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Conference on Laser Radar technology and Applications IV

作者： Steinvall, O Olsson, H Bolander, G Carlsson, C Letalick, D FOA Def Res Estab Dept Laser Syst SE-58111 Linkoping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0819431818

Gated viewing using short pulse lasers and fast cameras offers many new possibilities in imaging compared with passive EO imaging. Among these we note ranging capability, large target-to-background contrast also in low visibility, good penetration capability trough obscurants and vegetation as well as through shadows in buildings, cars etc. We also note that short wavelength laser systems have better angular resolution than long-wave infrared systems of the same aperture size. This gives an interesting potential of combined IR and laser systems for target detection and classification. Beside military applications civilian applications of gated viewing for search and rescue as well as vehicle enhanced vision and other applications are in progress. This presentation investigates the performance for gated viewing systems during different atmospheric conditions, including obscurants and gives examples of experimental data. The paper also deals with signal processing of gated viewing images for target detection. This is performed in two steps. First, image frames containing information of interest are found. In a second step those frames are investigated further to evaluate if man-made objects are present. In this step a sequence of images (video frames) are set up as a 3-D volume to incorporate spatial information. The object will then be detected using a set of quadrature filters operating on the volume.

关键词： range gating laser radar target detection target recognition image signal processing

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Detecting moving objects in airborne forward looking infra-red sequences

Detecting moving objects in airborne forward looking infra-r...

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IEEE Workshop on Computer Vision Beyond the Visible Spectrum: Methods and Applications

作者： A. Strehl J.K. Aggarwal Computer and Vision Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Technology Austin TX USA

In this paper we propose a system that detects independently moving objects (IMOs) in forward looking infra-red (FLIR) image sequences taken from an airborne, moving platform. Ego-motion effects are removed through a robust multi-scale affine image registration process. Consequently, areas with residual motion indicate object activity. These areas are detected, refined and selected using a Bayes' classifier. The remaining regions are clustered into pairs. Each pair represents an object's front and rear end. Using motion and scene knowledge we estimate object pose and establish a region-of-interest (ROI) for each pair. Edge elements within each ROI are used to segment the convex cover containing the IMO. We show detailed results on real, complex, cluttered and noisy sequences. Moreover, we outline the integration of our robust system into a comprehensive automatic target recognition (ATR) and action classification system.

关键词： Object detection infrared detectors Layout Motion estimation target recognition Motion detection Forward contracts Image sequences Motion analysis Image segmentation

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Three-dimensional obstacle classification in laser range data

Three-dimensional obstacle classification in laser range dat...

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SPIE Conference on infrared technology and Applications XXIV

作者： Armbruster, W Bers, K FGAN FIM Res Inst Informat Proc & Pattern Recognit D-76275 Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819428914

The threat of hostile surveillance and weapon systems require military aircraft to fly under extreme conditions such as low altitude, high speed, poor visibility and incomplete terrain information. The probability of collision with natural and man-made obstacles during such contour missions is high if detection capability is restricted to conventional vision aids. Forward-looking scanning laser rangefinders which are presently being flight tested and evaluated at German proving grounds, provide a possible solution, having a large field of view, high angular and range resolution, a high pulse repetition rate, and sufficient pulse energy to register returns from wires at over 500 m range (depends on the system) with a high hit-and-detect probability. Despite the efficiency of the sensor, acceptance of current obstacle warning systems by test pilots is not very high, mainly due to the systems' inadequacies in obstacle recognition and visualization. This has motivated the development and the testing of a more advanced Sd-scene analysis algorithm at FGAN-FIM to replace the obstacle recognition component of current warning systems. The basic ideas are to increase the recognition probability and to reduce the false alarm rate for hard-to-extract obstacles such as wires, by using more readily recognizable objects such as terrain, poles, pylons, trees, etc., by implementing a hierarchical classification procedure to generate a parametric description of the terrain surface as well as the class, position, orientation, size and shape of all objects in the scene. The algorithms can be used for other applications such as terrain following, autonomous obstacle avoidance, and automatic target recognition.

