The increasing frequency and intensity of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and forest fires, necessitate the development of advanced early warning systems. Current disaster prediction systems ...
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Power systems, known as the hearth of satellites, have a direct impact on how long the satellite will operate. An on-orbit mission might fail due to several problems with the satellite power system. Thus, during the e...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350323023
Power systems, known as the hearth of satellites, have a direct impact on how long the satellite will operate. An on-orbit mission might fail due to several problems with the satellite power system. Thus, during the entire lifespan of the satellite, the diagnostics of power system faults is crucial. In this study, a new machinelearning-based fault diagnosis approach has been proposed for geosynchronous (GEO) satellite power systems. In the feature extraction step of the approach, principal component analysis (PCA) technique is used. Then, LogitBoost with random forest classifier is utilized for the aim of classification. The experimental results show that the proposed model is effective and can be used for fault diagnosis of GEO satellite power systems.
This paper employs machinelearning techniques to combat the escalating threat of phishing attacks in the digital realm. The research builds a predictive model capable of differentiating between phishing and legitimat...
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machinelearning has made significant advances in many areas, particularly in the healthcare domain. However, despite the advances, the implementation of these models in clinical scenarios is still limited due to seve...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031616273;9783031616280
machinelearning has made significant advances in many areas, particularly in the healthcare domain. However, despite the advances, the implementation of these models in clinical scenarios is still limited due to several challenges, including the lack of trust. Standard performance measures, such as sensitivity, specificity and confidence intervals can be used to evaluate the reliability of a model, but these are overall performance metrics and do not provide insight into the performance of individual instances. Moreover, these estimates are typically calculated during the training phase and are not easily generalized to new, unseen instances, occurring in the deployment phase. As result, besides the prediction outcome, the existence of a measure of reliability in the prediction of individual estimations would add a layer of security, increasing trust in human-AI interaction, as well as it could also be helpful to support the improvement of the model. This study proposes a reliability measure, combining density and local fit principles, to estimate the confidence of individual predictions in the deployment phase. When applied to a machinelearning model in the cardiovascular risk assessment context, the method demonstrates the ability to distinguish between reliable and unreliable predictions, as well as aiding in the stratification of the population.
In every nation, agriculture has boosted the economy. Agriculture is currently dealing with a number of difficulties, such as irrigation and water management. Crop irrigation plays a crucial role in agricultural produ...
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advances in sensor technology have supported collecting multimodal data to examine the synergistic relationship between students' interaction behavior and learning performance. However, using real-time students-ge...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798331540777;9798331540760
advances in sensor technology have supported collecting multimodal data to examine the synergistic relationship between students' interaction behavior and learning performance. However, using real-time students-generated multimodal data to analyze different students' interaction behavior during a multimodal-based embodied learning activity is under-explored. Thus, this paper explores capturing multimodal data to analyze students' interaction behaviors within an embodied learning context. We conducted an in-situ study with 40 primary school students (aged 11-12) engaging in a multimodal activity on electric circuits. We captured students' embodied interaction by collecting their eye-tracking data, emotions, gesture trials, learning performance, and time to complete the activity. Three clusters were identified using K-means clustering. Using supervised machinelearning, we have identified three learning profiles based on interaction behavior features: low, medium, and high performers. The results highlighted a significant difference in the learning performance between clusters, as determined by one-way ANOVA. Our findings suggest that multimodal data representing interaction traces can encode the impact of embodied interaction behavior on learning performance.
Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are expanding beyond clinical settings thanks to advances in hardware and algorithms. However, they still face challenges in user-friendliness and signal variability. Classification mod...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350354966;9798350354959
Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) are expanding beyond clinical settings thanks to advances in hardware and algorithms. However, they still face challenges in user-friendliness and signal variability. Classification models need periodic adaptation for real-life use, making an optimal re-training strategy essential to maximize user acceptance and maintain high performance. We propose TOR, a train-on-request workflow that enables user-specific model adaptation to novel conditions, addressing signal variability over time. Using continual learning, TOR preserves knowledge across sessions and mitigates inter-session variability. With TOR, users can refine, on demand, the model through on-device learning (ODL) to enhance accuracy adapting to changing conditions. We evaluate the proposed methodology on a motor-movement dataset recorded with a non-stigmatizing wearable BMI headband, achieving up to 92% accuracy and a re-calibration time as low as 1.6 minutes, a 46% reduction compared to a naive transfer learning workflow. We additionally demonstrate that TOR is suitable for ODL in extreme edge settings by deploying the training procedure on a RISC-V ultra-low-power SoC (GAP9), resulting in 21.6 ms of latency and 1 mJ of energy consumption per training step. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first demonstration of an online, energy-efficient, dynamic adaptation of a BMI model to the intrinsic variability of EEG signals in real-time settings.
The rapid adoption of machinelearning (ML) across several businesses raises serious concerns about data privacy, particularly when sensitive data is involved. By integrating trustworthy techniques in the preprocessin...
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The information in the logs produced by the servers, devices, and applications can be utilized to assess the system's health. It's crucial to manually review logs, for instance, during upgrades, to verify whet...
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare services, increasing the susceptibility of high-risk patients including those with cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), to adverse outcomes. Biomarkers provide insight...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350345025;9798350345018
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted healthcare services, increasing the susceptibility of high-risk patients including those with cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), to adverse outcomes. Biomarkers provide insights into patients' underlying health status. However, few studies have investigated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on CVD biomarker trajectories using predictive modeling and causal analyses frameworks. Prior research explored the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on CVD severity and prognosis but did not investigate biomarker trajectories using machinelearning (ML), which can discover complex multivariate relationships in multi-modal data. Objective: This study aimed to compare six ML regression models to select the best performing models for predicting biomarker trajectories in CVD patients using retrospective data. Subsequently, these models were used to assess the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on CVD patients and for causal analyses Approach: Using ML regression and causal inference, this study investigated the pandemic's impact on biomarker values of 80,917 CVD patients and 77,332 non-CVD controls, treated at two hospitals in Central Massachusetts between May 2018 and December 2021. ML regression algorithms, including Neural Networks (NN), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), XGBoost, CATBoost and ADABoost, were trained and compared. Important CVD biomarkers (HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, BMI, and BP) were predicted as outcome variables with patients' risk factors (age, race, gender, socioeconomic status) as input variables. Shapley feature importance analyses identified the most predictive features, which were then utilized in Causal Analysis. A Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach within a Double/Debiased machinelearning (DML) method isolated the pandemic's impact on biomarkers, while minimizing the effects of confounding factors. Results: CATBoost and XGBoost were the most predictive ML models for LDL cholesterol and HbA1c, yielding R-2 val
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