The proposed algorithms were assessed in terms of arithmetic complexity, energy retention capability, and image compression performance. In addition, a metric combining performance and computational complexity measures was proposed. Results showed good performance and extremely low computational complexity. Introduced algorithms were mapped into systolic-array digital architectures and physically realized as digital prototype circuits using FPGA technology and mapped to 45 nm CMOS technology. All hardware-related metrics showed low resource consumption of the proposed pruned approximate transforms. The best proposed transform according to the introduced metric presents a reduction in power consumption of 21-25 %.

关键词： DCT approximation image compression FPGA Pruned transforms

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Fuzzy Multilevel image Thresholding Based on Modified Quick Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm and Local Information Aggregation

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MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-18页

作者： Li, Linguo Sun, Lijuan Guo, Jian Han, Chong Li, Shujing Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Comp Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China Fuyang Normal Univ Coll Informat Engn Fuyang 236041 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Jiangsu High Technol Res Key Lab Wireless Sensor Nanjing 210003 Jiangsu Peoples R China

Thresholding segmentation based on fuzzy entropy and intelligent optimization is one of the most commonly used and direct methods. This paper takes fuzzy Kapur's entropy as the best optimal objective function, with modified quick artificial bee colony algorithm (MQABC) as the tool, performs fuzzy membership initialization operations through Pseudo Trapezoid-Shaped (PTS) membership function, and finally, according to the image's spacial location information, conducts local information aggregation by way of median, average, and iterative average so as to achieve the final segmentation. The experimental results show that the proposed FMQABC (fuzzy based modified quick artificial bee colony algorithm) and FMQABCA (fuzzy based modified quick artificial bee colony and aggregation algorithm) can search out the best optimal threshold very effectively, precisely, and speedily and in particular show exciting efficiency in running time. This paper experimentally compares the proposedmethod with Kapur's entropy-based Electromagnetism Optimization (EMO) method, standard ABC, and FDE (fuzzy entropy based differential evolution algorithm), respectively, and concludes that MQABCA is far more superior to the rest in terms of segmentation quality, iterations to convergence, and running time.

关键词： BEES algorithm MEMBERSHIP functions (Fuzzy logic) THRESHOLDING algorithms SEGMENTATION (image processing) INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems

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SDK Reinvented: Document image Analysis Methods as RESTful Web Services 12

SDK Reinvented: Document Image Analysis Methods as RESTful W...

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12th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis systems (DAS)

作者： Wuersch, Marcel Ingold, Rolf Liwicki, Marcus Univ Fribourg DIVA Grp Fribourg Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781509017928

Document image Analysis (DIA) systems become ever more advanced, but also more complex - computationally, and logically. This increases the difficulty of integrating existing state-of-the-art approaches into new research or into practical workflows. The current approach to sharing software is publishing source code - leaving the burden to the integrator or creating a Software Development Kit (SDK) which is often restricted to one programming language. We present DIVAServices a framework for sharing and accessing DIA methods within the research community and beyond. Using a RESTful web service architecture we provide access to the methods, leading to only one system on which the binaries of methods need to be maintained. All it takes for a developer to use an algorithm is a simple HTTP request with the image data and parameters for the method and they will receive the computed results in a format that allows for seamless integration into any kind of workflow or for further processing. Furthermore, DIVAServices is open-source, enabling other research groups or libraries to host their own instance in their environment. Using this framework, future DIA systems can be built on the shoulders of well tested algorithms, accessible to everyone.

关键词： Document image Analysis Open Source Web Services

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Benchmarking Photon-Limited Performance of Optic Flow processing algorithms

Benchmarking Photon-Limited Performance of Optic Flow Proces...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： Berkovich, Andrew Barrows, Geoffrey Abshire, Pamela Univ Maryland Syst Res Inst Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Pk MD 20740 USA Centeye Inc Washington DC 20008 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479953417

In this paper we present a simulation framework for testing and benchmarking the photon-limited performance of optic flow processing techniques. We explore the performance of "traditional" gradient-based and feature-based optic flow algorithms as well as the "biologically-inspired" elementary motion detector. We show that biologically-inspired spatial pooling techniques can successfully be implemented in the gradient-based image interpolation algorithm and the elementary motion detector to extend low-light capabilities by more than one order of magnitude. We also show that block matching algorithms can accurately compute optic flow even when a single frame may capture < 1000 photons. This framework provides a tool to further explore the mechanisms that underlie the observed low-light performance of biological vision systems and to understand the relative performance of different approaches for implementing optic flow in hardware.