关键词： obstacle avoidance laser range data scene analysis image understanding hierarchical classification real time image processing

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A knowledge-based infrared search system in complicated IR background

A knowledge-based infrared search system in complicated IR b...

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International Conference on Signal Processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： Zheng Wenlong Tang Xinyi Zhang Yong Wu Changyong Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics The Science Academy of China Shanghai China

This paper describes a knowledge-based infrared (IR) search system for the detection and classification of target formations in IR image sequences in complicated IR backgrounds. The system employs a fast fuzzy-based approach for detecting and recognizing targets, and utilizes some advanced technology such as spatial digital filtering, target acquisition by frame to frame, knowledge-based synthetic decision making, and also uses digital signal processors (DSPs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to construct a real-time parallel processing architecture. The system is capable of automatic multi-target recognition in complicated IR backgrounds. The system processing rate reaches 30 frames per second, with a system response time of less than 1 second.

关键词： infrared detectors infrared imaging Field programmable gate arrays Image sequences target recognition Digital filters Filtering Decision making Digital signal processors Digital signal processing

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Design and tuning of FPGA implementations of neural networks

Design and tuning of FPGA implementations of neural networks

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Conference on Automatic target Recognition VII

作者： Clare, PJC Gulley, JW Hickman, D Smith, MI Central Research Labs. Ltd. (United Kingdom) Pilkington Optronics (United Kingdom)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424846

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithms are applicable in a variety of roles for image processing in infrared Search and Track (IRST) systems. Achieving a high throughput is a key objective in developing ANNs for processing large numbers of pixels at high frame rates. Previous work has investigated the use of a neural core supported by configurable logic to achieve a versatile technology applicable to a variety of systems. The implementation of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) ANNs, using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology to ensure upgradability and reconfigurability, is the focus of this research. Approximations to the MLP algorithms are needed to ensure that a high throughput can be achieved with a sufficiently low gate count.

关键词： infrared search and track neural networks multi-layer perceptrons throughput gate count pixel processing field programmable gate array target detection target classification

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IRST: a key system in modern warfare

IRST: a key system in modern warfare

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infrared technology and Applications XXIII Conference

作者： Missirian, JM Ducruet, L SAGEM SA (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424765

A naval Infra Red Search and Track (IRST) system is a passive surveillance device capable of detecting and tracking air and surface threats in the region where electromagnetic sensors are less efficient, typically within a few degrees around the horizon, The evolution in Anti Ship Sea skimming Missiles performances has outlined the benefit that can be gained from infrared systems in ship self-defense. The complementary nature of radar and IRST systems can also be exploited to full advantage in the field of multisensor data fusion. The combined use of radar and infrared secures the detection by redundancy of data;it substantially enhances target tracking, classification and identification and reduces the combat system's reaction time. Designing an IRST implies matching technical choices with operational requirements, and this under increasingly stringent cost constraints. This paper first reminds the benefits that can be obtained with an IRST system in the context of modern naval warfare then retraces the evolutions from the first generation IRST systems, such as VAMPIR, to the second-generation systems now entering service. A general presentation of the current SAGEM SA IRST family is also made for naval, air and ground-based applications.

关键词： naval IRST airborne IRST land-based IRST ASSM ship self-defense detection tracking VAMPIR

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Spectral imaging applications: Remote sensing, environmental monitoring, medicine, military operations, factory automation and manufacturing.

Spectral imaging applications: Remote sensing, environmental...

