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检索条件"任意字段=Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVIII: Algorithms and Techniques"

共 689 条记录，以下是141-150 订阅

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Robust obstacles detection and tracking using disparity for car driving assistance

Robust obstacles detection and tracking using disparity for ...

引用

27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Gouiffes, M. Patri, A. Vasiliu, M. Univ Paris 11 Inst Elect Fondamentale UMR 8622 F-91405 Orsay France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

This paper proposes a contribution for obstacles detection and tracking in the context of car-driving assistance. On the basis of the uv-disparity(9) designed for in-vehicle stereovision, we propose a robust procedure to detect the objects located on the road plane. This detection is used as an initialization stage for a real-time template matching procedure based on the minimizing of a weighted cost function. An appropriate update of the weights, based upon the quality of the previous matching and depth information, allows to track efficiently non-rigid objects in front of a clutter background. Sequences involving pedestrians are used to demonstrate the efficiency of our procedure.

关键词： uv-disparity obstacle detection intelligent vehicle robust temporal tracking

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Improved single-camera stereo system for mobile robotics

Improved single-camera stereo system for mobile robotics

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Lovegrove, William P. McGary, Patrick D. Austin, Kelly Bob Jones Univ Greenville SC 29614 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A single-camera stereo vision system offers a greatly simplified approach to image capture and analysis. In the original study by Lovegrove and Brame, they proposed a novel optical system that uses a single camera to capture two short, wide stereo images that can then be analyzed for real-time obstacle detection. In this paper, further analysis and refinement of the optical design results in two virtual cameras with perfectly parallel central axes. A new prototype camera design provides experimental verification of the analysis and also provides insight into practical construction. The experimental device showed that the virtual cameras' axes possessed a deviation from parallel of less than 12 minutes (or 0.2 degrees). The calculation of distances to objects from the two overlapping images all showed errors smaller than the pixel resolution limitation. In addition, a barrel lens correction was used in processing the image to allow parallax distance determination in the whole horizontal view of the images.

关键词： stereo vision single camera stereo pair mobile robot obstacle detection computer vision

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Flexible inline low cost inspection station

Flexible inline low cost inspection station

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Sung, Chen-Ko Fraunhofer Inst Informat & Data Proc IITB D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A possibility to reduce the investment costs is an improved functionality of the inspection station in order to awaken investors' interest to buy. A new concept for 2-D and 3-D metric and logical quality monitoring with a more accurate, flexible, economical and efficient inspection station has been developed and tested at IITB. The inspection station uses short- and wide-range sensors, an intelligent grip system and a so-called "sensor magazine" which make the inspection process more flexible. The sensor magazine consists of various sensor ports with various task-specific, interchangeable sensors. With the sensor magazine and the improved measuring methods, the testing periods and therefore the costs in factory can be substantially decreased.

关键词： Multi sensors wide- and short-range sensors intelligent grip system sensor magazine learning-capable evaluation processes flexible inline quality monitoring robot dynamic and automatic path planning

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Real-Time 3D Environment Model for Obstacle Detection and Collision Avoidance with a Mobile Service Robot

Real-Time 3D Environment Model for Obstacle Detection and Co...

引用

27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Kuehnle, J. U. Danzer, M. Verl, A. Bischoff, R. Fraunhofer Inst Mfg Engn & Automat IPA Nobelstr 12 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany KUKA Roboter GmbH D-86165 Augsburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

In this paper we describe a real-time 3D environment model for obstacle detection and collision avoidance with a mobile service robot. It is fully integrated in the experimental platform DESIRE. Experiments show, that all components perform well and allow for reliable and robust operation of a mobile service robot with actuating capabilities in the presence of obstacles.

