Microservice architecture, renowned for its flexible scalability and loose coupling, has seen widespread adoption. However, this architecture has also become a prime target for network attackers, with low-rate denial ...
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The rapid development of various autonomous unmanned systems has increased the endogenous intelligence of machines, which empowers functional collaborations among intelligent machines. However, traditional protocols f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350333398
The rapid development of various autonomous unmanned systems has increased the endogenous intelligence of machines, which empowers functional collaborations among intelligent machines. However, traditional protocols for intelligent machine collaboration have limitations regarding functionality, efficiency, and scalability. Moreover, existing research on intelligent machine collaboration is not yet approaching a unified paradigm that facilitates interactions among machines and between machines and humans. Therefore, aiming to enable a more efficient functional collaboration among intelligent machines, we propose a natural language-based instruction (NLI) protocol, which enjoys the advantages of autonomy, robustness and efficiency. In particular, we specify the NLI protocol architecture by introducing a corpus of NLIs, an NLI generation module, and an NLI parsing module, wherein the corpus contains control instructions, intents and slots, the generation module is used to generate NLIs, and the parsing module is used to parse the intents and slots in the instruction. Furthermore, we case-study the proposed NLI protocol in an electromagnetic interference avoidance scenario based on semi-physical simulation with software-defined radio. Simulation results show that the NLI protocol is more robust and efficient than traditional control protocol in severe wireless channels, which validates the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing intelligent machine collaboration based on NLI.
Virtual Model control (VMC) is an approach to design a controller for force-controlled robots in complex uncertain environments. While this method was primarily investigated for legged robot locomotion in the past, it...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377712;9798350377705
Virtual Model control (VMC) is an approach to design a controller for force-controlled robots in complex uncertain environments. While this method was primarily investigated for legged robot locomotion in the past, it can be more generally applicable to other types of robotic systems. This paper investigates the VMC framework for reaching tasks in a force-controlled robotic arm. We propose six different approaches to designing virtual models in order to achieve reaching tasks in environments with obstacles and uncertainties. A force-controlled 8 degree-of-freedom humanoid robot was used to validate the proposed approach in the real world. We conducted three experiments to test the performance of VMC controllers in terms of predictability, sensitivity to external force, and adaptability against known and unknown obstacles. Experimental analyses show that, even though the proposed approach needs to sacrifice accuracy and trajectory optimality, it enables us to design complex reaching motions under uncertainties, in an intuitive and extendable manner.
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) facilitate communication and data exchange between vehicles and roadside infrastructure. Although integrating blockchain technology with V...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350387452;9798350387445
Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) facilitate communication and data exchange between vehicles and roadside infrastructure. Although integrating blockchain technology with VANETs enhances security and reliability, it poses significant challenges due to the high computational demands of the consensus process, leading to resource consumption and data processing delays. To address these issues, we introduce software-defined roadside units (SD-RSUs) that leverage Software-Defined Everything principles to transform traditional RSUs into multifunction, adaptive edge nodes, thereby improving network efficiency. We propose a novel network architecture for blockchain-integrated VANETs featuring Comprehensive Validator Nodes (CVNs) and Streamlined Interact Nodes (SINs). Simulations demonstrate that our approach enhances edge computing tasks and scalability while mitigating service disruptions typically associated with blockchain computations.
This paper presents a study on the design and control of a novel soft-rigid lower limb exoskeleton robot. First, based on anatomy, a novel exoskeleton structure design is proposed that applies Curl Pneumatic Artificia...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377712;9798350377705
This paper presents a study on the design and control of a novel soft-rigid lower limb exoskeleton robot. First, based on anatomy, a novel exoskeleton structure design is proposed that applies Curl Pneumatic Artificial Muscles (CPAMs) to lower limb joints to actuate lower limb movement, and transmit force and motion through rigid parts. A phenomenological characteristic model of the CPAM based on experimental tests and fitting methods is constructed for exoskeleton control. Then, a feedforward-feedback hybrid control method based on four CPAM characteristic models is proposed to improve the control accuracy and stability of the exoskeleton. A human-in-the-loop control method based on human-robot hybrid dynamics modeling and human intentions and states is proposed to improve the human-robot interaction performance of exoskeletons. Experimental results show that feedforward-feedback hybrid control can reduce the maximum tracking error of the exoskeleton to 3.4% for hip, 2.9% for knee, and 4.7% for ankle joint. The exoskeleton can achieve intentional control based on EMG signals. With the assistance of the exoskeleton, the muscle activity of the human lower limbs is reduced by an average of 32.2%. The proposed soft-rigid lower limb exoskeleton robot has the advantages of being lightweight, having good flexibility, being comfortable wearing and having good human-computer interaction, which can improve efficiency. In the future, it will provide more effective intelligent rehabilitation equipment for patients with lower limb movement disorders.
