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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XV: algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Cai, DF Liang, HY Wang, XW Chen, JF Institute of Electronics (China)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423068

The face recognition, one of the most important ability of intelligent vision, are discussed in this paper. A new idea of model-based processing are presented. The algorithms of face modeling, global matching and fine matching, and feature points extraction etc. are given Finally, a rapid and robust scheme for human face recognition are resulted.

关键词： face recognition intelligent vision model-based modeling feature points extraction

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Best viewpoints for active vision classification and pose estimation

Best viewpoints for active vision classification and pose es...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XVI - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Sipe, MA Casasent, D Carnegie Mellon Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426407

We advance new active computer vision algorithms that classify objects and estimate their pose from intensity images. Our algorithms automatically re-position the sensor if the class or pose of an object is ambiguous in a given image and incorporate data from multiple object views in determining the final object classification A feature space trajectory (PST) in a global eigenfeature space is used to represent 3-D distorted views of an object. Assuming that an observed feature vector consists of Gaussian noise added to a point on the FST, we derive a probability density function (PDF) for the observation conditioned on the class and pose of the object. Bayesian estimation and hypothesis testing theory are then used to derive approximations to the maximum a posteriori probability pose estimate and the minimum probability of error classifier. New confidence measures for the class and pose estimates: derived using Bayes theory, determine when additional observations are required as well as where the sensor should be positioned to provide the most useful information.

关键词： active vision Bayesian estimation object recognition object representation pose estimation

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Image segmentation using Gaussian curvature

Image segmentation using Gaussian curvature

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XIV - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Shrikhande, N Ramaswamy, S CENT MICHIGAN UNIV DEPT COMP SCIMT PLEASANTMI 48859

ISBN: (纸本)0819419524

One of the central problems of computer vision is segmentation of images into salient features such as edges and surfaces. Different kinds of similarity criteria can be used to group related pixels together. One such criterion is the curvature of surfaces in an image of a multiobject scene that contains several objects with different shapes. In practice, however, curvature is difficult to calculate because small amount of noise can cause large amounts of errors in calculations of first and second derivatives. In this paper, we use a discrete approximation of Gaussian curvature that is efficient to compute. The approximation is used to segment the image into individual surfaces. Both synthetic and real images have been tested. Results appear quite encouraging.

关键词： Image segmentation Visual process modeling Data modeling Software development computer vision technology Image processing algorithms and systems Machine vision Object recognition Reliability Visualization

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Single-camera stereo vision for obstacle detection in mobile robots

Single-camera stereo vision for obstacle detection in mobile...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXV - algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Lovegrove, William Brame, Ben Bob Jones Univ Greenville SC 29607 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469243

Stereo vision is attractive for autonomous mobile robot navigation, but the cost and complexity of stereo camera systems and the computational requirements make full stereo vision impractical. A novel optical system allows the capture of a pair of short, wide stereo images from a single camera, which are then processed to detect vertical edges and infer obstacle positions and locations within the planar field of view, providing real-time obstacle detection. Our optical system involves a pair of right-angle prisms stacked vertically, splitting the camera field of view vertically in half. Right angle mirrors on either side redirect the image forward but at a horizontally displaced location, creating two virtual cameras. Tilting these mirrors provides an overlapping image area. Alternately, tilting the prisms produces the same effect. This image area is wide but not very tall. However, in a mobile robot scenario the majority of obstacles of interest intersect this field of view.

关键词： stereo single camera mobile robots obstacle detection computer vision

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ON THE COMPLEXITY OF COMPUTING REACHABLE WORKSPACES FOR REDUNDANT MANIPULATORS

ON THE COMPLEXITY OF COMPUTING REACHABLE WORKSPACES FOR REDU...

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CONF ON intelligent robots AND computer vision 9 : algorithms AND techniques

作者： ALAMELDIN, T PALIS, M RAJASEKARAN, S BADLER, N Univ of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States

ISBN: (纸本)0819404489

The complexity of computing 3D workspaces for joint limited redundant manipulators is examined. Different types of reachable workspace volume and reachable workspace boundary problems are defined. Each type of volume problem is at least as hard as its corresponding type of boundary problem, and each problem type is at least NP hard. New efficient and adaptive workspace point computation techniques are proposed (e.g. based on nonlinear programming) after complexity analyses of the corresponding decision problems.

关键词： robots, Industrial

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Training or inheritance in human vision? A critical test for understanding and engineering of intelligent optical systems

Training or inheritance in human vision? A critical test for...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XVI - algorithms, techniques, Active vision, and Materials Handling

作者： Lauinger, N CORRSYS GmbH (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426407

Inheritance or training in human vision? Training allows individual adaptation to environmental conditions, while genetics determine optimized constant i.e. long-term abilities. The biological engineering of the human eye needs both inheritance and training to realize its high performances. Particularly during postnatal training of an eye, adaptive freedom is necessary and available. To test the part of training it would become necessary to experimentally determine the in vivo refractive index differences between cellular nuclei and cytoplasm in retinal nuclear layers before and after birth to see if diffractive optical tuning of trichromatism in a retinal 3D-grating is synchronized with the differentiation of 3 photopigments in photopic vision or if the specialization in photochemistry depends on crystal-optical preprocessing.

