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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXV - algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Theisen, Bernard L. USA Tank Automotive Res Ctr Dev & Engn Warren MI 48397 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469243

The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of three, unmanned systems, student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) in the 1990s. The IGVC is a multidisciplinary exercise in product realization that challenges college engineering student teams to integrate advanced control theory, machine vision, vehicular electronics, and mobile platform fundamentals to design and build an unmanned system. Teams from around the world focus on developing a suite of dual-use technologies to equip ground vehicles of the future with intelligent driving capabilities. Over the past 15 years, the competition has challenged undergraduate, graduate and Ph.D. students with real world applications in intelligent transportation systems, the military and manufacturing automation. To date, teams from over 50 universities and colleges have participated. This paper describes some of the applications of the technologies required by this competition and discusses the educational benefits. The primary goal of the IGVC is to advance engineering education in intelligent vehicles and related technologies. The employment and professional networking opportunities created for students and industrial sponsors through a series of technical events over the four-day competition are highlighted. Finally, an assessment of the competition based on participation is presented.

关键词： intelligent robots autonomous systems ground vehicles engineering education IGVC

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Establishing joint goals through observation

Establishing joint goals through observation

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XVI - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： VanWie, M Univ. of Rochester (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426407

When interacting with intelligent agents, it is vital to understand something of their intentions. Agents' itentions provide context in spoken dialog, help to define their future plans (and thus actions), and reveal information about their beliefs. We propose a method by which agents' intentions are inferred by observing their actions. Explicit communication among agents is not permitted. The joint intentions framework(1) specifies the behaviors and obligations of agents that share in a cooperative intention. Our work focuses on the creation of such joint intentions through observation and plan recognition. The plan recognition structure uses Bayes Nets to reason from observations to actions, and Hidden Markov Models to reason from sequences of actions to intent.

关键词： intelligent agents

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Modelling the positioning accuracy of sensor-based robots

Modelling the positioning accuracy of sensor-based robots

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XVI - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Jarviluoma, M Heikkila, T VTT Automation Machine Automation FIN-90571 Oulu P.O. Box 13023 Finland

ISBN: (纸本)0819426407

This paper describes a method for expressing and manipulating position and orientation uncertainty in sensor-based robotics. The goal is to formulate a computational framework where the effects of accumulating uncertainties, originating from internal and external sensors, are shown as uncertainties in tool frame positions and orientations. The described method is based on using covariance matrices of position and orientation parameters. The used orientation parameters are xyz Euler angles. There are three different forms of spatial uncertainty and uncertainty manipulation involves transformations between these forms. These transformations are done by using linearisation around nominal relations. Paper presents the basic formulas for these transformations and also three calculation examples.

关键词： spatial uncertainty intelligent robotics sensor fusion

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A PROJECT ORIENTED APPROACH TO THE TEACHING OF MACHINE PERCEPTION

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION 1993年第4期36卷 380-383页

作者： MYLER, HR Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA

Advanced courses in the areas of Machine Perception and Machine Intelligence are not easy to prepare or conduct due to the dynamic research nature of the field. In engineering, our interest is in the construction of intelligent machines in the form of robotic devices or through computer simulation models. Studies in this area are further complicated by the broad range of disciplines that must be accessed in order to provide adequate coverage. This discussion focuses on a set of computer simulation projects that have been assigned at various times during offerings of an advanced graduate level course entitled Machine Perception. The format of the projects are presented with discussion of student results. The projects were novel in that they require advanced techniques of machine vision and are open-ended in that there are no specific solutions. The problems represent the mainstream of machine perception research without requiring more effort than is possible in a one semester course. Students responded with algorithms developed in a variety of computer languages and on various machines.

关键词： Education Humans Machine vision Machine intelligence Signal detection Information processing Layout intelligent robots computer simulation Image analysis

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ON WAVELET IMAGE REPRESENTATION AND APPLICATIONS IN computer vision 12

ON WAVELET IMAGE REPRESENTATION AND APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTER...

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12th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： FARAG, AA WANG, B UNIV LOUISVILLE DEPT ENGN MATH & COMP SCILOUISVILLEKY 40292

ISBN: (纸本)0819413208

In this paper, a number of spatial/spatial-frequency image representations are reviewed. Wavelets have recently generated much interest, both in applied areas as well as in more theoretical ones. Wavelet tranlorm relative to some basic wavelets, provides aflexible time-frequency window which automatically narrows when observing high frequency phenomena and widens when studying lowfrequency environments. As a result, it is suitablefor visual information representation. Applications in computer vision such as image compression and image enhancement are examined. © 1993 SPIE.

