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作者： Lei Guo The University of Queensland

学位级别：博士

Microwave imaging systems for medical applications have been widely investigated in recent years due to their potential to provide portable diagnostic tools that are safe, low cost, and nonionizing. Among many medical applications, brain stroke detection and classification using microwave techniques has been attracting an increasing interest due to the need for a portable onsite, real-time stroke diagnosis that can be used by paramedics. A complete microwave imaging system includes hardware components and software algorithms. The processing and imaging techniques, which are the topic of this thesis, use the collected microwave signals via the antenna array to generate the images of the brain. Numerous microwave imaging techniques applied on bio-medical applications have been researched during recent years. Those proposed techniques exhibited great potential, however, they suffer from several serious drawbacks that need to be solved. This thesis aims to solve four main problems (including a large number of antenna elements, a large number of frequency samples, sensitivity to initial guess of the effective dielectric properties of the image domain and sparsity of the imaged domain), in current microwave imaging techniques and in doing so makes four main research contributions. The first contribution is the development of a novel algorithm based on compressive sensing (CS). The main target is to develop CS-based imaging algorithm to reduce the number of antennas used in the array. A CS model is constructed based on confocal imaging algorithm, and a convex optimization problem is solved in order to reconstruct the reflection coefficients of the imaging domain. The proposed algorithm is successfully tested on a head model. Followed by that, another CS-based algorithm is proposed to reduce the number of stepped frequencies used in the microwave transceiver system. A CS model is constructed based on the sparse time domain signal received by the antenna array. The algorithm

关键词： microwave head imaging technique confocal imaging algorithm microwave tomography compressive sensing wavelet transform brain stroke classification optimization machine learning

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Motion Vector Estimation of Textureless Objects Exploiting Reaction-Diffusion Cellular Automata

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNCONVENTIONAL COMPUTING 2016年第2-3期12卷 169-187页

作者： Ushida, Miho Schmid, Alexandre Asai, Tetsuya Ishimura, Kazuyoshi Motomura, Masato Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Kita Ku Kita 14Nishi 9 Sapporo Hokkaido 0600814 Japan Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Microelect Syst Lab CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Conventional motion estimation algorithms extract motion vectors from image sequences based on the image's local-brightness differences in consecutive images. Therefore, motion vectors are extracted along the moving edges formed by moving objects over their background. However, in the case of "textureless" moving objects, motion vectors inside the objects cannot be detected because no brightness (texture) differences exist inside the object. Severe issues may incur in motion-related imaging applications because motion-vectors of vast (inner) regions of textureless objects can not be detected, although the inner part is moving with the object's edges. To solve this problem, we propose an unconventional image-processing algorithm that generates spatial textures based on object's edge information, allowing the detection of the textures motion. The model is represented by a 2-D crossbar array of a 1-D reaction-diffusion (RD) model where 1-D spatial patterns are created inside objects and aggregated to form textures. Computer simulations confirm the approach, showing the formation of textures over approaching objects, which may open applications in machine vision and automated decision systems.

关键词： Texture generation cellular automata reaction-diffusion systems unconventional image processing

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Benchmarking photon-limited performance of optic flow processing algorithms

Benchmarking photon-limited performance of optic flow proces...

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International Symposium on Circuits and systems

作者： Andrew Berkovich Geoffrey Barrows Pamela Abshire Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park MD 20740 Centeye Inc. Washington DC 20008

ISBN: (纸本)9781479953424

In this paper we present a simulation framework for testing and benchmarking the photon-limited performance of optic flow processing techniques. We explore the performance of "traditional" gradient-based and feature-based optic flow algorithms as well as the "biologically-inspired" elementary motion detector. We show that biologically-inspired spatial pooling techniques can successfully be implemented in the gradient-based image interpolation algorithm and the elementary motion detector to extend low-light capabilities by more than one order of magnitude. We also show that block matching algorithms can accurately compute optic flow even when a single frame may capture <;1000 photons. This framework provides a tool to further explore the mechanisms that underlie the observed low-light performance of biological vision systems and to understand the relative performance of different approaches for implementing optic flow in hardware.

关键词： low-light vision optic flow motion detection

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Automated techniques for real time platoon detection and identification

Automated techniques for real time platoon detection and ide...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Sidharth Sudheer Helen Thomas Anuj Sharma Lelitha Devi Vanajakshi Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai Tamil Nadu IN Iowa State University Ames IA US

ISBN: (纸本)9781509018901

This paper proposes methods for detecting platoons in a traffic stream using automated techniques. Three different methods are tested for platoon detection, namely Cluster based approach, modified Gaur and Mirchandani approach, and an image processing based technique. Corroboration was carried out using dataset from an arterial in Chennai, India. The results obtained showed all the methods working well for platoon identification. The cluster based approach proved to work very well but it is an offline method for platoon identification. For real time environments, the modified G&M method as well as the image processing solution showed promising results for the Indian traffic conditions with the modified G&M approach performing slightly better.

