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2nd International Conference on image processing, Computer vision and machine Learning, ICICML 2023

作者： Chen, Huitong Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications International College Beijing100000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331417

The success of large model pre-training in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision has been remarkable. By pre-training on large-scale data, these models can learn richer semantic and visual representations to achieve better performance on various tasks. performance. In order to enable more researchers and practitioners to fully understand the advantages and applicable fields of different models, this paper summarizes the current large model pre-training methods, including vision Transformer (ViT), Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer (T5), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Contrastive Language-image Pretraining (CLIP) are all included, and discusses their principles and advantages are presented. At the same time, compare their results are compared on different datasets, and compare the results of combining them with different other techniques. The final research results show that ViT has advantages over other models in image classification, GPT performs best in generative tasks compared to other models, and T5 has achieved significant results in various text tasks compared to other models, while BERT performs best in various discriminative tasks compared to other models. CLIP is suitable for image and text-related tasks, including image classification, text retrieval, visual question answering, etc. Finally, applications of various models are summarized, providing direction for researchers and practitioners. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： deep learning large language model large vision model neural network

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A Survey on Adversarial Text Attacks on Deep Learning Models in Natural Language processing 5th

A Survey on Adversarial Text Attacks on Deep Learning Models...

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5th International Conference on Data Science, machine Learning and applications

作者： Deepan, S. Torres-Cruz, Fred Placido-Lerma, Ruben L. Udhayakumar, R. Anuradha, S. Kapila, Dhiraj SR Univ Sch Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Warangal Telangana India Univ Nacl Altiplanode Puno Unit Stat & Comp Engn Puno Peru Univ Andina Nestor Caceres Velasquez Syst Engn Juliaca Peru VelTech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R&D Inst Sci & T Chennai Tamil Nadu India Sri Sairam Engn Coll Dept English Chennai Tamil Nadu India Lovely Profess Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Phagwara Punjab India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819780334;9789819780310;9789819780303

Deep neural networks have recently seen a significant surge in adoption for different Artificial Intelligence technologies due to the development of powerful computer systems. However, because of the growing security concerns, they are susceptible to dangerous risks. Adversarial instances were initially discovered in the field of computer vision (CV), where systems were deceived by altering their initial inputs. In the field of natural language processing (NLP), additionally they occur. Several approaches are put up to address this gap and handle an extensive variety of NLP applications. We give an organized survey of these works in this *** text is distinct and meaningful in nature, in contrast to the image, which makes the creation of hostile assaults much more challenging. In this study, we present a thorough analysis of adversarial attacks and counterattacks in the textual domain. In order to make the essay self-contained, we examine related important works in computer vision and cover the fundamentals of NLP. We explore unresolved concerns to close the gap between current advancements and increasingly powerful adversarial assaults on NLP DNNs in our survey's conclusion.

关键词： NLP DNN adversarial text attacks adversarial defense textual data

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A MULTIMODAL OPTICAL SENSING SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATED AND INTELLIGENT FOOD SAFETY INSPECTION

JOURNAL OF THE ASABE

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JOURNAL OF THE ASABE 2023年第4期66卷 839-849页

作者： Qin, Jianwei Hong, Jeehwa Cho, Hyunjeong Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Baek, Insuck Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. USDA ARS Beltsville Agr Res Ctr Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab Beltsville MD 20705 USA Natl Agr Prod Qual Management Serv Expt Res Inst Gimcheon Si Gyeongbuk Do South Korea