关键词： human vision retina visual pigments colour vision genes in vision training in vision

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Virtual force field based obstacle avoidance and agent based intelligent mobile robot

Virtual force field based obstacle avoidance and agent based...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXV - algorithms, techniques, and Active vision

作者： Sarkar, Saurabh Reynolds, Scott Hall, Ernest Univ Cincinnati Dept Mech Engn 2600 Clifton Ave Cincinnati OH 45221 USA Univ Cincinnati Dept Comp Sci Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469243

This paper presents a modified virtual force based obstacle avoidance approach suited for laser range finder. The modified method takes advantage of the polar coordinate based data sent by the laser sensor by mapping the environment in a polar coordinate system. The method also utilizes a Gaussian function based certainty values to detect obstacle. The method successfully navigates through complex obstacles and reaches target GPS waypoints.

关键词： virtual force field laser ranger finder agents

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Diffractive-optical correlators: chances to make optical image pre-processing as intelligent as human vision.

Diffractive-optical correlators: chances to make optical ima...

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Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision XXII - algorithms, techniques and Active vision

作者： Lauinger, N Corrsys Datron Sensorsysteme GmbH (Germany)

ISBN: (纸本)081945561X

The human eye is a good model for the engineering of optical correlators. Three prominent intelligent functionalities in human vision could in the near future become realized by a new diffractive-optical hardware design of optical imaging sensors: Illuminant-adaptive RGB-based Color vision, Monocular 3D vision based on RGB data processing, Patchwise fourier-optical Object-Classification and Identification. The hardware design of the human eye (Fig. 1) has specific diffractive-optical elements (DOE's) in aperture and in image space and seems to execute the three jobs at - or not far behind - the loci of the images of objects.

关键词： RGB color model Eye Cones 3D image processing Diffraction gratings 3D vision Modulators Human vision and color perception Near field optics Optical correlators

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3D CAD-based object recognition for a flexible assembly cell

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical ...

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Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering 1996年 2904卷 167-177页

作者： Najjari, H. Steiner, Simon J. Univ. of Birmingham Birmingham UK

ISBN: (纸本)0819423068;9780819423061

Current developments in the field of automated assembly systems show an increasing interest in systems that are flexible in both CAD based product design and CAD based assembly. For the application addressed in this paper, coupling the vision system and a CAD database is of prime importance in order to achieve the required automatic reconfiguration of the assembly cell when new parts are defined. This paper presents a 3D CAD-based vision system for obtaining 3D data about the scene. After the images are acquired, edge detection is preformed and the detected edges are stored as chaincodes. Following that, a stereo vision algorithm is applied for finding the recognition features. The output are lists of features that are combined into a 3D wireframe representing the scene. The recognition algorithm takes the observed wireframe outputs from the stereo vision system, and compares them with a set of model wireframes derived from previous models, in order to select the 'best match', where the previous models used for recognition are derived from a product data model (PDM). The PDM is an interface between the CAD database and the recognition system, which allows the automatic generation of new models when new parts are introduced into the system. The vision system described in this paper is part of an intelligent robotic assembly cell, where the aim is to build a flexible intelligent robotic assembly cell, such that robots would be able to automatically assemble a random variety of small-batch products.

关键词： computer vision

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INTEGRATION OF A computer vision SYSTEM WITH AN IBM-7535 ROBOT

INTEGRATION OF A COMPUTER VISION SYSTEM WITH AN IBM-7535 ROB...

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CONF ON intelligent robots AND computer vision 9 : algorithms AND techniques

作者： GONZALEZ, O JOHNSON, C STARKS, S Univ. of Texas/El Paso (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819404489

A robot is a powerful production tool, however, an "intelligent robot" with flexible control is often needed to acomplish complex tasks and to adapt to changes in its working enviroment. This paper describes the integration of machine vision with a robot to accomplish this. The system integrates an IBM 7535 industrial 7535 Industrial Robot, with four degrees of freedom, with its own programming language, AML/Entry, and a vision System from Intelledex Inc. The IBM has its own programming language AML/ENTRY, as does the Intelledex vision system, vision BASIC. The major objective of the project was to interface the controller of the IBM 7535 robot with host processor (a compatible IBM AT) to a vision system. In an operational scenario, the vision system is tasked with the responsabilities of recognizing an object and determining its location and orientation. Based on this information, the robot is able to pick up the object and transfer it to a pre-defined destination. The paper describes how the interfaces were developed.

关键词： Cameras Machine vision Robot vision Computing systems computer vision technology Calibration Imaging systems computer programming Human-machine interfaces Telecommunications

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