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检索条件"任意字段=International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems: Architectures, Modeling and Simulation"

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Benchmark Analysis of YOLOv8 for Edge AI Video-Surveillance Applications

Benchmark Analysis of YOLOv8 for Edge AI Video-Surveillance ...

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IEEE/ASME international conference on Mechtronic and embedded systems and Applications, MESA

作者： Daniele Berardini Lucia Migliorelli Lorenzo Cardoni Christian Parente Alessandro Rongoni Daniele Sergiacomi Adriano Mancini Department of Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798331516239

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516246

Video surveillance systems (VSSs) are crucial for identifying crimes involving handheld weapons, but their effectiveness is limited by high operational costs and the need for continuous human monitoring. To overcome these challenges, research has turned to deep learning (DL) to automate weapon detection. Early efforts focused on detecting weapons in images using resource-intensive frameworks – and, thus, unaffordable – and relying on datasets that poorly represent real-world settings. Given the state-of-the-art limitations, this work introduces an edge artificial intelligence (AI)-based approach which explores the YOLOv8 architecture across different variants (nano, small, medium, large, extra-large), evaluated on a custom built dataset (WeaponSenseV2). Using the NVIDIA Jetson Nano as an edge device, the proposed study evaluates performance of the architectures on the custom-built WeaponSenseV2 dataset, which is designed to more accurately reflect real-world scenarios than existing datasets. By focusing on the intersection of edge computing and DL, this research aims to reduce the operational costs and computational demands associated with traditional VSSs. The results enrich the ongoing discussions on leveraging technological advancements to enhance public safety, providing valuable perspectives on the real-world deployment of scalable and efficient systems for detecting weapons.

关键词： Performance evaluation Costs Weapons Computational modeling Image edge detection computer architecture Edge AI Video surveillance Nanoscale devices Monitoring

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Preprototyping SIMD coprocessors using virtual machine emulation and trace compilation 97

Preprototyping SIMD coprocessors using virtual machine emula...

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Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems

作者： Martin C. Herbordt Owais Kidwai Charles C. Weems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA

ISBN: (纸本)9780897919098

The use of massively parallel SIMD array architectures is proliferating in the area of domain specific coprocessors. Even so, they have undergone few systematic empirical studies. The underlying problems include the size of the architecture space, the lack of portability of the test programs, and the inherent complexity of simulating up to hundreds of thousands of processing elements. We address the computational cost problem with a novel approach to trace-based simulation. Code is run on an abstract virtual machine to generate a coarse-grained trace, which is then refined through a series of transformations (a process we call trace compilation) wherein greater resolution is obtained with respect to the details of the target machine. We have found this technique to be one to two orders of magnitude faster than instruction-level simulation while still retaining much of the accuracy of the model. Furthermore, abstract machine traces must be regenerated for only a small fraction of the possible parameter combinations. Using virtual machine emulation and trace compilation also addresses program portability by allowing the user to code in a single data parallel language with a single compiler, regardless of the target architecture. This technique has already been used to generate significant results with respect to SIMD array architectures, a sample of which are presented here.

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Integrated meso-microscale traffic simulation of hierarchical AHS control architectures

Integrated meso-microscale traffic simulation of hierarchica...

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international conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： L. Munoz G. Gomes Jingang Yi C. Toy R. Horowitz L. Alvarez University of California Berkeley CA USA Universidad Nacional Auténoma de México Horowitz Italy

A recently developed meso-microscale traffic simulator allows a stationary region of micro-simulation to be defined within a larger, meso-simulated automated highway system (AHS). This simulator permits analysis of traffic behavior in situations where both microscopic (vehicle-level) and mesoscopic (aggregate flow) effects are important, while avoiding the prohibitive computational cost of microsimulating a large-scale AHS. This paper describes the software structure of the meso-micro simulator, which implements the PATH AHS control architecture. simulation results indicate that the meso-micro simulator generates consistent traffic flows across both meso and micro-simulated regions.

关键词： Traffic control Automated highways Computational modeling Analytical models Microscopy Aggregates Computational efficiency Large-scale systems Automatic control computer architecture

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Performance evaluation of a software architecture for real-time call processing

Performance evaluation of a software architecture for real-t...

