Wireless sensornetworks are new monitoring platforms. To cope with their resource constraints, in terms of energy and bandwidth, spatial and temporal correlation in sensor data can be exploited to find an optimal sam...
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Wireless sensornetworks are new monitoring platforms. To cope with their resource constraints, in terms of energy and bandwidth, spatial and temporal correlation in sensor data can be exploited to find an optimal sampling strategy to reduce number of sampling nodes and/or sampling frequencies while maintaining high data quality. Majority of existing adaptive sampling approaches change their sampling frequency upon detection of (significant) changes in measurements. There are, however, applications that can tolerate (significant) changes in measurements as long as measurements fall within a specific range. Using existing adaptive sampling approaches for these applications is not energy-efficient. Targeting this type of applications, in this paper, we propose an energy-efficient adaptive sampling technique ensuring a certain level of data quality. We compare our proposed technique with two existing adaptive sampling approaches in a simulation environment and show its superiority in terms of energy efficiency and data quality.
This paper presents a Debris Flow Disaster Faster-than-early Forecast System (DFS) with wireless sensornetworks. Debris flows carrying saturated solid materials in water flowing downslope often cause severe damage to...
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Pressure sensors are generally used in body sensornetworks to measure physical forces exerted by our limbs. Popular sensors include the force sensitive resistor and the piezoelectric sensors, both made of rigid semic...
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Pressure sensors are generally used in body sensornetworks to measure physical forces exerted by our limbs. Popular sensors include the force sensitive resistor and the piezoelectric sensors, both made of rigid semiconductor technology. However, the application of these sensors to human movement monitoring necessitates that these sensors be made flexible. This paper focuses on the design of flexible pressure sensors, in particular on the effect of electrode composition and thin film carbon infused conductive layers on a force sensitive resistor based pressure sensor. Fourteen pressure sensor designs with Velostat as a piezo resistive layer were developed with a variety of electrode materials i.e. silver, copper and tin. These sensors were characterized into three types, according to the properties of the conducting material placed with respect to insulating material in the pressure sensor. Our force versus resistance and deformation experiments reveal similar trends to popular semiconductor based force sensitive resistors (FSRs) i.e. Tekscan and Novel sensors. The best sensor design achieved a resistance range of 4000Ω over a force range of 0 to 20N. The design consisted of silver-nylon conducting thread stitched into a neoprene insulator layer. Tests demonstrated that the developed sensor was reliable and the performance was repeatable.
Routing algorithms for wireless sensornetworks are often evaluated through simulations in order to measure the lifetime of the network and the efficiency of the algorithm regarding energy consumption. Some particular...
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Routing algorithms for wireless sensornetworks are often evaluated through simulations in order to measure the lifetime of the network and the efficiency of the algorithm regarding energy consumption. Some particular communication models with their parameters' set are used to implement the simulation and are rarely identical. We exhibit two kinds of performance sensitivity regarding simulations: the first one concerns the communication model itself and the second one is generated by the parameters of the communication model. We provide a generalized model that covers very different situations and we state the routing problem as a linear programming problem in order to measure the absolute efficiency of the algorithms with different models and parameter values. Our experiments run using two routing protocols, LEACH and Flow Augmentation, showed that different models or parameters can lead to significantly different results and conclusions. We tried to characterize the origin of the performance sensitivity in each case.
Participatory sensing using mobile devices is emerging as a promising method for large-scale data sampling. A critical challenge for participatory sensing is how to preserve the privacy of individual contributors'...
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Participatory sensing using mobile devices is emerging as a promising method for large-scale data sampling. A critical challenge for participatory sensing is how to preserve the privacy of individual contributors' data. In addition, the integrity of the data aggregation is vital to ensure the acceptance of the participating sensing model by the participants. Existing approaches to these issues suffer from excessive communication cost, long delays or rely on a trusted third party. The objective of our research is to design a data-aggregation scheme for participatory sensing systems that addresses user privacy and data integrity while keeping communication overhead as low as possible. We propose four techniques to address these challenges and validate them through analytical models and simulations.
Large scale wireless sensornetworks bring up many challenges in efficient and effect routing algorithm design due to the complexity and hardware constraints. The scalability challenge may be mitigated from a macrosco...
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Large scale wireless sensornetworks bring up many challenges in efficient and effect routing algorithm design due to the complexity and hardware constraints. The scalability challenge may be mitigated from a macroscopic perspective. One example is the distributed De la Garza iteration (DDLGI) algorithm for global routing load-balancing, based on a set of partial differential equations (PDEs) iteratively solved by the De la Garza method. Although DDLGI always converges to the numerical solution of the PDEs, the convergence may be unacceptably slow, which leads to excess energy consumption in communication. Thus, we propose the enhanced De la Garza routing (E-DLGR) algorithms in which nodes may exchange less information and only need to exchange these information with closer nodes for iteration. In addition, E-DLGR may converge faster and further reduce energy consumption without too much sacrifice of accuracy. The simulation results are presented to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of E-DLGR in energy savings.
This paper reports a wake-up switch using a piezoelectric differential pressure sensor in order to reduce the power consumption of a wireless sensor node. Air pressure change surrounding the sensor is detected by usin...
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This paper reports a wake-up switch using a piezoelectric differential pressure sensor in order to reduce the power consumption of a wireless sensor node. Air pressure change surrounding the sensor is detected by using a Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 (PZT) thin film cantilever with the dimension of 1500 μm × 1000 μm × 2 μm. The sensor has high sensitivity with low power consumption due to its thin cantilever and low capacitance. The sensitivity was 2.4 mV/Pa from -30 Pa to 30 Pa. It was demonstrated that the fabricated sensor performed as a wake-up switch when pressure varies in 10 Pa with low power consumption.
This paper addresses a detection problem where several spatially distributed sensors independently observe a time-inhomogeneous stochastic process. The task is to decide at the end of a fixed time interval between two...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479909957;9781479909971
This paper addresses a detection problem where several spatially distributed sensors independently observe a time-inhomogeneous stochastic process. The task is to decide at the end of a fixed time interval between two hypotheses regarding the statistics of the observed process. In the proposed method, each of the sensors transmits once to a fusion center a locally processed summary of its information in the form of a likelihood ratio. The fusion center then combines these messages to arrive at an optimal decision in the Neyman-Pearson framework. The approach is motivated by applications arising in the detection of mobile radioactive sources, and it serves as a first step toward the development of novel fixed-interval detection algorithms that combine decentralized processing with optimal centralized decision making.
Node localization is a key technology of wireless sensor network applications. Considering the resource constraints of senor nodes, node localization is transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem, then one...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783037856529
Node localization is a key technology of wireless sensor network applications. Considering the resource constraints of senor nodes, node localization is transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem, then one distributed localization algorithm based on particle swarm with adaptive inertia weight is put forward. The unknown nodes construct particle region using the received information of their neighbor anchor nodes, which can reduce the search scope and save the computational cost of the algorithm. Mean deviation of the distances which are the particles to the global optima can be computed to characterize the distribution of particles, and is used to adaptively adjust the inertia weight to avoid falling into the local optima. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm has a good localization performance.
Timeliness, accuracy and effectiveness of manufacturing information in manufacturing and business process management have become important factors of constraint to business growth. Single RFID (Radio Frequency Identif...
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