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检索条件"任意字段=Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXIII: Algorithms, Techniques, and Active Vision"

共 753 条记录，以下是151-160 订阅

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A target detection method in multimodal images with complex backgrounds and different views

A target detection method in multimodal images with complex ...

引用

IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging

作者： He, Zhixiang Ding, Xiaoqing State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484154

Target detection in multimodal (multisensor) images is a difficult problem especially with the impact of different views and the complex backgrounds. In this paper, we propose a target detection method based on ground region matching and spatial constraints to solve it. First, the extrinsic parameters of camera are used to transform the images to reduce the impact of viewpoints differences. Then the stable ground object regions are extracted by MSER. Those regions are used to build a graph model to describe the reference image with spatial constraints to reduce the impact of multimodal and complex backgrounds. At last, the ground region matching and the model registration with sensed images are used to find the target. Using this method, we overcome those difficulties and obtain a satisfied experiment result;the final detection rate is 94.34% in our data set of visible reference images in top views and infrared sensed images in side views. © 2011 SPIE-IS&T.

关键词： Graph theory

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Reexamining Lucas-Kanade method for real-time independent motion detection: Application to the iCub humanoid robot

Reexamining Lucas-Kanade method for real-time independent mo...

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2011 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on intelligent robots and Systems

作者： Carlo Ciliberto Ugo Pattacini Lorenzo Natale Francesco Nori Giorgio Metta Robotics Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department Italian Institute of Technology Genova Italy

Visual motion is a simple yet powerful cue widely used by biological systems to improve their perception and adaptation to the environment. Examples of tasks that greatly benefit from the ability to detect movement are object segmentation, 3D scene reconstruction and control of attention. In computer vision several algorithms for computing visual motion and optic flow exist. However their application in robotics is not straightforward as in these platforms visual motion is often dominated by (self) motion produced by the movement of the robot (egomotion) making it difficult to disambiguate between motion induced by the scene dynamics or by the own actions of the robot. Independent motion detection is an active field in computer vision and robotics, however approaches in this area typically require that some models of both the environment and the robot visual system are available and are hardly suitable for real-time control. In this paper we describe the motionCUT, a derivation of the Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm that allows detecting moving objects, irrespectively of the egomotion produced by the robot. Our method is purely visual and does not require information other than the images coming from the cameras. As such it can be easily adapted to any robotic platform. The system was tested on a stereo tracking task on the iCub humanoid robot, demonstrating that the algorithm performs well and can easily execute in real-time.

关键词： Optical imaging robots Adaptive optics Head Cameras Tracking Optical computing

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Augmented virtuality based immersive telepresence for control of mining robots

Augmented virtuality based immersive telepresence for contro...

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International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and intelligent Informatics, ISCIII

作者： Karthik Mahesh Varadarajan Markus Vincze Automation and Control Institute (ACIN) Technical University of Vienna (TU Wien) Vienna Austria

Vast mineral resources of precious metals such as gold remain trapped and unexploited due to the lack of economical and practical means of exploration. This requires the development of alternate exploitation techniques. Mining robots form a significant alternative to convention mining techniques. However, there are several practical limitations that make such systems difficult to implement in practice. The primary hurdle in realizing such systems is the difficulty in tele-operating the robot under high latency conditions, which is typical of mining of environments. This is further compounded by poor representation of the environment, resulting in reduced situational awareness. The latency in tele-operation can be caused by numerous factors - system latency, compression scheme, communication protocols, constraints on bandwidth, channel contention, poor line of sight and display overhead. This is typically countered by reduction of frame rate or display resolution or quality. This further affects remote navigation of the robot. Non-holistic scene displays further degrade situational perception. This is intricately tied to the effectiveness of the Operator Control Unit (OCU). Besides, improvements in these capabilities without any vehicle intelligence do little in reducing the operator task-load. In this paper, we present the design of a novel augmented virtuality based visualization and operator interface unit along supported by vehicular intelligence, which are targeted at overcoming the above issues. These design considerations and presented algorithms are expected to form the foundation of next generation mining robots.

