A vision system to operate in a greenhouse environment designed for tomato cultivation is presented. The signals sent by two PAL colour cameras are processed by a graphic workstation using a bit-slice microprocessor c...
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A vision system to operate in a greenhouse environment designed for tomato cultivation is presented. The signals sent by two PAL colour cameras are processed by a graphic workstation using a bit-slice microprocessor card for fast imageprocessing. Cultural operations are examined and the proper vision system specifications are defined. Attention is turned on two aspects: localization of main objects (e.g. flowers, fruits) and navigation. As for localization, an algorithm has been developed based on the colour and particularly on the hue component (extracted 3 times per second from a RGB input) for segmentation and on a stereo processing to find the distance of segmented objects. Results are good enough to demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach.< >
The issues of integration in a vision and imageprocessing systems (VIPS) which has found an increasing number of applications in manufacturing are analyzed. It is pointed out that, to achieve fully integrated systems...
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The issues of integration in a vision and imageprocessing systems (VIPS) which has found an increasing number of applications in manufacturing are analyzed. It is pointed out that, to achieve fully integrated systems which are seamless and have a uniform occurrence of data and ways to process the data, it is essential that the semantics of components be identified and captured in advance. The semantics of a VIPS are identified in terms of data, processes, and knowledge. The system should have the features of handling large and heterogeneous knowledge bases, the ability to integrate knowledge and data, and a generic knowledge representation scheme. The basic system architecture to meet these features is discussed.< >
The recovery of depth from defocused images is formulated as a 3-D image restoration problem. A defocused image is modeled as the combinatorial outcome of the depths and intensities of the volume elements (voxels) of ...
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The recovery of depth from defocused images is formulated as a 3-D image restoration problem. A defocused image is modeled as the combinatorial outcome of the depths and intensities of the volume elements (voxels) of an opaque 3-D object. A large depth-of-field image is used to constrain the intensities of the voxels. The depths of voxels are estimated from a highly defocused image by using simulated annealing to solve a constrained optimization problem. It is concluded that the method provides a framework for high-resolution depth recovery from defocused images. The method is computationally-intensive; however, it is amenable to parallel processing and is well suited for small field-of-interest applications.< >
A great deal of work when characterising printing materials and finished substrates coated with printing inks and toners utilises microscopic examination. Coates Electrographics is involved in a range of electronic-pr...
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A great deal of work when characterising printing materials and finished substrates coated with printing inks and toners utilises microscopic examination. Coates Electrographics is involved in a range of electronic-printing-related areas, and image analysis provides a very useful tool in quality control and development for quantifying microscopic analysis. An off-the-shelf Optomax V image Analyser with Insight frame grabbing capability, combined with software provided by the supplier, is used. This enables a number of very useful measurements and imageprocessing functions to be applied. The video image is captured from the microscope by a CCD camera which provides good resolution, high sensitivity and variable gamma. The paper discusses three applications; the measurement of resist coating thickness over copper laminate PCBs; the assessment of the effectiveness of separation of filtration on finely dispersed pigmented jet inks; and the evaluation of nonimpact printed toner adhesion to bond paper by measurement is a crease test.< >
Presents an automatic planning method of light source placement for an active photometric stereo system. Since photometric stereo systems normally use multiple light sources fixed to the environment, they cannot avoid...
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Presents an automatic planning method of light source placement for an active photometric stereo system. Since photometric stereo systems normally use multiple light sources fixed to the environment, they cannot avoid shadows caused by surrounding objects. One remedy for this situation is to use a movable light source and to adapt its placement actively to the task environment. Candidate positions for light source placement to avoid shadows are obtained based on a 3D model of the environment and imageprocessing of a virtual sphere around the target objects. Then possible combinations evaluated using the combined criteria of reliability and detectability of the measurement. Experimental results, using a light source affixed to a 6DOF manipulator, demonstrate the usefulness of the setup planning method.< >
Describes a health care robot for patients in hospitals. It is important and helpful in health cares to visualize and recognize the conditions of patients. The authors developed a health care robot for patients. This ...
