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检索条件"任意字段=Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVI: Algorithms and Techniques"

共 691 条记录，以下是621-630 订阅

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ROBUST OBJECT DETECTION UNDER VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS

ROBUST OBJECT DETECTION UNDER VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIO...

引用

CONF ON intelligent robots AND computer vision 10 : algorithms AND techniques

作者： MAEDA, E ISHII, K NTT Human Interface Labs. (Japan)

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

We present a method which is robust to environmental conditions, that detects the existence of space filling objects such as cars, people, etc. This method is unaffected by uniform or local variations in image brightness induced by lighting conditions, weather, shadow of other objects such as buildings, trees, clouds, etc. Moreover, it does not depend on the position, size, or background pattern of the regions, or the shapes and color of the objects to be detected. The method consists of the following processes. Normalize brightness of the target and the reference image using mean and variance of the brightness in respective regions. The reference image is the image which represents the background scene without objects and is taken from the same camera position as the target images. Calculate normalized principal component features from both sets of normalized image brightness. Use the features to construct a classifier by statistical learning. The proposed features are determined by the variance and covariance of brightness of both images. They are a better measure of the correspondence of two images than conventional features such as the correlation coefficient of image brightness or statistics calculated from a difference image. The method is applied to car detection in a parking lot. The experimental images were collected over a one year period under various conditions. At least 98% of the cars were always correctly detected. Application to moving-car detection and person detection in a hall are presented. Since the proposed algorithm for object detection is robust under various environmental conditions and is object independent, it is well suited to a wide range of facilities offering automatic surveillance, automatic counting, automatic recognition of scene situation, etc.

关键词： Detection and tracking algorithms Machine vision Environmental sensing robots Robot vision computer vision technology Mahalanobis distance Cameras Error analysis Infrared imaging

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REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE vision SERVOING OF A ROBOTIC MANIPULATOR

REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE VISION SERVOING OF A ROBOTIC MANIPULATOR

引用

11TH CONF ON intelligent robots AND computer vision : algorithms, techniques, AND ACTIVE vision

作者： HOUSHANGI, N Purdue Univ./Calumet (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819410268

To make robotic manipulators function intelligently in an application such as flexible manufacturing, sensory feedback from an unknown environment is needed. Visual feedback represents a typical sensing system in which camera images provide feedback information, for instance, in grasping a moving object. Because image processing is time consuming, information about target position can not be obtained instantaneously for the controller. Because of the inherent time delay, the present and future position of the object has to be predicted in real-time. Since the dynamics of the objects are assumed to be unknown, the prediction will be accomplished by means of an auto-regressive discrete-time model. The predicted values and current end-effector position determine the desired trajectory point (subgoal) for the motion. The planner adapts on-line to changes in the target position. The desired trajectory is tracked by the end-effector controller. After grasping the object, problems may arise in controlling the motion of the manipulator due to the mass of the object attached to the gripper. An adaptive controller is proposed to deal with load uncertainty in the object. A simulation program is presented which demonstrates the task of grasping a moving object by a manipulator using visual feedback.

关键词： Robotics Visualization Cameras computer simulations Environmental sensing Image processing Manufacturing Motion models Sensing systems Sensors

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MACHINE SHAPE PERCEPTION - OBJECT RECOGNITION BASED ON NEED-DRIVEN RESOLUTION FLEXIBILITY AND CONVEX-HULL CARVING

MACHINE SHAPE PERCEPTION - OBJECT RECOGNITION BASED ON NEED-...

引用

CONF ON intelligent robots AND computer vision 10 : algorithms AND techniques

作者： YEN, S KONDRASKE, G Univ. of Texas/Arlington (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

A hierarchical shape decomposition method called Convex-Hull Carving, derived from Sklansky's Concavity Tree and designed to accommodate the incorporation of human flexible resolution visual perception strategies in machine recognition, is proposed. The method characterizes an arbitrary complex shape at multiple hierarchical levels starting from a gross perspective of the entire shape itself, and progressing to decomposed and quantified convex sub-shapes, etc. Calculation complexity and the amount of data to be processed for object recognition applications are reduced. Sklansky's Concavity Tree is a hierarchical arrangement for describing nonconvex shapes. The concavity tree of a shape is defined as a tree describing the hierarchical arrangement of concavities; i.e., concavities within concavities. In the proposed Convex-Hull Carving method, the concavity tree structure is converted to a structure analogous to a chemical molecule. Tree components represent the `atoms' of the molecule and are characterized by their geometric position and a recently defined quantitative shape attribute called the shape quantifier. In addition, the number of hierarchical levels of shape description employed during recognition is driven by: (1) meeting `need to discriminate' criteria; or (2) the determination that all components (`atoms') are convex within predefined acceptance criteria (i.e., no further reduction is possible). The method was implemented to classify a set of two-dimensional aircraft shapes. Results showed that the method is stable with variation of rotation, scaling, and image resolution factors, as well as small viewing angle projection changes.

关键词： Computing systems Image resolution computer vision technology Robot vision robots Object recognition Visual process modeling Molecules Chemical species Data processing

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Assessment of the performance of computer vision algorithms and parallel architectures (Manuscript Only)

Assessment of the performance of computer vision algorithms ...