A novel multimodal optical sensing system was developed for automated and intelligent food safety inspection. The system uses two pairs of compact point lasers and dispersive spectrometers at 785 and 1064 nm to realize dual-band Raman spectroscopy and imaging, which is suitable to measure samples generating low- and high-fluorescence interference signals, respectively. Automated spectral acquisition can be performed using a direct-drive XY moving stage for solid, powder, and liquid samples placed in customized well plates or randomly scattered in standard Petri dishes (e.g., bacterial colonies). Three LED lights (white backlight, UV ring light, and white ring light) and two miniature color cameras are used for machine vision measurements of samples in the Petri dishes using different combinations of illuminations and imaging modalities (e.g., transmission, fluorescence, and color). Real-time image processing and motion control techniques are used to implement automated sample counting, positioning, sampling, and synchronization functions. System software was developed using LabVIEW with integrated artificial intelligence functions able to identify and label interesting targets instantly. The system capability was demonstrated by an example application for rapid identification of five common foodborne bacteria, including Bacillus cereus, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp.. Using a machine learning model based on a linear support vector machine, a classification accuracy of 98.6% was achieved using Raman spectra automatically collected from 222 bacterial colonies of the five species grown on nutrient nonselective agar in 90 mm Petri dishes. The entire system was built on a 30x45 cm(2) breadboard, enabling it compact and portable and its use for field and on-site biological and chemical food safety inspection in regulatory and industrial applications.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Automated sampling Bacteria Food safety machine learning machine vision Raman Sensing

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A Survey on Few-Shot Techniques in the Context of Computer vision applications Based on Deep Learning 21st

A Survey on Few-Shot Techniques in the Context of Computer V...

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21st International Conference on image Analysis and processing (ICIAP)

作者： San-Emeterio, Miguel G. Atos Res & Innovat Madrid 28037 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783031133244;9783031133237

This review article about Few-Shot Learning techniques is focused on Computer vision applications based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. A general discussion about Few-Shot Learning is given, featuring a context-constrained description, a short list of applications, a description of a couple of commonly used techniques and a discussion of the most used benchmarks for FSL computer vision applications. In addition, the paper features a few examples of recent publications in which FSL techniques are used for training models in the context of Human Behaviour Analysis and Smart City Environment Safety. These examples give some insight about the performance of state-of-the-art FSL algorithms, what metrics do they achieve, and how many samples are needed for accomplishing that.

关键词： Few-Shot Learning Deep Learning Computer vision Human Behaviour Analysis Smart City Environment Safety

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Lightweight deep learning model for automatic landslide prediction and localization

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND applications 2023年第21期82卷 33245-33266页

作者： Varangaonkar, Payal Rode, S. V. Sipna Coll Engn & Technol Amravati India Sipna Coll Engn & Technol Elect & Telecommun Dept Amravati India

There has been a lot of interest in utilizing remote sensing images to anticipate landslides. We propose a novel framework for automatic landslide detection and landslide region localization from the input remote sensing image. The framework consists of pre-processing, dynamic segmentation, automatic feature extraction, classification, and localization. The pre-processing is the integrated step that performs atmospheric corrections, geometric corrections, and unnecessary region removal with denoising using 2D median filtering. The pre-processed image is then segmented using the dynamic segmentation approach to extract the Region of Interest (ROI). We propose lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) layers for automatic feature extraction and scaling using the ResNet50 model. The CNN layers are designed systematically for automatic feature extraction to improve accuracy and reduce computational requirements. The Long-Term Short Memory (LSTM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Support Vector machine (SVM) classifiers are designed to perform the landslide prediction. If landslides are forecast, the post-processing stages are intended to identify potential landslide locations. The experimental results show that the proposed CNN-LSTM model outperformed the existing solutions in terms of accuracy, F1 score, precision, and recall rates. The experimental outcomes reveal that the proposed model improves the overall prediction accuracy by 2% and reduces the computational complexity by 35% compared to state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Computer vision methods Convolutional neural network Deep learning LSTM Landslide detection Landslide localization Segmentation

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A review of ground camera-based computer vision techniques for flood management

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COMPUTERS AND CONCRETE 2024年第4期33卷 425-443页

作者： Jun, Sanghoon Jang, Hyewoon Kim, Seungjun Lee, Jong-Sub Jung, Donghwi Korea Univ Hyper Converged Forens Res Ctr Infrastruct Seoul 02841 South Korea Korea Univ Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn Seoul 02841 South Korea Korea Univ Sch Civil Environm & Architectural Engn Seoul 02841 South Korea