关键词： optic flow motion detection low-light vision

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Hybrid ASIC/FPGA System for Fully Automatic Stereo-to-Multiview Conversion Using IDW

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND systems FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2016年第11期26卷 2093-2108页

作者： Schaffner, Michael Gurkaynak, Frank K. Greisen, Pierre Kaeslin, Hubert Benini, Luca Smolic, Aljosa ETH CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Disney Res CH-8006 Zurich Switzerland Univ Bologna I-40126 Bologna Italy

Recently, multiview autostereoscopic displays (MADs), which enable a limited glasses-free 3D experience, have become commercially available. The main problem of MADs is that they require several (typically eight or nine) views, while most of the 3D video content is in stereoscopic 3D today. In order to bridge this gap, the research community started to devise automatic multiview synthesis (MVS) methods. These algorithms require real-time processing and should be portable to end-user devices to develop their full potential. To this end, we revisit an algorithmic solution based on image domain warping (IDW) and devise a hardware architecture of a complete synthesis pipeline, provide insights into where the computationally challenging parts are, and present implementation results of a hybrid field programmable gate array/application-specific integrated circuit prototype, which is the first hardware implementation of a complete IDW-based MVS system. Based on these results, we also estimate the complexity and energy efficiency of a fully integrated solution in 65- and 28-nm CMOS technology and show that a full-high-definition real-time solution on a single chip is within reach. The proposed architecture could be used as a coprocessor in a system-on-chip targeting 3D TV sets, thereby enabling efficient content generation with limited user interaction (e.g., depth range adjustment) in real time.

关键词： Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) FPGA image domain warping (IDW) multiview synthesis (MVS) real time stereoscopic 3D (S3D) very large scale integration (VLSI) video processing

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A Google Glass navigation system for ultrasound and fluorescence dual-mode image-guided surgery 14

A Google Glass navigation system for ultrasound and fluoresc...

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Conference on Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic and Surgical Guidance systems xiv

作者： Zhang, Zeshu Pei, Jing Wang, Dong Hu, Chuanzhen Ye, Jian Gan, Qi Liu, Peng Yue, Jian Wang, Benzhong Shao, Pengfei Povoski, Stephen P. Martin, Edward W., Jr. Yilmaz, Alper Tweedle, Michael F. Xu, Ronald X. Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Engn Sci Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China Ohio State Univ Coll Engn Columbus OH 43210 USA Anhui Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China Ohio State Univ Wexner Med Ctr Dept Surg Columbus OH 43210 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628419320

Surgical resection remains the primary curative intervention for cancer treatment. However, the occurrence of a residual tumor after resection is very common, leading to the recurrence of the disease and the need for re-resection. We develop a surgical Google Glass navigation system that combines near infrared fluorescent imaging and ultrasonography for intraoperative detection of sites of tumor and assessment of surgical resection boundaries, well as for guiding sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping and biopsy. The system consists of a monochromatic CCD camera, a computer, a Google Glass wearable headset, an ultrasonic machine and an array of LED light sources. All the above components, except the Google Glass, are connected to a host computer by a USB or HDMI port. Wireless connection is established between the glass and the host computer for image acquisition and data transport tasks. A control program is written in C++ to call OpenCV functions for image calibration, processing and display. The technical feasibility of the system is tested in both tumor simulating phantoms and in a human subject. When the system is used for simulated phantom resection tasks, the tumor boundaries, invisible to the naked eye, can be clearly visualized with the surgical Google Glass navigation system. This system has also been used in an IRB approved protocol in a single patient during SLN mapping and biopsy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, demonstrating the ability to successfully localize and resect all apparent SLNs. In summary, our tumor simulating phantom and human subject studies have demonstrated the technical feasibility of successfully using the proposed goggle navigation system during cancer surgery.

关键词： surgical navigation system ultrasonography fluorescence imaging sentinel lymph node mapping

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