引用

intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Sardana, H.K. Ibrahim, Mohammad K. Daemi, M.F. Univ. of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

The performance of the existing algorithms is generally assessed without any considerations to the architecture or technology that would be used for implementation. In many instances, the performance of the algorithms is degraded when they are implemented on a specific architecture. To date no formal assessment method exists that considers the effect of implementation constraints on the performance of the algorithms. In this investigation, the authors present a novel structured approach that can be used in assessing suitability of implementing algorithms on a specific architecture and in the comparison of performance of different architectures. The performance is measured in terms of a figure of merit that combines both accuracy of results and implementation efficiency. Some special considerations are mentioned that can further enhance the performance.

关键词： computer vision

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Implementing an integrated approach to planning and reaction

Implementing an integrated approach to planning and reaction

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Lyons, Damian M. Hendriks, Antonius J. Philips Labs. Briarcliff Manor NY USA

The ability to act flexibly in an uncertain and dynamic environment is one of the key objectives of robotics. In previous work, we described an approach to this problem which we called the planner-reactor approach. Th... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

关键词： robots, Industrial

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Observability and identifiability problems in perspective systems: a new approach to computer vision

Observability and identifiability problems in perspective sy...

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Ghosh, Bijoy K. Wu, Yaw-Tyng Washington Univ. St. Louis MO USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

Motivated from problems in computer vision, in this paper we introduce a new class of problems in system theory, which we call, perspective problems in system theory. The word perspective is derived from vision problems wherein feature points on an object are assumed to be projected perspectively on a screen during the process of imaging. Consequently, the basic problem of perspective system theory that we consider in this paper is to observe the initial condition or to identify the parameters of a dynamical system with the aid of a perspective observation function. Based on this concept, we present a new approach for solving the problem from point and line correspondence.

关键词： computer vision

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Markov/Gibbs modeling: texture and temperature

Markov/Gibbs modeling: texture and temperature

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Picard, Rosalind W. Pentland, Alexander P. Media Lab./MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

Markov/Gibbs random fields have been used for posing a variety of computer vision and image processing problems. Many of these problems are then solved using a simulated annealing type of method which involves the varying of the temperature, a scale parameter for the model. In this paper we analyze the effect of temperature on random field texture patterns. We obtain new results relating structure in the texture co-occurrence matrix to temperature. We also show the existence of multiple transition temperatures which delimit regions of different bandwidth in the co-occurrence matrix, and hence can be used to control pattern formation.

关键词： computer vision

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Three-dimensional image segmentation and recognition in an intelligent vision system

Three-dimensional image segmentation and recognition in an i...

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Zhu, Dongping Conners, Richard W. Araman, Philip A. Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. Foster City CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

Research is underway to apply computerized tomography (CT) imaging to hardwood log inspection in the forest products industry. For this purpose, an intelligent vision system is being created that is aimed at locating, identifying, and quantifying the internal defects inside logs by analyzing their CT image data. This inspection system is designed to be wood species independent. It is composed of three components: a CT scanner-based data acquisition system;a low-level module for image segmentation;and a high-level module for defect recognition. Defect quantification is attained by computing the volume and orientation of each defect. This paper discusses the problems of segmenting CT image sequence and 3-D object detection by a rule-based expert system approach. Experimental results with real-world images of different hardwood log species are provided to show the usefulness, efficacy, and robustness of the proposed inspection system. This allows solutions to hardwood log inspection, as well as to problems in other nondestructive testing applications where image analysis plays an important role.

关键词： computer vision

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computer-assisted warehouse personnel scheduling

Computer-assisted warehouse personnel scheduling

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Parker, Sandra C. Malstrom, Eric M. Usmani, Tariq Univ. of Arkansas Fayettville AR USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

A decision support system is developed for personnel scheduling in a multiple warehouse environment. The system incorporates current manpower level, historical data of workers used, empirical load distributions, and performance standards to generate manpower requirements for a specified planning horizon. The software has been developed to be easily adaptable to varying situational details, therefore is widely applicable in different warehouse settings. The system offers personnel managers a valuable tool for evaluating alternative schedules and making intelligent decisions regarding personnel scheduling in warehouses.

关键词： Personnel

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Perceptual grouping and the Hough transform

Perceptual grouping and the Hough transform

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intelligent robots and computer vision X: algorithms and techniques

作者： Gillies, Duncan F. Khan, Gul N. Imperial Coll. of Science Technology and Medicine London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)0819407445

A modification of the Hough transform has been devised and tested. It incorporates a post processing stage in which the voting edge points are tested according to perceptual criteria. The perceptual criteria are derived from the Gestalt psychologists work in characterizing the human vision system and include similarity in intensity, similarity in color, good boundary continuity, etc. Edge points which fail on these criteria are eliminated before the final vote in the Hough transform is taken. The method allows weak, but perceptually significant, information to be retained, even in the presence of noise. The method has been applied to the detection of curved boundaries in images of the human colon.

关键词： computer vision

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