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international conference on Communication systems

作者： Ting-Chao Hou Department ofElectrical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0780320468

computers running under the UNIX operating system are used as adjunct processors to a switch to share call-processing responsibilities. In this architecture, call-processing tasks inside the adjunct processors are embedded in UNIX user processes. The author built a discrete-event driven, C-based, UNIX simulation model at a level of detail that allows one to obtain the statistics of many system task overheads. The model can give an accurate estimate of the system capacity by providing the breakdown of CPU time spent in context switches, I/O, IPC system calls, and user processes. In addition, the author found that the system can be trapped in a deadlock or "livelock" situation if not properly controlled. Causes and solutions to the deadlock/livelock condition were investigated.< >

关键词： Software architecture Switches System recovery Operating systems computer architecture Computational modeling Statistics Context modeling Electric breakdown Central Processing Unit

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A service oriented-based system for real time industrial applications

A service oriented-based system for real time industrial app...

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international conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Ioakeim K. Samaras John V. Gialelis George D. Hassapis Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Industrial Systems Institute Patras Greece

The benefits of utilizing service oriented architectures (SOA) in industrial automation are well recognized. Nevertheless these architectures imply connection establishments and message exchanges with a large amount of overhead which is inappropriate when considering the real time characteristics of an industrial application. Furthermore, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which are often part of such applications cannot handle the need for continuously parsing and storing of SOA messages whose data volume is high. In this paper an innovative system approach is proposed capable of retaining all the interoperability issues that SOA provides. In this system a new bridge is used for mapping WSNs to IP systems and a novel compression technique is applied that reduces the size of the exchanged messages but nonetheless not prohibiting the usage of SOA standards. Finally a SOA-based technology is proposed which is embedded on wireless sensors motes and enables them to communicate with other devices regardless their implementation platform. simulation results have shown that the proposed system can operate with real time responses when the number of sensors does not exceed a specific limit and the required sampling period is within particular time intervals in contrast with a classical SOA-based system.

关键词： Bridges Protocols Wireless sensor networks XML Real time systems IP networks Switches

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A performance evaluation of cluster architectures 97

A performance evaluation of cluster architectures

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Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems

作者： Xiaohan Qin Jean-Loup Baer Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA

ISBN: (纸本)9780897919098

This paper investigates the performance of shared-memory cluster-based architectures where each cluster is a shared-bus multiprocessor augmented with a protocol processor maintaining cache coherence across clusters. For a given number of processors, sixteen in this study, we evaluate the performance of various cluster configurations. We also consider the impact of adding a remote shared cache in each cluster. We use Mean Value Analysis to estimate the cache miss latencies of various types and the overall execution time. The service demands of shared resources are characterized in detail by examining the sub-requests issued in resolving cache misses. In addition to the architectural system parameters and the service demands on resources, the analytical model needs parameters pertinent to applications. The latter, in particular cache miss profiles, are obtained by trace-driven simulation of three *** results show that without remote caches the performance of cluster-based architectures is mixed. In some configurations, the negative effects of the longer latency of inter-cluster misses and of the contention on the protocol processor are too large to counter-balance the lower contention on the data buses. For two out of the three applications best results are obtained when the system has clusters of size 2 or 4. The cluster-based architectures with remote caches consistently outperform the single bus system for all 3 applications. We also exercise the model with parameters reflecting the current trend in technology making the processor relatively faster than the bus and memory. Under these new conditions, our results show a clear performance advantage for the cluster-based architectures, with or without remote caches, over single bus systems.

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Experiences with analysis of formal specifications in Astral

Experiences with analysis of formal specifications in Astral

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IEEE international conference on embedded and Real-Time Computing systems and Applications (RTCSA)

作者： K. Brink J. van Katwijk R.F. Lutje Spelberg W.J. Toetenel Department of Technical Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

An important issue in the design and implementation of real-time software is the verification of (temporal) properties. Our research of the past few years focused on requirements specification of real-time software and the use of tools in modeling and design. The development of a correct and complete requirements specification is difficult, and therefore tool support is considered important. Our development approach, builds upon requirements specifications constructed using the formal real-time specification language Astral. The development framework offers support for end-users in the construction of a software requirements specifications in Astral. Such end-risers are, for example, control engineers in the area of embedded, real-time control software. Support in the construction of an Astral specification through the use of analysis tools is important because it provides the user with (i) evidence concerning the correctness of the specification and (ii) feasibility of its implementation. This paper describes our development framework focusing on four approaches that have been employed in (timing) analysis of Astral specifications. The first two approaches, simulation and prototyping, are informal, while the latter two are formal, based on a translation into an extension of timed automata.

