The geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) has been widely investigated to describe the target scattering behaviors with the low-frequency ultra-wideband (LFW) radar. In this paper, we propose a new model-based deep ...
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The geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD) has been widely investigated to describe the target scattering behaviors with the low-frequency ultra-wideband (LFW) radar. In this paper, we propose a new model-based deep learning method for GTD parameter estimation. The proposed method is designed by unfolding the fast iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm (FISTA) into a deep neural network. Unlike existing methods based on compressed sensing (CS), the key parameters in our algorithm are fully learnable, avoiding nontrivial parameter tuning procedures. Our network with simple convolution operations is more computationally efficient than existing methods, which require matrix inversions or quadratic programming and have low convergence speed. A novel loss function is designed for the new network to improve the capacity of target enhancement. Experiments on simulation data show that the new method achieves higher computational efficiency while maintaining or improving the precision of GTD parameter estimation compared with existing methods.
In applications where the ratio of switching frequency to fundamental frequency is low, time delays in the system lead to poor current regulation and cross-coupling between the d and q axes. The phase lag introduced b...
In applications where the ratio of switching frequency to fundamental frequency is low, time delays in the system lead to poor current regulation and cross-coupling between the d and q axes. The phase lag introduced by the PWM and sampling delays lead to poor transient characteristics and can even cause system system instability. This paper proposes a complex vector model of an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) that requires only a single complex current controller and allows complex current controller design methods applied to non-salient pole machines to be easily adapted for salient pole machines. simulation results using an IPMSM and experimental results using a 3-ϕ balanced RL load show that using the complex current controller reduces cross coupling in comparison to the conventional scalar approach at lower switching frequencies. With a sudden load torque change leading to a sudden change in i q , the reduced deviation in i d from its reference can help prevent the temporary demagnetization. Also, with a sudden change in i d in the Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) or Field-weakening (FW) mode, the reduced deviation in i q from its reference can help avoid transient spike in electromagnetic torque.
The goal of field-development optimization is maximizing the expected value of an objective function, e.g., net present value for a producing oil field or amount of CO2 stored in a subsurface formation, over an ensemb...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789462824263
The goal of field-development optimization is maximizing the expected value of an objective function, e.g., net present value for a producing oil field or amount of CO2 stored in a subsurface formation, over an ensemble of models that describe the uncertainty range. A single evaluation of the objective function requires solving a system of partial differential equations, which can be computationally costly. Hence, it is most desirable for an optimization algorithm to reduce the number of objective-function evaluations while delivering high convergence rate. Here, we develop a quasi-Newton method that builds on approximate evaluations of objective-function gradients and takes more effective iterative steps using a trust-region approach compared to line search. We implement three gradient formulations: ensemble optimization (EnOpt) gradient, and two variants of the stochastic simplex approximate gradient (StoSAG), all computed using perturbations around the point of interest. We modify the formulations to enable exploiting the objective-function structure. Instead of returning a single value for the gradient, the reformulation breaks up the objective function into its sub-components and returns a set of sub-gradients. We then can utilize our prior problem-specific knowledge through passing a ‘weight’ matrix to act on the sub-gradients. Two quasi-Newton updating algorithms are implemented: Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno and the symmetric rank 1. We first evaluate the variants of our method on test challenging functions (e.g., stochastic variants of Rosenbrock and Chebyquad). Then, we present an application of well-control optimization for a realistic synthetic case. Our results confirm that StoSAG gradients are significantly more effective than EnOpt gradients for accelerating convergence. An important challenge to stochastic gradients is determining a-priori the adequate number of perturbations. We report that the optimal number of perturbations depends on both the
To cultivate healthy plants and high crop yields, growers must be able to measure soil moisture and irrigate accordingly. Errors in soil moisture measurements can lead to irrigation mismanagement with costly consequen...
To cultivate healthy plants and high crop yields, growers must be able to measure soil moisture and irrigate accordingly. Errors in soil moisture measurements can lead to irrigation mismanagement with costly consequences. In this paper, we present a new approach to smart computing for irrigation management to address these challenges at a lower cost. We calibrate low cost, low precision soil moisture sensors to more accurately distinguish wet from dry soils using high cost, high precision Davis Instrument sensors. We investigate different modeling techniques including the natural log of the odds ratio (Log-odds), Monte Carlo simulation, and linear regression to distinguish between wet and moist soils and to establish a trustworthy threshold between these two moisture states. We have also developed a new smartphone application that simplifies the process of data collection and implements our analysis approach. The application is extensible by others and provides growers with low cost, data-driven decision support for irrigation. We implement our approach for UCSB’s Edible Campus student farm and empirically evaluate it using multiple test beds. Our results show an accuracy rate of 91% and lowers costs by 4x per deployment, making it useful for gardeners and farmers alike.