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Describes a health care robot for patients in hospitals. It is important and helpful in health cares to visualize and recognize the conditions of patients. The authors developed a health care robot for patients. This robot has an audio announcement system and a vision system. When the patient's condition becomes worse, the robot calls doctors or nurses. In this manner, this robot can assist doctors and nurses in their patients care.< >
A collection of routing algorithms for the content-addressable array parallel processor (CAAPP) which allow many more classes of interprocessor communication to be executed efficiently than otherwise on machines with ...
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A collection of routing algorithms for the content-addressable array parallel processor (CAAPP) which allow many more classes of interprocessor communication to be executed efficiently than otherwise on machines with conventional mesh-connected topologies is presented. It is shown that routing on the CAAPP can be executed with simplicity and performance similar to that of a dedicated routing network. Experimental results are presented from random permutations as well as from several common machinevisionapplications.< >
Describes a robots workstation used as a test bed for evaluating tools and techniques for automating the technique of micropropagation. A number of novel plant manipulation tools have been developed. These tools are m...
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Describes a robots workstation used as a test bed for evaluating tools and techniques for automating the technique of micropropagation. A number of novel plant manipulation tools have been developed. These tools are mounted on a Cartesian geometry robot driven by stepper motors to perform the required harvesting, cutting and planting movements. Overall robot direction is provided by a program which is updated according to the shape, position and orientation of a particular microplant. Information from a video camera can either be displayed on a monitor and assessed by an operator, or can be analysed by a visionprocessing system. This paper describes the robot workstation and discusses the various vision analysis tasks necessary for automatic robot guidance.< >
Combining the knowledge-based processing with imageprocessing is considered a key issue in the future of visual inspection of complex patterns such as multilayered semiconductor wafers. However, present technology re...
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Combining the knowledge-based processing with imageprocessing is considered a key issue in the future of visual inspection of complex patterns such as multilayered semiconductor wafers. However, present technology restricts this combination, mainly because of the exhaustively long time usually required for each type of processing. To cope with this situation, a unique knowledge-directed imageprocessing method is proposed, in which every imageprocessing step is controlled in real time by parametric knowledge driven by design patterns. The resulting structure of the image processor is a pipeline, in which each piece of knowledge is embodied as a combination of a hardware processing unit and control unit. In this paper the types of knowledge and their implementation are explained, and an inspection machine for logic IC wafers based on this pipelined knowledge-directed imageprocessing is introduced.
A fundamental group in computer vision is the recovery of three-dimensional shape from image data. While this problem is in general underconstrained, the authors show that it can be simplified in the case where the ob...
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A fundamental group in computer vision is the recovery of three-dimensional shape from image data. While this problem is in general underconstrained, the authors show that it can be simplified in the case where the objects being viewed are generalized cylinders. They consider the class of straight homogeneous generalized cylinders (SHGCs), without any further assumption on the viewing direction or the precise shape of these objects. They present a rigorous mathematical study of the geometry of SHGCs and characterize their Gaussian curvature and occluding contours, and use these results to prove several new invariant properties of the contours of SHGCs. These properties are, in turn, used in two implemented algorithms for recovering SHGC descriptions from image contours. Several examples of segmentation of real images are given. Other applications are also discussed.","doi":"10.1109/34.35498","publicationTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and machine Intelligence","startPage":"951","endPage":"966","rightsLink":"http://***/AppDispatchServlet?publisherName=ieee&publication=0162-8828&title=Invariant+properties+of+straight+homogeneous+generalized+cylinders+and+their+contours&isbn=&publicationDate=Sept.+1989&author=J.+Ponce&ContentID=10.1109/34.35498&orderBeanReset=true&startPage=951&endPage=966&volumeNum=11&issueNum=9","displayPublicationTitle":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and machine Intelligence","pdfPath":"/iel3/34/1478/***","keywords":[{"type":"IEEE Keywords","kwd":["Shape","Layout","Computer vision","Geometry","Solids","image segmentation","Application software","Subcontracting","Orbital robotics"]},{"type":"INSPEC: Controlled Indexing","kwd":["computerised picture processing","computer vision","computerised pattern recognition"]},{"type":"INSPEC: Non-Controlled Indexing","kwd":["segmentation","3D shape recovery","invariant property","computerised picture processing","straight homogeneous generalized cylinders","computer
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