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25th AIPR Workshop on Emerging Applications of Computer Vision

作者： Gat, N Subramanian, S Barhen, J Toomarian, NB Opto-Knowledge Systems Inc. (United States) Oak Ridge National Lab. (United States) Jet Propulsion Lab. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423661

This paper reviews the activities at OKSI related to imaging spectroscopy presenting current and future applications of the technology. We discuss the development of several systems including hardware, signal processing, data classification algorithms and benchmarking techniques to determine algorithm performance. Signal processing for each application is tailored by incorporating the phenomenology appropriate to the process, into the algorithms. Pixel signatures are classified using techniques such as principal component analyses, generalized eigenvalue analysis and novel very fast neural network methods. The major hyperspectral imaging systems developed at OKSI include the Intelligent Missile Seeker (IMS) demonstration project for real-time target/decoy discrimination, and the Thermal infrared Imaging Spectrometer (TIRIS) for detection and tracking of toxic plumes and gases. In addition, systems for applications in medical photodiagnosis, manufacturing technology, and for crop monitoring are also under development.

关键词： imaging spectroscopy multispectral hyperspectral applications sensors algorithms medical imaging remote sensing crop monitoring machine vision infrared spectral unmixing classification phenomenology

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target recognition, identification and tracking using real and synthetic IR imagery

Target recognition, identification and tracking using real a...

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22nd infrared technology and Applications Conference

作者： Pentecost, HTA Rogoyski, AM McCann, DR Maurice, AJ DEF RES AGCY SEVENOAKS TN14 7BPKENTENGLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819421251

In the development of automatic target detection (ATD) and automatic target recognition/identification (ATR/I) systems, the issue of image data is commonly given inadequate consideration. All too often a poorly managed collection of real data, or unrealistic synthetic data is used during development, resulting in a loss of performance when used in the field with imagery having different characteristics. Some of the most promising approaches to ATD and ATR/I, such as neural networks, are particularly susceptible to this problem due to their direct dependence on the training data. This paper highlights the issues involved, with reference to a generic detection and classification approach and to the use of real and synthetic infra-red imagery at the Defence Research Agency at Fort Halstead in the United Kingdom.

关键词： Image segmentation Neural networks Image classification target recognition Feature extraction Image processing target detection Data acquisition Defense and security infrared imaging

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Hybrid system for automatic target recognition

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1994年 2269卷 280-291页

作者： Eustache, Erik Gingras, Denis J. Poussart, Denis Natl. Optics Inst. St.e-Foy PQ Can

ISBN: (纸本)0819415936;9780819415936

A hybrid system is proposed for automatic target recognition. The system developed consists of an optical module and an electronic/computer module. The electronic module uses a DatacubeTM image processing system to carry out real-time filtering, detection, and segmentation operations. The optical module is composed of two LCTVs (liquid crystal television), a He-Ne laser, a collimator, and a CCD camera. This module calculates specific energy spectra in the Fourier plane of a potential target identified by the electronic module. These values are fed in a neural network implemented on Sun SPARC 10TM model 41 for the classification of the current target. Experimental results involving special classes of target and their distribution in the features space are presented.

关键词： Pattern recognition

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COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS FOR THERMAL IMAGING INSTRUMENTS, AN UPDATE

COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS FOR THERMAL IMAGING INSTRUMENTS, AN ...

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20th infrared technology Conference

作者： KAPLAN, H HONEYHILL TECHN CO NORWALKCT 06855

ISBN: (纸本)0819415936

infrared thermal imaging instruments were originally developed by the military for passive night vision and surveillance and, subsequently, found applications in weapons aiming and target tracking. Commercial applications for this technology dictate different rules and place different emphasis on instrument configuration and performance characteristics. This paper begins with a performance comparison between military night vision systems and typical commercial imaging radiometers, including packaging, configuration and features. An overview classification of recent and current commercial applications follows, including a more detailed description of a few of the more unusual and innovative solutions. Finally, a glimpse of the near future is offered, based on the most recent developments in detector/technology, equipment packaging and imaging diagnostic software.

关键词： Thermography Imaging systems infrared imaging Staring arrays infrared radiation Sensors Temperature metrology Lamps target detection Radiometry

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