Robotic systems are used within a great variety of medical disciplines. A handheld robot promises a number of advantages compared to conventional (medical) robots but this approach leads to strict specifications regar...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789898111319
Robotic systems are used within a great variety of medical disciplines. A handheld robot promises a number of advantages compared to conventional (medical) robots but this approach leads to strict specifications regarding size, weight and dynamic properties. A new hybrid kinematics - the Epizactor - seems to be advantageous and is compared to two well-known parallel kinematics regarding the ratio of workspace and volume the number of kinematic elements, the cost of computation, the stiffness the effects of clearance, actuation (weight), and accuracy using a well-described industrial method for comparison. It becomes clear that the Epizactor has advantages concerning the ratio of workspace and volume, needs a smaller number of kinematic elements and fewer computations, and has less than half the mass than the parallel kinematics. Its accuracy, stiffness and the effects of clearance are comparable. The advantages of this new kinematic set-up lead to a first deployment within the field of medical robotics.
This paper analyzes the comfort of wheelchair users when a sliding-mode trajectory-tracking controller is used. The transmission of the horizontal (fore-and-aft) vibration to the head-neck complex (HNC) in the seated ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789898111319
This paper analyzes the comfort of wheelchair users when a sliding-mode trajectory-tracking controller is used. The transmission of the horizontal (fore-and-aft) vibration to the head-neck complex (HNC) in the seated human body may cause unacceptable discomfort and motion sickness. A double-inverted pendulum model with two degrees of freedom is considered as a model for the HNC. The user comfort is examined not only in the time domain (using the fourth power vibration dose value), but also in the frequency domain (using the cross-spectral density method). For measuring the acceleration of the wheelchair, along the trajectory, an inertial measurement unit was used.
In 1987, Eitelberg introduced a useful method by adjusting the input weighting factors to recover system response when a direct tuning of the PI(D)'s parameters was prohibited from adjustment. Because of minimum i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424422869
In 1987, Eitelberg introduced a useful method by adjusting the input weighting factors to recover system response when a direct tuning of the PI(D)'s parameters was prohibited from adjustment. Because of minimum interruption to an original control system, the Eitelberg's method has been extended to various applications. From previous applications, it was found that the P-element input weighting factor distinctly effects on the system responses. In this paper, the input weighting factor optimization for P-element of PI controllers via the particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is presented. The proposed optimization method is tested against two bench mark-controlled systems. As the simulation results, it was found that the P-element input weighting factor can be appropriated optimized by the PSO-based method and the satisfactory responses can be recovered when the parameter variation occurred.
This paper presents the hardware design of three-axis NC system based on embedded system , designs the ARM(Advanced RISC Machine) + FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) hardware architecture, builds the software develo...
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This paper presents a control architecture for semi-autonomous tele-operated robots. The architecture is based on two parallel behavior modules: automatic mechanical image stabilization control and remote head posing ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781615677146
This paper presents a control architecture for semi-autonomous tele-operated robots. The architecture is based on two parallel behavior modules: automatic mechanical image stabilization control and remote head posing control. All processes are performed in Linux-based Real-time Operating Systems using open source libraries under GPL license. Detailed behavior is executed through priorities to prevent the computation waste and simultaneous and non-synchronized accesses to servo motors. Experimental results showed that our system is capable of satisfying the hard-real time requirements for the servo control, with great precision. The system has an open modular and scalable architecture with high performance and low cost.
Cardiovascular diseases are killing more and more people around the world, striking rich and poor alike. The World Health Organization identifies these diseases as challenges to population health and well being and ca...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424425761
Cardiovascular diseases are killing more and more people around the world, striking rich and poor alike. The World Health Organization identifies these diseases as challenges to population health and well being and calls it a global epidemic. These diseases can seriously affect the life of both the patient and family. In tandem with a strategy to provide information and education to individuals at risk, Information and Communication Technologies can be a valuable tool to address the challenges posed by this global epidemic. The HEARTRONIC project is developing an innovative system for prevention and early warning by continuous monitoring the heart conditions. This system is wearable by the patient, monitors and analyzes the heart beat, and in the event of results that could predict a heart attack or stroke an alert message is sent to a server and them relayed to the responsible healthcare professional. The system uses EGC processing for automatic detection of abnormal functioning. First response actions are taken but the healthcare professionals are always in the control loop and can cancel or impose actions other than the ones decided by the system. System integration is starting and first trials are planned. Besides validating systems functionalities, these trials will allow to calibrate the sensitivity of the algorithms: high sensitivity may cause numerous false positives, while low sensitivity may result in misdiagnosis of potentially life threatening conditions.
Affective information is vital for effective human-to-human communication. Likewise, human-to-computer communication could be potentiated by an "affective barometer" able to infer human affect using a machin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781615677146
Affective information is vital for effective human-to-human communication. Likewise, human-to-computer communication could be potentiated by an "affective barometer" able to infer human affect using a machine vision system. For instance, during a classroom lecture, an affective barometer might provide useful feedback that a real or virtual instructor could use to improve pedagogical strategies. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of using students' unintentional hand gestures during a classroom lecture to predict their affective state. We propose a maximum a posteriori classifier based on a simple Bayesian network model. We then evaluate the classifier's ability to predict one of four affective states from five hand gestures observed in video recordings of a classroom lecture. Using four-fold cross validation, we find that the model's generalization accuracy is 100% over cases where the student reported an affective state, and 79.4% when we include cases where the student reported no affective state. The experiment demonstrates that there is a strong relationship between human affect and visually observable gestures. Future work will explore the applicability of these results in practical applications.
Visualizing data specifically selected among a large scale and sparsely distributed database can often be instantaneous and has to be low complexity in computation, especially when simulation process is involved. This...
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Based on the vermicular motion of the pine caterpillar and inchworm, this paper presents two novel module climbing caterpillar kinematics models. The analysis of the valid gaits and climbing safety of them indicates t...
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The paper is devoted to the development of approach to analyze the observability and controllability of nonlinear dynamic systems by linear methods. The main idea of this approach is as follows: the observability (con...
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The paper is devoted to the development of approach to analyze the observability and controllability of nonlinear dynamic systems by linear methods. The main idea of this approach is as follows: the observability (controllability) of the initial nonlinear system linear part is checked and if it is unobservable (uncontrollable), it is examined whether or not the nonlinear term violates this conclusion.
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