关键词： Image representation

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Visual world perception modeling and control of cooperative mobile robots

Visual world perception modeling and control of cooperative ...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXI

作者： Shirkhodaie, A Tennessee State Univ Intelligent Tact Mobil Res Lab Dept Mech & Mfg Engn Nashville TN 37209 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945155X

There has been a great interest in the recent years in visual coordination and target tracking for mobile robots cooperating in unstructured environments. This paper describes visual servo control techniques suitable for intelligent task planning of cooperative robots operating in unstructured environment. In this paper, we have considered a team of semi-autonomous robots controlled by a remote supervisory control system. We have presented an algorithm for visual position tracking of individual cooperative robots within their working environment. Initially, we present a technique suitable for visual servoing of a robot toward its landmark targets. Secondly, we present an image-processing technique that utilizes images from a remote surveillance camera for localization of the robots within the operational environment. In this algorithm, the surveillance camera can be either stationary or mobile. The supervisor control system keeps tracks of relative locations of individual robots and utilizes relative coordinate information of the robots to plan their cooperative activities. We presented some results of this research effort that illustrates effectiveness of the proposed algorithms for cooperative robotic systems visual team working and target tracking.

关键词： world perception modeling cooperative robots robot pose estimation

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Model-based human face recognition in intelligent vision

Model-based human face recognition in intelligent vision

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XV: algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Cai, DF Liang, HY Wang, XW Chen, JF Institute of Electronics (China)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423068

The face recognition, one of the most important ability of intelligent vision, are discussed in this paper. A new idea of model-based processing are presented. The algorithms of face modeling, global matching and fine matching, and feature points extraction etc. are given Finally, a rapid and robust scheme for human face recognition are resulted.

关键词： face recognition intelligent vision model-based modeling feature points extraction

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Best viewpoints for active vision classification and pose estimation

Best viewpoints for active vision classification and pose es...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XVI - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Sipe, MA Casasent, D Carnegie Mellon Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426407

We advance new active computer vision algorithms that classify objects and estimate their pose from intensity images. Our algorithms automatically re-position the sensor if the class or pose of an object is ambiguous in a given image and incorporate data from multiple object views in determining the final object classification A feature space trajectory (PST) in a global eigenfeature space is used to represent 3-D distorted views of an object. Assuming that an observed feature vector consists of Gaussian noise added to a point on the FST, we derive a probability density function (PDF) for the observation conditioned on the class and pose of the object. Bayesian estimation and hypothesis testing theory are then used to derive approximations to the maximum a posteriori probability pose estimate and the minimum probability of error classifier. New confidence measures for the class and pose estimates: derived using Bayes theory, determine when additional observations are required as well as where the sensor should be positioned to provide the most useful information.

关键词： active vision Bayesian estimation object recognition object representation pose estimation

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Image segmentation using Gaussian curvature

Image segmentation using Gaussian curvature

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIV - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Shrikhande, N Ramaswamy, S CENT MICHIGAN UNIV DEPT COMP SCIMT PLEASANTMI 48859

ISBN: (纸本)0819419524

One of the central problems of computer vision is segmentation of images into salient features such as edges and surfaces. Different kinds of similarity criteria can be used to group related pixels together. One such criterion is the curvature of surfaces in an image of a multiobject scene that contains several objects with different shapes. In practice, however, curvature is difficult to calculate because small amount of noise can cause large amounts of errors in calculations of first and second derivatives. In this paper, we use a discrete approximation of Gaussian curvature that is efficient to compute. The approximation is used to segment the image into individual surfaces. Both synthetic and real images have been tested. Results appear quite encouraging.

关键词： Image segmentation Visual process modeling Data modeling Software development computer vision technology Image processing algorithms and systems Machine vision Object recognition Reliability Visualization

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Single-camera stereo vision for obstacle detection in mobile robots

Single-camera stereo vision for obstacle detection in mobile...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXV - algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Lovegrove, William Brame, Ben Bob Jones Univ Greenville SC 29607 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469243

Stereo vision is attractive for autonomous mobile robot navigation, but the cost and complexity of stereo camera systems and the computational requirements make full stereo vision impractical. A novel optical system allows the capture of a pair of short, wide stereo images from a single camera, which are then processed to detect vertical edges and infer obstacle positions and locations within the planar field of view, providing real-time obstacle detection. Our optical system involves a pair of right-angle prisms stacked vertically, splitting the camera field of view vertically in half. Right angle mirrors on either side redirect the image forward but at a horizontally displaced location, creating two virtual cameras. Tilting these mirrors provides an overlapping image area. Alternately, tilting the prisms produces the same effect. This image area is wide but not very tall. However, in a mobile robot scenario the majority of obstacles of interest intersect this field of view.

关键词： stereo single camera mobile robots obstacle detection computer vision

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