Many inverse problems in science and engineering are formulated as recovery of piecewise finite-dimensional continuous (PFC) signals. Although the higher-order total variation (HTV) is known to be particularly effecti...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538615652
Many inverse problems in science and engineering are formulated as recovery of piecewise finite-dimensional continuous (PFC) signals. Although the higher-order total variation (HTV) is known to be particularly effective for the sparsity-aware recovery of piecewise polynomials, it remains unclear so far whether the HTV can be extended to other signal models. In this paper, we present a convex regularizer which becomes a generalization of the HTV for the PFC signals. We first design a linear transformation which induces a certain group sparsity of samples of the PFC signals. This linear transformation is designed based on the fact that most of local samples can be interpolated by a fixed linear combination of known basis. Moreover, we provide theoretical evidence that the linear transformed samples have the group sparsity. Then, the proposed regularizer is designed to promote the group sparsity by using the l(1,2) norm. A numerical experiment on recovery of piecewise sinusoidal signals shows the effectiveness of the proposed regularization.
Photoacoustic or PA waves, generated from blood cells, create distinct spectral features in the Fourier domain, for example, maxima and minima. In this way, high-frequency PA signals can be used to identify and distin...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538615652
Photoacoustic or PA waves, generated from blood cells, create distinct spectral features in the Fourier domain, for example, maxima and minima. In this way, high-frequency PA signals can be used to identify and distinguish blood cells. However, due to finite bandwidth of physical systems, many interesting Fourier features are invisible within the observed bandwidth. To overcome this challenge, we reformulate the PA imaging problem as a time-of-flight super-resolution problem. Based on the PA wave equations, we show that the problem reduces to estimation of sparse cellular features from a set of finite trigonometric moments. For this purpose, we develop a super-resolution algorithm which achieves near exact performance (in context of maximum likelihood estimation) when working with experimental data. Hence, our work alleviates an important bottleneck in PA imaging linked with classification of cellular features.
作者:
Kim, ChiheonBandeira, Afonso S.Goemans, Michel X.MIT
Dept Math Room 2-47477 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA NYU
Courant Inst Math Sci Dept Math 251 Mercer St New York NY 10012 USA NYU
Courant Inst Math Sci Ctr Data Sci 251 Mercer St New York NY 10012 USA
We study the problem of community detection in hypergraphs under a stochastic block model. Similarly to how the stochastic block model in graphs suggests studying spiked random matrices, our model motivates investigat...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538615652
We study the problem of community detection in hypergraphs under a stochastic block model. Similarly to how the stochastic block model in graphs suggests studying spiked random matrices, our model motivates investigating statistical and computational limits of exact recovery in certain spiked tensor models. In contrast with the matrix case, the spiked model naturally arising from community detection in hypergraphs is different from the one arising in the so-called tensor Principal Component Analysis model. We investigate the effectiveness of algorithms in the Sum-of-Squares hierarchy on these models. Interestingly, our results suggest that these two apparently similar models might exhibit very different computational to statistical gaps.
Nowadays, mobile devices are equipped with a number of radio transceivers which are active every day and everywhere. As a result, vast amounts of data and technical logs are collected by mobile operators. For this rea...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509064847
Nowadays, mobile devices are equipped with a number of radio transceivers which are active every day and everywhere. As a result, vast amounts of data and technical logs are collected by mobile operators. For this reason, mobile phones have a great potential for sensing urban and rural mobility and population displacement. Therefore, in this article, we are proposing a new approach for estimating the location of mobile subscribers within the coverage area of a mobile network. The method created is based on enhanced Kalman filter featured with integrated mobility models. The algorithm allows estimating location of mobile subscribers by knowing only the network coverage cell to which they are connected. The results are very encouraging and they can be very beneficial for applications in intelligent transportation systems and location based services based on the use of Call Detail Records (CDRs) data.
DAVE is a comprehensive set of event detection techniques to monitor and detect 5 important verbal agitations: asking for help, verbal sexual advances, questions, cursing, and talking with repetitive sentences. The no...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509047222
DAVE is a comprehensive set of event detection techniques to monitor and detect 5 important verbal agitations: asking for help, verbal sexual advances, questions, cursing, and talking with repetitive sentences. The novelty of DAVE includes combining acoustic signal processing with three different text mining paradigms to detect verbal events (asking for help, verbal sexual advances, and questions) which need both lexical content and acoustic variations to produce accurate results. To detect cursing and talking with repetitive sentences we extend word sense disambiguation and sequential pattern mining algorithms. The solutions have applicability to monitoring dementia patients, for online video sharing applications, human computer interaction (HCI) systems, home safety, and other health care applications. A comprehensive performance evaluation across multiple domains includes audio clips collected from 34 real dementia patients, audio data from controlled environments, movies and Youtube clips, online data repositories, and healthy residents in real homes. The results show significant improvement over baselines and high accuracy for all 5 vocal events.