关键词： Vehicles image processing Real-time systems Fluctuations Roads Cameras Detection algorithms

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QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF image FEATURES OF CLUSTERED MICROCALCIFICATIONS IN FOR-PRESENTATION MAMMOGRAMS

QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF IMAGE FEATURES OF CLUSTERED MICROCALCI...

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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： Juan Wang Yongyi Yang Robert M. Nishikawa Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL 60616 USA Department of Radiology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467399623

Mammogram images are now increasingly acquired with full-field digital mammography (FFDM) systems in the clinics. Traditionally, the "for-processing" format of FFDM images is used in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of breast cancer. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of using "for-presentation" format of FFDM (which are more readily available) in development of CAD algorithms for microcalcification (MC) lesions. We conduct a quantitative evaluation of both the image features and the detectability of individual MCs on a set of 188 mammograms acquired in both formats. The results demonstrate that there is a high degree of agreement in the image features between the two image formats, and that a slight increase in false-positives in MC detection is observed in for-presentation images.

关键词： Lesions Feature extraction Mammography Design automation Detectors Standards Dogs

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A workflow to process 3D+time microscopy images of developing organisms and reconstruct their cell lineage

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2016年第1期7卷 8674-8683页

作者： Faure, Emmanuel Savy, Thierry Rizzi, Barbara Melani, Camilo Stasova, Olga Fabreges, Dimitri Spir, Robert Hammons, Mark Cunderlik, Robert Recher, Gaelle Lombardot, Benoit Duloquin, Louise Colin, Ingrid Kollar, Jozef Desnoulez, Sophie Affaticati, Pierre Maury, Benoit Boyreau, Adeline Nief, Jean-Yves Calvat, Pascal Vernier, Philippe Frain, Monique Lutfalla, Georges Kergosien, Yannick Suret, Pierre Remesikova, Mariana Doursat, Rene Sarti, Alessandro Mikula, Karol Peyrieras, Nadine Bourgine, Paul Complex Syst Inst Paris Ile de France ISC PIF UPS3611 CNRS F-75013 Paris France CNRS CREA UMR7656 Res Ctr Appl Epistemol F-75005 Paris France Ecole Polytech F-75005 Paris France MDAM Neurobiol & Dev UPR3294 CNRS F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Paris Saclay CNRS BioEmergences Lab USR3695 F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Bologna Dept Elect Informat & Syst I-40126 Bologna Italy Slovak Univ Technol Bratislava Dept Math & Descript Geometry Bratislava 81005 Slovakia CNRS Neurobiol & Dev UPR3294 F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette France Natl Inst Nucl Phys & Particle Phys CNRS USR6402 Comp CtrCC IN2P3 F-69100 Villeurbanne France CNRS UMR5235 Dynam Membrane Interact Normal & Pathol Cells DIM F-34090 Montpellier France Univ Montpellier 2 F-34090 Montpellier France CNRS UMR1142 Med Informat & Knowledge Engn E Hlth LIMICS F-93017 Bobigny France Univ Paris 13 F-93017 Bobigny France CNRS Laser Atom & Mol Phys Lab UMR8523 F-59650 Villeneuve Dascq France Univ Lille 1 Sci & Technol F-59650 Villeneuve Dascq France Univ Toulouse CNRS IRIT UMR5505 F-31400 Toulouse France Univ Paris 11 TEFOR Core Facil Paris Saclay Inst Neurosci UMR9197CNRS F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Buenos Aires Dept Comp Sci RA-1053 Buenos Aires DF Argentina Univ Paris 11 CNRS Paris Saclay Inst Neurosci UMR9197 F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette France Manchester Metropolitan Univ SCMDT Manchester M1 5GD Lancs England EHESS CNRS Ctr Social Anal & Math CAMS UMR8557 F-75013 Paris France

The quantitative and systematic analysis of embryonic cell dynamics from in vivo 3D+time image data sets is a major challenge at the forefront of developmental biology. Despite recent breakthroughs in the microscopy imaging of living systems, producing an accurate cell lineage tree for any developing organism remains a difficult task. We present here the BioEmergences workflow integrating all reconstruction steps from image acquisition and processing to the interactive visualization of reconstructed data. Original mathematical methods and algorithms underlie image filtering, nucleus centre detection, nucleus and membrane segmentation, and cell tracking. They are demonstrated on zebrafish, ascidian and sea urchin embryos with stained nuclei and membranes. Subsequent validation and annotations are carried out usingMov-IT, a custom-made graphical interface. Compared with eight other software tools, our workflow achieved the best lineage score. Delivered in standalone or web service mode, BioEmergences and Mov-IT offer a unique set of tools for in silico experimental embryology.