关键词： Cameras Robot vision systems Rendering (computer graphics) Robot kinematics Vehicles

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Fast Correspondence of Unrectified Stereo Images using Genetic Algorithm and Spline Representation

Fast Correspondence of Unrectified Stereo Images using Genet...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Tippetts, Beau Lee, Dah Jye Archibald, James Brigham Young Univ Provo UT 84602 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

Spline representations have been successfully used with a genetic algorithm to determine a disparity map for stereo image pairs. This paper describes work to modify the genetic spline algorithm to use a version of the genetic algorithm with small populations and few generations, previously referred to as "Tiny GAs", to allow algorithm implementations to achieve real-time performance. The algorithm was also targeted at unrectified stereo image pairs to reduce preprocessing making it more suitable for real-time performance. To ensure disparity map quality is preserved, the two dimensional nature of images is maintained to leverage persistent information instead of representing the images as 1-D signals as suggested in the orignal genetic spline algorithm. Experimental results are given of this modified algorithm using unrectified images.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Detection and tracking algorithms Visual process modeling Genetics Computing systems Stereo vision systems Cameras Visualization computer vision technology Machine vision

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Predictive vision from stereo video: Robust object detection for autonomous navigation using the Unscented Kalman Filter on streaming stereo images

Predictive vision from stereo video: Robust object detection...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Rosselot, Donald Aull, Mark Hall, Ernest L. Univ Cincinnati Sch Dynam Syst Ctr Robot Res Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A predictive object detection algorithm was developed to investigate the practicality of using advanced filtering on stereo vision object detection algorithms such as the X-H Map. Obstacle detection with stereo vision is inherently noisy and non linear. This paper describes the X-H Map algorithm and details a method of improving the accuracy with the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The significance of this work is that it details a method of stereo vision object detection and concludes that the UKF is a relevant method of filtering that improves the robustness of obstacle detection given noisy inputs. This method of integrating the UKF for use in stereo vision is suitable for any standard stereo vision algorithm that is based on pixel matching (stereo correspondence) from disparity maps.

关键词： Autonomous navigation Unscented Kalman Filter stereo vision XH-map algorithm Disparity Map

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The 17TH Annual intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition: intelligent robots Built by intelligent Students

The 17TH Annual Intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition: Inte...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Theisen, Bernard L. USA TARDEC Warren MI 48397 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

The intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) is one of four unmanned systems student competitions that were founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI). The IGVC is a multidisciplinary exercise in product realization that challenges college engineering student teams to integrate advanced control theory, machine vision, vehicular electronics and mobile platform fundamentals to design and build an unmanned ground vehicle. Teams from around the world focus on developing a suite of dual-use technologies to equip their system of the future with intelligent driving capabilities. Over the past 17 years, the competition has challenged undergraduate, graduate and Ph.D. students with real world applications in intelligent transportation systems, the military and manufacturing automation. To date, teams from over 70 universities and colleges have participated. This paper describes some of the applications of the technologies required by this competition and discusses the educational benefits. The primary goal of the IGVC is to advance engineering education in intelligent vehicles and related technologies. The employment and professional networking opportunities created for students and industrial sponsors through a series of technical events over the four-day competition are highlighted. Finally, an assessment of the competition based on participation is presented.

关键词： intelligent robots autonomous systems ground vehicles engineering education IGVC

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Synchronizing real and predicted synthetic video imagery for localization of a robot to a 3D environment

Synchronizing real and predicted synthetic video imagery for...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Lyons, Damian M. Chaudhry, Sirhan Benjamin, D. Paul Fordham Univ Robot & Comp Lab Bronx NY 10458 USA PACE Univ Dept Comp Sci New York NY 10023 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A mobile robot moving in an environment in which there are other moving objects and active agents, some of which may represent threats and some of which may represent collaborators, needs to be able to reason about the potential future behaviors of those objects and agents. In previous work, we presented an approach to tracking targets with complex behavior, leveraging a 3D simulation engine to generate predicted imagery and comparing that against real imagery. We introduced an approach to compare real and simulated imagery using an affine image transformation that maps the real scene to the synthetic scene in a robust fashion. In this paper, we present an approach to continually synchronize the real and synthetic video by mapping the affine transformation yielded by the real/synthetic image comparison to a new pose for the synthetic camera. We show a series of results for pairs of real and synthetic scenes containing objects including similar and different scenes.