As a characteristic of big data, the individual data in it is no longer isolated, and the data and its underlying mechanisms have complex associations, which make all data into an indivisible whole. The dynamic genera...
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Membrane Computing (MC) is defined as one of the main areas in computer sciences;MC has the aim of discovering novel computational models from studying biological cells, specifically the cellular membranes. Mitogen-Ac...
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Virtual reality technology can provide the public with an immersive sense of participation, promote the public's cognition and evaluation of urban design, and has application value in the field of public participa...
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4D simulation based on immersive Virtual Reality-based collaboration can be a great help in constructability studies and in detecting spatiotemporal interference. Recent publications propose some methods and framework...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783030882075
ISBN:
(纸本)9783030882075;9783030882068
4D simulation based on immersive Virtual Reality-based collaboration can be a great help in constructability studies and in detecting spatiotemporal interference. Recent publications propose some methods and frameworks to support collaboration centered on 4D BIM models in Virtual Reality (VR) environments. However, the existing VR systems and platforms remains poorly suited to the task of integrating the data libraries generally conveyed by 4D models. In the context of the multiplication of platforms and the increased need for interoperability, it will be essential to develop interoperable solutions, based on OpenBIM formats. However, to date, there is no framework based on open interoperable formats to guide experts and users through the steps necessary for effective VR-based 4D simulation. This work proposes a new method to improve the integration of 4D simulations in virtual reality environments. The method is centered on the use of OpenBIM standards, uses a normalized and structured workflow on three main phases that correspond to different work environments, and considers a two-way data exchange mechanism. In order to evaluate and validate the proposed method, a prototype was developed, adopting the same workflow and using a suitable software ecosystem.
Driven by the digital transformation required by Logistics 4.0, the use of automation in warehouses is constantly growing. In particular, robotic palletizers offer significant potential for optimizing warehouse operat...
Driven by the digital transformation required by Logistics 4.0, the use of automation in warehouses is constantly growing. In particular, robotic palletizers offer significant potential for optimizing warehouse operations, thanks to higher flexibility and throughput than traditional palletizing systems. Despite the availability of several solutions in the market, the optimal deployment of a robotic palletizer in warehouses is not straightforward: a design phase is needed to determine the most convenient configuration that ensures automatic palletizing is fully integrated into the warehouse processes. In this paper, we propose a simulation-based versatile tool for modeling and analysis purposes, aimed at supporting the design of a robotic palletizing cell in a bottom-up fashion. As a core methodology, we employ timed colored Petri nets, which allow - once the analysis on packing requirements and constraints is conducted - to rapidly model the system as a composition of basic subsystems, and implement alternative simulations to evaluate the corresponding performance and effectively benchmark the alternative configurations. The proposed approach is applied to a real case study, showing its effectiveness in identifying the solution that achieves a good compromise between the use of resources and the performance of warehouse operations.
The Internet of Things (IoT) has quickly emerged as one of the most well-known and, actually, most hyped terms in the technology sector. The increased usage of IoT has led to a significant development of IoT-enabling ...
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The Internet of Things (IoT) has quickly emerged as one of the most well-known and, actually, most hyped terms in the technology sector. The increased usage of IoT has led to a significant development of IoT-enabling technologies. It is necessary to route and process data quickly by utilizing the energy of IoT devices because it is predicted that a significant volume of data might be produced by trillions of connected sensor nodes. Around the world, the idea of smart cities is becoming more popular and without a smart waste management system, a smart city cannot be complete. Sensors node-enabled in the smart bins have energy constraints and they are typically not rechargeable, which is one of the core issues for the lifespan of the IoT devices. This research proposes an adaptive sleep and wake-up strategy (AdSW) to maximize the lifetime of IoT networks by utilizing routing energy. The suggested method, which is based on the sleep and wake-up technique, allows every node to independently choose its mode of operation - sleep, listen, or transmission-in each available time slot. simulation findings show that the suggested strategy performs well for Lifespan maximization by consuming less energy under different conditions.
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