High frame rate and ultra-low delay image processing system plays an increasingly important role in human-machine interactive applications which call for a better experience. Current works based on vision chip target ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9784901122160
High frame rate and ultra-low delay image processing system plays an increasingly important role in human-machine interactive applications which call for a better experience. Current works based on vision chip target on video with simple patterns or simple shapes in order to get a higher speed, while a more complicated system is required for real-life applications. This paper proposes a BRIEF based matching system with high frame rate and ultra-low delay for specific object tracking, implemented on FPGA board. Local parallel and global pipeline based matching and 4-1-4 thread transformation are proposed for the implementation of this system. Local parallel and global pipeline based matching is proposed for high-speed matching. And 4-1-4 thread transformation is proposed to reduce the enormous resource cost caused by highly paralleled and pipelined structure. In a broader framework, the proposed image processing system is made parallelized and pipelined for a high throughput which can meet the high frame rate and ultra-low delay system's demand. Evaluation results show that the proposed image processing core can work at 1306fps and 0.808ms delay with the resolution of 640x480. System using the image processing core and a camera with 78.4fps frame rate and 640x480 resolution is designed.
Battery technology has been the bottleneck of the development of electric vehicle technology. In order to grasp the battery state in real time, it is becoming more and more important to design a battery management tec...
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Battery technology has been the bottleneck of the development of electric vehicle technology. In order to grasp the battery state in real time, it is becoming more and more important to design a battery management technology(BMS) that can monitor and adjust battery state in real time. SOC(State of charge) is an important parameter to describe the charge and discharge capacity of the battery. It is of great significance to give full play to the performance of the battery system, improve the safety of the battery, prevent the overcharge and discharge of the battery, and prolong the life of the battery. Therefore, BMS should be able to accurately estimate the SOC of battery in real time. This paper uses the method of OCV-AH to estimate the SOC of battery, and uses field-programmable gate array(FPGA) to realize this method from two aspects of hardware and software.
Spark is one of the most widely used frameworks for data analytics. Spark allows fast development for several applications like machine learning, graph computations, etc. In this paper, we present Spynq: A framework f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509043866
Spark is one of the most widely used frameworks for data analytics. Spark allows fast development for several applications like machine learning, graph computations, etc. In this paper, we present Spynq: A framework for the efficient deployment of data analytics on embedded systems that are based on the heterogeneous MPSoC FPGA called Pynq. The mapping of Spark on Pynq allows that fast deployment of embedded and cyber-physical systems that are used in edge and fog computing. The proposed platform is evaluated in a typical machine learning application based on logistic regression. The performance evaluation shows that the heterogeneous FPGA-based MPSoC can achieve up to 11x speedup compared to the execution time in the ARM cores and can reduce significantly the development time of embedded and cyber-physical systems on Spark applications.
This paper presents a hybrid collaborative braincomputer interface (cBCI) to improve group-based recognition of target faces in crowded scenes recorded from surveillance cameras. The cBCI uses a combination of neural ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509046034
This paper presents a hybrid collaborative braincomputer interface (cBCI) to improve group-based recognition of target faces in crowded scenes recorded from surveillance cameras. The cBCI uses a combination of neural features extracted from EEG and response times to estimate the decision confidence of the users. Group decisions are then obtained by weighing individual responses according to these confidence estimates. Results obtained with 10 participants indicate that the proposed cBCI improves decision errors by up to 7% over traditional group decisions based on majority. Moreover, the confidence estimates obtained by the cBCI are more accurate and robust than the confidence reported by the participants after each decision. These results show that cBCIs can be an effective means of human augmentation in realistic scenarios.
Galvanometer laser scanners are high-performance rotary motors for optical applications and are often utilized in production engineering. The dynamic properties of current scanner systems do not always fulfill the des...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509060009
Galvanometer laser scanners are high-performance rotary motors for optical applications and are often utilized in production engineering. The dynamic properties of current scanner systems do not always fulfill the desired requirements. The controler-based solutions that have been presented in the past years primarily concentrate on changes in operation points or simple trajectories and neglect to address general trajectory tracking. This becomes a crucial issue in many production processes. In this article, a modification of adaptive inverse control applied to scanner systems to improve the dynamics and simultaneously address parameter and environmental changes is presented. An online identification of the system via an LMS-algorithm delivers an adaptive model of the PID-stabilized galvanometer drives. An inversion based feed-forward controller is designed, to improve dynamics and suppress eigenmovements, e.g. overshooting. The performance is verified by an experimental setup in which the error is reduced by almost 90 % for the chosen example, compared to a state of the art scanner system.
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