Floods are among the most common natural hazards in urban areas. To mitigate the problems caused by flooding, unstructured data such as images and videos collected from closed circuit televisions (CCTVs) or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been examined for flood management (FM). Many computer vision (CV) techniques have been widely adopted to analyze imagery data. Although some papers have reviewed recent CV approaches that utilize UAV images or remote sensing data, less effort has been devoted to studies that have focused on CCTV data. In addition, few studies have distinguished between the main research objectives of CV techniques (e.g., flood depth and flooded area) for a comprehensive understanding of the current status and trends of CV applications for each FM research topic. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature that proposes CV techniques for aspects of FM using ground camera (e.g., CCTV) data. Research topics are classified into four categories: flood depth, flood detection, flooded area, and surface water velocity. These application areas are subdivided into three types: urban, river and stream, and experimental. The adopted CV techniques are summarized for each research topic and application area. The primary goal of this review is to provide guidance for researchers who plan to design a CV model for specific purposes such as flood-depth estimation. Researchers should be able to draw on this review to construct an appropriate CV model for any FM purpose.

关键词： CCTV computer vision flooding image processing machine learning segmentation

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Fourier-Based and Rational Graph Filters for Spectral processing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND machine INTELLIGENCE 2023年第6期45卷 7063-7074页

作者： Patane, Giuseppe CNR CNR IMATI Ist Matemat Applicata & Tecnol Informat Genova I-16149 Genoa Italy

Data are represented as graphs in a wide range of applications, such as Computer vision (e.g., images) and Graphics (e.g., 3D meshes), network analysis (e.g., social networks), and bio-informatics (e.g., molecules). In this context, our overall goal is the definition of novel Fourier-based and graph filters induced by rational polynomials for graph processing, which generalise polynomial filters and the Fourier transform to non-euclidean domains. For the efficient evaluation of discrete spectral Fourier-based and wavelet operators, we introduce a spectrum-free approach, which requires the solution of a small set of sparse, symmetric, well-conditioned linear systems and is oblivious of the evaluation of the Laplacian or kernel spectrum. Approximating arbitrary graph filters with rational polynomials provides a more accurate and numerically stable alternative with respect to polynomials. To achieve these goals, we also study the link between spectral operators, wavelets, and filtered convolution with integral operators induced by spectral kernels. According to our tests, main advantages of the proposed approach are (i) its generality with respect to the input data (e.g., graphs, 3D shapes), applications (e.g., signal reconstruction and smoothing, shape correspondence), and filters (e.g., polynomial, rational polynomial), and (ii) a spectrum-free computation with a generally low computational cost and storage overhead.

关键词： Convolution Laplace equations Kernel Fourier transforms Chebyshev approximation Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Three-dimensional displays Chebyshev rational polynomials frequency filtering graph Fourier transform graphs heat kernel kernels Laplacian spectrum spectral graph processing

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Raw Camera Data Object Detectors: An Optimisation for Automotive Video processing and Transmission

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IEEE ACCESS 2025年 13卷 21695-21706页

作者： Chan, Pak Hung Wei, Chuheng Huggett, Anthony Donzella, Valentina Univ Warwick WMG Coventry CV4 7AL England Onsemi Greenwood House Bracknell RG12 2AA England

Whilst Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been developing swiftly, most of the research has been focused on videos based on RGB frames. RGB data has been traditionally optimised for human vision and is a highly re-elaborated and interpolated version of the collected raw data. In fact, the sensor collects the light intensity value per pixel, but an RGB frame contains 3 values, for red, green, and blue colour channels. This conversion to RGB requires computational resource, time, power, and increases by a factor of three the amount of output data. This work investigates DNN based detection using (for training and evaluation) Bayer frames, generated from a benchmarking automotive dataset (i.e. KITTI dataset). A Deep Neural Network (DNN) is deployed in an unmodified form, and also modified to accept only single channel frames, such as Bayer frames. Eleven different re-trained versions of the DNN are produced, and cross-evaluated across different data formats. The results demonstrate that the selected DNN has the same accuracy when evaluating RGB or Bayer data, without significant degradation in the perception (the variation of the Average Precision is <1%). Moreover, the colour filter array position and the colour correction matrix do not seem to contribute significantly to the DNN performance. This work demonstrates that Bayer data can be used for object detection in automotive without significant perception performance loss, allowing for more efficient sensing-perception systems.