关键词： Formal specifications Specification languages Software quality Mathematics computer science Software tools Timing Software prototyping Virtual prototyping Automata

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Specific Emitter Identification based on CNN and Transformer

Specific Emitter Identification based on CNN and Transformer

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Science and Technology Innovation (IAECST), international Academic Exchange conference on

作者： Bin Wang Ning Gao Feng Wang The 38th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Key Laboratory of Aperture Array and Space Application Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Hefei Anhui China School of Computer and Information Hefei University of Technology Hefei China

Specific emitter identification(SEI) plays an increasingly crucial and potential role in both military and civilian scenarios. It refers to a process to discriminate individual emitters from each other by analyzing extracted characteristics from given radio signals. In this paper, we present a novel radiation source identification method named CNNFormer based on a hybrid architecture of Convolutional Neural Network and Transformer, harnessing the strengths of both architectures to enhance feature extraction and sequence modeling. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on simulation datasets, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in emitter identification. We showcase outstanding performance of our method on simulation datasets, achieving 98.29% three-class identification accuracy the emitter dataset with three devices and 97.60% ten-class identification accuracy on an RF fingerprint dataset with ten XSPR transmitters. Furthermore, our model allows for insight into the key features contributing to identification. This work contributes to enhancing the security and reliability of wireless communication systems.

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A fuzzy approach to low level sensor fusion with limited system knowledge

A fuzzy approach to low level sensor fusion with limited sys...

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international conference on Information Fusion

作者： Sebastian Blank Tobias Föhst Karsten Berns Robotics Research Laboratory Department of Computer Sciences University of Kaiserslautern Kaiserslautern Germany

When facing the need to perform low-level sensor fusion with only very limited knowledge available one has to come up with an alternative to the well known and proven Kalman filter. A very interesting candidate for such applications is the so called fuzzy (or soft) voter. This algorithm makes use of fuzzy logic principles to fuse signals in an efficient way and provides a figure of merit as well as sensor monitoring capabilities with very moderate demand for computation performance and memory. In this paper a computational efficient alternative implementation of soft voting for embedded applications is described. Furthermore, its performance is examined using scenarios typical to harsh operations environments using simulation.

关键词： Sensitivity Accuracy Fuzzy sets Kalman filters Sensor fusion Robot sensing systems Computational modeling

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modeling Hydrodynamic Diffusion Processes using Spatio-Temporal Deep Neural Networks with Environmental Physical-Coupled Constraints

Modeling Hydrodynamic Diffusion Processes using Spatio-Tempo...

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IEEE international conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Lei Jia Neil Yen Yan Pei Graduate School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Aizu Aizuwakamatsu Fukushima Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665410205

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410212

The simulation and analysis of complex spatiotemporal systems are crucial for expressing and solving chaotic dynamical systems such as those in Earth and environmental sciences. Understanding and computing physical processes, re-actions, or substance transport typically relies on control equations. This paper aims to explore a novel research paradigm by enhancing the physical network coupling structure to construct predictive models for fluid dynamics systems, simulating spatiotemporal dynamical processes of substance transformation in the domain of environmental physics. In particular, when addressing problems involving the non-homogeneous 2D fluid dynamics equations, the characteristic parameters of the phys-ical processes were redefined. This was achieved by encoding hard boundary conditions and designing appropriate neural network architectures to mitigate over-fitting issues during the prediction of parameterized dynamical systems. Comparative experiments involving five benchmark physics-informed neural network methods emphasize the significant improvement in capturing time-varying features and prediction accuracy brought by the proposed approach. Through various water cycle scenarios, the model's estimation ability for diffusion fields is validated, focusing on analyzing the influence of data errors and sample size on the computational results of this deep neural network. Notably, the proposed method exhibits higher robustness to outlier observations under extreme conditions.

关键词： Fluid dynamics Computational modeling Process control Artificial neural networks Predictive models Mathematical models Robustness Spatiotemporal phenomena Dynamical systems Water cycle

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