关键词： 3D environment model obstacle detection collision avoidance mobile service robots 3D time-of-flight camera general-purpose computation on graphics processing unit

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Robust Pipeline Localization for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle using Stereo vision and Echo Sounder Data

Robust Pipeline Localization for an Autonomous Underwater Ve...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Breivik, Goril M. Fjerdingen, Sigurd A. Skotheim, Oystein SINTEF N-0314 Oslo Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

Submarine oil and gas pipeline inspection is a highly time and cost consuming task. Using an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) for such applications represents a great saving potential. However, the AUV navigation system requires reliable localization and stable tracking of the pipeline position. We present a method for robust pipeline localization relative to the AUV in 3D based on stereo vision and echo sounder depth data. When the pipe is present in both camera images, a standard stereo vision approach is used for localization. Enhanced localization continuity is ensured using a second approach when the pipe is segmented out in only one of the images. This method is based on a combination of one camera with depth information from the echo sounder mounted on the AUV. In the algorithm, the plane spanned by the pipe in the camera image is intersected with the plane spanned by the sea floor, to give the pipe position in 3D relative to the AUV. Closed water recordings show that the proposed method localizes the pipe with an accuracy comparable to that of the stereo vision method. Furthermore, the introduction of a second pipe localization method increases the true positive pipe localization rate by a factor of four.

关键词： stereo vision echo sounder autonomous underwater vehicle AUV robust localization pipe inspection robot vision scene analysis

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Synchronizing real and predicted synthetic video imagery for localization of a robot to a 3D environment

Synchronizing real and predicted synthetic video imagery for...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Lyons, Damian M. Chaudhry, Sirhan Benjamin, D. Paul Fordham Univ Robot & Comp Lab Bronx NY 10458 USA PACE Univ Dept Comp Sci New York NY 10023 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

A mobile robot moving in an environment in which there are other moving objects and active agents, some of which may represent threats and some of which may represent collaborators, needs to be able to reason about the potential future behaviors of those objects and agents. In previous work, we presented an approach to tracking targets with complex behavior, leveraging a 3D simulation engine to generate predicted imagery and comparing that against real imagery. We introduced an approach to compare real and simulated imagery using an affine image transformation that maps the real scene to the synthetic scene in a robust fashion. In this paper, we present an approach to continually synchronize the real and synthetic video by mapping the affine transformation yielded by the real/synthetic image comparison to a new pose for the synthetic camera. We show a series of results for pairs of real and synthetic scenes containing objects including similar and different scenes.

关键词： Cognitive robotics robot simulation synthetic video motion detection computer vision robot localization

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3D Reconstruction of Underwater Structures

3D Reconstruction of Underwater Structures

引用

IEEE/RSJ International Conference on intelligent robots and Systems

作者： Beall, Chris Lawrence, Brian J. Ila, Viorela Dellaert, Frank Georgia Inst Technol Coll Comp Bldg 801 Atlantic Dr Atlanta GA 30332 USA Georgia Inst Technol Atlanta GA 30332 USA UPC CSIC Inst Robot Informat Ind Barcelona Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781424466757

Environmental change is a growing international concern, calling for the regular monitoring, studying and preserving of detailed information about the evolution of underwater ecosystems. For example, fragile coral reefs are exposed to various sources of hazards and potential destruction, and need close observation. computer vision offers promising technologies to build 3D models of an environment from two-dimensional images. The state of the art techniques have enabled high-quality digital reconstruction of large-scale structures, e.g., buildings and urban environments, but only sparse representations or dense reconstruction of small objects have been obtained from underwater video and still imagery. The application of standard 3D reconstruction methods to challenging underwater environments typically produces unsatisfactory results. Accurate, full camera trajectories are needed to serve as the basis for dense 3D reconstruction. A highly accurate sparse 3D reconstruction is the ideal foundation on which to base subsequent dense reconstruction algorithms. In our application the models are constructed from synchronized high definition videos collected using a wide baseline stereo rig. The rig can be hand-held, attached to a boat, or even to an autonomous underwater vehicle. We solve this problem by employing a smoothing and mapping toolkit developed in our lab specifically for this type of application. The result of our technique is a highly accurate sparse 3D reconstruction of underwater structures such as corals.