关键词： image color analysis Artificial neural networks Accuracy Pedestrians Cameras Automotive engineering machine learning Pipelines Feature extraction Europe Bayer data object detection perception sensors assisted and automated driving intelligent vehicles

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Organ Localization and Detection in Sow’s Using machine Learning and Deep Learning in Computer vision

Organ Localization and Detection in Sow’s Using Machine Lea...

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作者： Almadani, Iyad Mohd Eid H. The University of Memphis

学位级别：M.S., Master of Science/Master of Surgery

The objective of computer vision research is to endow computers with human-like perception to enable the capability to detect their surroundings, interpret the data they sense, take appropriate actions, and learn from their experiences to improve future performance. The area has progressed from using traditional pattern recognition and image processing technologies to advanced techniques in image understanding such as model-based and knowledge-based vision. In the past few years, there has been a surge of interest in machine learning algorithms for computer vision-based applications. machine learning technology has the potential to significantly contribute to the development of flexible and robust vision algorithms that will improve the performance of practical vision systems with a higher level of competence and greater generality. Additionally, the development of machine learning-based architectures has the potential to reduce system development time while simultaneously achieving the above-stated performance improvements. This work proposes utilizing a computer vision-based approach that leverages machine and deep learning systems to aid the detection and identification of sow reproduction cycles by segmentation and object detection techniques. A lightweight machine learning system is proposed for object detection to address dataset collection issues in one of the most crucial and potentially lucrative farming applications. This technique was designed to detect the vulvae region in pre-estrous sows using a single thermal image. In the first experiment, the support vector machine (SVM) classifier was used after extracting features determined by 12 Gabor filters. The features are then concatenated with the features obtained from the Histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) to produce the results of the first experiment. In the second experiment, the number of distinct Gabor filters used was increased from 12 to 96. The system is trained on cropped image windows and us

关键词： Computer vision Gabor filter machine learning Object localization Support vector machine

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An Advanced Multi-Scale Feature Compression using Selective Learning Strategy for Video Coding for machines

An Advanced Multi-Scale Feature Compression using Selective ...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Visual Communications and image processing, VCIP 2023

作者： Yoon, Yong-Uk Han, Gyu-Woong Lee, Jooyoung Jeong, Se Yoon Kim, Jae-Gon Korea Aerospace University Department of Electronics and Information Engineering Gyeonggi-do Goyang-si Korea Republic of Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon Korea Republic of Korea Aerospace University School of Electronics and Information Engineering Gyeonggi-do Goyang-si Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359855

machine vision-based applications have witnessed widespread adoption in diverse fields. Efficiently processing and compressing the vast amounts of video data collected by machines is crucial for these applications. To address this need, the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) is developing a new' video coding standard known as Video Coding for machines (VCM), specifically optimized for video consumed by machines in vision applications. This paper proposes an advanced multi-scale feature compression (advMSFC) method with a selective learning strategy (SLS) for the Feature Compression for VCM (FCVCM). By applying the SLS, the proposed method converts multi-scale features into a single-scale feature arranged based on channel-wise importance, enabling adaptive feature channel truncation based on the QP. The truncated feature is efficiently compressed using the latest video codec, Versatile Video Coding (VVC). The proposed method outperforms the VCM feature anchor in instance segmentation, object detection, and object tracking tasks, achieving significant Bjontegaard delta-rate (BD-rate) gains. The adaptability of our method using a single trained model for various QPs shows promise for efficient feature compression in machine vision applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Computer vision

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