关键词： Cell lineage image processing

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Automated processing of cytological and histological images

Automated processing of cytological and histological images

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International Conference on Perspective Technologies and Methods in MEMS Design (MEMSTECH)

作者： Oleh Berezsky Oleh Pitsun CIT Department Ternopil National Econimic University Ternopil UKRAINE

The paper analyzes well-known automated microscopy systems. The work presents the comparative analysis of low- and middle-designed algorithms. The adaptive module of pre-processing and image segmentation has been work... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781509014149

关键词： image segmentation Microscopy Biomedical imaging Algorithm design and analysis Computer vision Brightness

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Architecture for Parallelizing Decoding of Marker-Free Variable Length Code Streams

Architecture for Parallelizing Decoding of Marker-Free Varia...

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IEEE Signal processing algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements, and Applications Conference

作者： Yousef Baroud Jose Manuel Marinos Velarde Sven Simon Institut fur Parallele und Verteilte Systeme Universitat Stuttgart

ISBN: (纸本)9781509026616

Parallel decoding of encoded data streams is an important scheme that is widely applied in image and video applications. Especially with the increasing demand on higher resolutions and frame rates, parallel decoding becomes very useful to meet the throughput requirements. Parallel decoding is conventionally enabled by inserting markers into the variable length code (VLC) stream. The markers allow for an easy separation of the sub-streams in order to be processed in parallel. The use of markers, however, adversely affects the compression making it unfavorable especially when the bandwidth of the channel is almost fully utilized. In a previous work, we proposed a proof of concept marker-free architecture that enables parallel decoding exhibiting the feasibility of the solution. In this paper, an efficient marker-free architecture is proposed. The memory requirements and the performance of the architecture are thoroughly analyzed. The architecture preserves the original compression factor of the system in contrary to the marker-based approaches. In the experimental results, it is shown that the architecture can be readily configured to drive up to 20 parallel decoders on a medium range FPGA at high clock rates. In addition, the hardware resources in terms of LUTs, registers and block RAMs are reported from which it can be seen that the resources tend to scale linearly with the number of decoders.

关键词： Decoding Streaming media Registers image coding Transform coding Pipelines Control systems DECODING Building construction ARCHITECTURE transform coding Registers Streaming Video image coding pipeline control systems variable length codes memory requirements decoders Compressibility factors Parallel Lines clock frequency

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Hybrid code description for developing fast and resource efficient image processing architectures

Hybrid code description for developing fast and resource eff...

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International Conference on Embedded Computer systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (IC-SAMOS)

作者： Konrad Häublein Marc Reichenbach Oliver Reiche M. Akif Özkan Dietmar Fey Frank Hannig Jürgen Teich Computer Architecture Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nümberg (FAU) Erlangen Germany Hardware-Software-Co-Design Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nümberg (FAU) Germany

image processing algorithms applied on programmable embedded systems very often do not meet the given constraints in terms of real time capability. Mapping these algorithms to reconfigurable hardware solves this issue, but demands further specific knowledge in hardware development. The design process can be accelerated by code generation through high-level synthesis, which is very flexible. However, the quality of synthesis depends on many factors like the provided constraints, code description, and algorithmic complexity. Hence, optimizing these parameters may improve the generated results in terms of logic and memory utilization, as well as data throughput and synthesis duration. In this work, we aim to exploit domain-specific knowledge for a hybrid code description in order to benefit from rapid development through high-level synthesis in combination with throughput optimized generic hardware descriptions. By utilizing code generation techniques, the entire design flow gets accelerated. Our synthesis results show a similar resource utilization and achievable throughput to a pure HDL described hardware.

关键词： Hardware image processing Hardware design languages Field programmable gate arrays Algorithm design and analysis Libraries C++ languages

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Linear in the parameter model for Homomorphic filter: Volterra series based approach

Linear in the parameter model for Homomorphic filter: Volter...

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International Conference on Industrial and Information systems, ICIIS

作者： P. Venkatappareddy Brejesh Lall Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi Delhi INDIA

This paper introduces a linear in the parameter model for Homomorphic filter using Volterra series approach. To obtain these parameters we propose a model where we choose a sub image from the response of Homomorphic filter as reference image to reduce computational complexity. We apply non uniform illuminated images to the proposed filter and compare its performance against standard Homomorphic filter. The proposed filter outperforms the traditional Homomorphic filter in all experiments. Also we compare the error convergence and steady-state error of Sparse aware LMS with LMS algorithm to calculate proposed filter coefficients.

关键词： Lighting Computational modeling Convergence image processing Mathematical model Kernel Signal processing algorithms

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