关键词： Cognitive robotics robot simulation synthetic video motion detection computer vision robot localization

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Improved single-camera stereo system for mobile robotics

Improved single-camera stereo system for mobile robotics

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Lovegrove, William P. McGary, Patrick D. Austin, Kelly Bob Jones Univ Greenville SC 29614 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A single-camera stereo vision system offers a greatly simplified approach to image capture and analysis. In the original study by Lovegrove and Brame, they proposed a novel optical system that uses a single camera to capture two short, wide stereo images that can then be analyzed for real-time obstacle detection. In this paper, further analysis and refinement of the optical design results in two virtual cameras with perfectly parallel central axes. A new prototype camera design provides experimental verification of the analysis and also provides insight into practical construction. The experimental device showed that the virtual cameras' axes possessed a deviation from parallel of less than 12 minutes (or 0.2 degrees). The calculation of distances to objects from the two overlapping images all showed errors smaller than the pixel resolution limitation. In addition, a barrel lens correction was used in processing the image to allow parallax distance determination in the whole horizontal view of the images.

关键词： stereo vision single camera stereo pair mobile robot obstacle detection computer vision

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The Design and Results of an Algorithm for intelligent Ground Vehicles

The Design and Results of an Algorithm for Intelligent Groun...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Duncan, Matthew Milam, Justin Tote, Caleb Riggins, Robert N. Bluefield State Coll Bluefield WV USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

This paper addresses the design, design method, test platform, and test results of an algorithm used in autonomous navigation for intelligent vehicles. The Bluefield State College (BSC) team created this algorithm for its 2009 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC) robot called Anassa V. The BSC robotics team is comprised of undergraduate computer science, engineering technology, marketing students, and one robotics faculty advisor. The team has participated in IGVC since the year 2000. A major part of the design process that the BSC team uses each year for IGVC is a fully documented "Post-IGVC Analysis." Over the nine years since 2000, the lessons the students learned from these analyses have resulted in an ever-improving, highly successful autonomous algorithm. The algorithm employed in Anassa V is a culmination of past successes and new ideas, resulting in Anassa V earning several excellent IGVC 2009 performance awards, including third place overall. The paper will discuss all aspects of the design of this autonomous robotic system, beginning with the design process and ending with test results for both simulation and real environments.

关键词： Robot intelligent Ground Vehicle Sensor Integration vision System Mapping IGVC Path Planning

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Engineering Robust intelligent robots

Engineering Robust Intelligent Robots

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Hall, E. L. Ali, S. M. Alhaj Ghaffari, M. Liao, X. Cao, M. Univ Cincinnati Ctr Robot Res Cincinnati OH 45221 USA Hashemite Univ Jordanstown North Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the challenge of engineering robust intelligent robots. Robust intelligent robots may be considered as ones that not only work in one environment but rather in all types of situations and conditions. Our past work has described sensors for intelligent robots that permit adaptation to changes in the environment. We have also described the combination of these sensors with a "creative controller" that permits adaptive critic, neural network learning, and a dynamic database that permits task selection and criteria adjustment. However, the emphasis of this paper is on engineering solutions which are designed for robust operations and worst case situations such as day night cameras or rain and snow solutions. This ideal model may be compared to various approaches that have been implemented on "production vehicles and equipment" using Ethernet, CAN Bus and JAUS architectures and to modern, embedded, mobile computing architectures. Many prototype intelligent robots have been developed and demonstrated in terms of scientific feasibility but few have reached the stage of a robust engineering solution. Continual innovation and improvement are still required. The significance of this comparison is that it provides some insights that may be useful in designing future robots for various manufacturing, medical, and defense applications where robust and reliable performance is essential.

关键词： intelligent robots robust engineering eclecticism creative control reinforcement learning adaptive critic

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