关键词： 3d image reconstruction SLAM (robots) autonomous underwater vehicle computer vision computer vision dense reconstruction algorithms image reconstruction image representation sparse representations underwater ecosystems underwater structures underwater vehicles underwater video

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Argos: Princeton University's Entry in the 2009 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition

Argos: Princeton University's Entry in the 2009 Intelligent ...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Abiola, Solomon O. Baldassano, Christopher A. Franken, Gordon H. Harris, Richard J. Hendrick, Barbara A. Mayer, Jonathan R. Partridge, Brenton A. Starr, Eric W. Tait, Alexander N. Yu, Derrick D. Zhu, Tony H. Princeton Univ Sch Engn & Appl Sci Princeton NJ 08544 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

In this paper, we present Argos, an autonomous ground robot built for the 2009 intelligent Ground Vehicle Competition (IGVC). Discussed are the significant improvements over its predecessor from the 2008 IGVC, Kratos. We continue to use stereo vision techniques to generate a cost map of the environment around the robot. Lane detection is improved through the use of color filters that are robust to changing lighting conditions. The addition of a single-axis gyroscope to the sensor suite allows accurate measurement of the robot's yaw rate and compensates for wheel slip, vastly improving state estimation. The combination of the D* Lite algorithm, which avoids unnecessary re-planning, and the Field D* algorithm, which allows us to plan much smoother paths, results in an algorithm that produces higher quality paths in the same amount of time as methods utilizing A*. The successful implementation of a crosstrack error navigation law allows the robot to follow planned paths without cutting corners, reducing the chance of collision with obstacles. A redesigned chassis with a smaller footprint and a bi-level design, combined with a more powerful drivetrain, makes Argos much more agile and maneuverable compared to its predecessor. At the 2009 IGVC, Argos placed first in the Navigation Challenge.

关键词： robotics IGVC stereo vision lane detection IPC Kalman Filter cost map path planning

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Modeling of radial asymmetry in lens distortion facilitated by modern optimization techniques

Modeling of radial asymmetry in lens distortion facilitated ...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： de Villiers, Jason P. Leuschner, F. Wilhelm Geldenhuys, Ronelle CSIR Meiring Naude Rd Pretoria South Africa Univ Pretoria Dept Elect Elect & Comp Engn Pretoria South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

Most current lens distortion models use only a few terms of Brown's model, which assumes that the radial distortion is dependant only on the distance from the distortion centre, and an additive tangential distortion can be used to correct lens de-centering. This paper shows that the characterization of lens distortion can be improved by over 79% compared to prevailing methods. This is achieved by using modern numerical optimization techniques such as the Leapfrog algorithm, and sensitivity-normalized parameter scaling to reliably and repeatably determine more terms for Brown's model. An additional novel feature introduced in this paper is to allow the distortion to vary not only with polar distance but with the angle too. Two models for radially asymmetrical distortion (i.e. distortion that is dependant on both polar angle and distance) are discussed, implemented and contrasted to results obtained when no asymmetry is modelled. A sample of 32 cameras exhibiting extreme barrel distortion (due to their 6.0mm focal lengths) is used to show that these new techniques can straighten lines to within 7 hundredths of a pixel RMS over the entire image.

关键词： Asymmetry numerical optimization distortion characterization real-time

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LandingNav: A precision autonomous landing sensor for robotic platforms on planetary bodies

LandingNav: A precision autonomous landing sensor for roboti...

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27th Conference on intelligent robots and computer vision: algorithms and techniques

作者： Katake, Anup Bruccoleri, Christian Singla, Puneet Junkins, John L. StarVis Technol Inc 400 Harvey Mitchell Pkwy SSuite 400 College Stn TX 77845 USA Univ Buffalo Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Buffalo NY USA Texas A&M Univ Dept Aerosp Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819479327

Increased interest in the exploration of extra terrestrial planetary bodies calls for an increase in the number of spacecraft landing on remote planetary surfaces. Currently, imaging and radar based surveys are used to determine regions of interest and a safe landing zone. The purpose of this paper is to introduce LandingNav, a sensor system solution for autonomous landing on planetary bodies that enables landing on unknown terrain. LandingNav is based on a novel multiple field of view imaging system that leverages the integration of different state of the art technologies for feature detection, tracking, and 3D dense stereo map creation. In this paper we present the test flight results of the LandingNav system prototype. Sources of errors due to hardware limitations and processing algorithms were identified and will be discussed. This paper also shows that addressing the issues identified during the post-flight test data analysis will reduce the error down to 1-2%, thus providing for a high precision 3D range map sensor system.

关键词： autonomous planetary landing stereo vision terrain mapping dense range map estimation localization

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