Wireless-powered mobile edge computing (WP-MEC) revolutionizes resource-efficient and pervasive processing at wireless network edges. At the same time, the cooperation between the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350304060;9798350304053
Wireless-powered mobile edge computing (WP-MEC) revolutionizes resource-efficient and pervasive processing at wireless network edges. At the same time, the cooperation between the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) and WP-MEC tackles difficult resource management issues. To this end, a novel performance evaluation index, named energy cost-effectiveness, is presented first to model differentiated service transmission performances. Then, a collaborative transmission mechanism combined with IRS adaptive association and a joint resource allocation scheme are designed respectively to address coupled performances and resource management. Finally, the energy cost-effectiveness is maximized by jointly optimizing communication, energy, computing, and IRS resources subject to the finite computation capability using the Dinkelbach algorithm and block coordinate descent algorithm. The presented results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed collaborative transmission and resource management in significantly improving energy cost-effectiveness, reducing latency, and enhancing overall system performance. The impact of IRS association with proper numbers and configuration procedures on performance enhancement is also explored in this ***-powered mobile edge computing (WP-MEC) revolutionizes resource-efficient and pervasive processing at wireless network edges. At the same time, the cooperation between the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) and WP-MEC tackles difficult resource management issues. To this end, a novel performance evaluation index, named energy cost-effectiveness, is presented first to model differentiated service transmission performances. Then, a collaborative transmission mechanism combined with IRS adaptive association and a joint resource allocation scheme are designed respectively to address coupled performances and resource management. Finally, the energy cost-effectiveness is maximized by jointly optimizing communication, energy, computing, a
This work explores an innovative algorithm designed to enhance the mobility of underactuated bipedal robots across challenging terrains, especially when navigating through spaces with constrained opportunities for foo...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377712;9798350377705
This work explores an innovative algorithm designed to enhance the mobility of underactuated bipedal robots across challenging terrains, especially when navigating through spaces with constrained opportunities for foot support, like steps or stairs. By combining ankle torque with a refined angular momentum-based linear inverted pendulum model (ALIP), our method allows variability in the robot's center of mass height. We employ a dual-strategy controller that merges virtual constraints for precise motion regulation across essential degrees of freedom with an ALIP-centric model predictive control (MPC) framework, aimed at enforcing gait stability. The effectiveness of our feedback design is demonstrated through its application on the Cassie bipedal robot, which features 20 degrees of freedom. Key to our implementation is the development of tailored nominal trajectories and an optimized MPC that reduces the execution time to under 500 microseconds-and, hence, is compatible with Cassie's controller update frequency. This paper not only showcases the successful hardware deployment but also demonstrates a new capability, a bipedal robot using a moving walkway.
Despite extensive research on sliding mode control (SMC) design for quadrotors, the existing approaches have certain limitations. Euler angle-based SMC formulations suffer from poor performance in high-pitch or -roll ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377712;9798350377705
Despite extensive research on sliding mode control (SMC) design for quadrotors, the existing approaches have certain limitations. Euler angle-based SMC formulations suffer from poor performance in high-pitch or -roll maneuvers. Quaternion-based SMC approaches have unwinding issues and complex architecture. Coordinate-free methods are slow and only almost globally stable. This paper presents a new six degrees of freedom SMC flight controller to address the above limitations. We use a cascaded architecture with a position controller in the outer loop and a quaternion-based attitude controller in the inner loop. The position controller generates the desired trajectory for the attitude controller using a coordinatefree approach. The quaternion-based attitude controller uses the natural characteristics of the quaternion hypersphere, featuring a simple structure while providing global stability and avoiding unwinding issues. We compare our controller with three other common control methods conducting challenging maneuvers like flip-over and high-speed trajectory tracking in the presence of model uncertainties and disturbances. Our controller consistently outperforms the benchmark approaches with less control effort and actuator saturation, offering highly effective and efficient flight control. Notations: Scalars are in italics, vectors in lowercase bold, and matrices in uppercase bold.
A crucial challenge for autonomous systems is implementing high intelligence levels. Teaching platforms of intelligent autonomous systems is developed for fixed-wing UAVs formation. With multiple levels of autonomous ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350354416;9798350354409
A crucial challenge for autonomous systems is implementing high intelligence levels. Teaching platforms of intelligent autonomous systems is developed for fixed-wing UAVs formation. With multiple levels of autonomous circuits covered, the intelligent autonomous system achieves autonomous decisions for three levels of intelligence. Situation awareness, mission planning, collision avoidance, and guidance are implemented by designing algorithms. Formation flight experiments in the form of leader-follower were performed, with results demonstrating the effectiveness and feasibility of the developed teaching platforms.
Smart cameras have gained immense popularity in commercial markets for their safety and security capabilities. Yet, the prevalent design of these intelligent camera systems often compels users to cede control of their...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350386066;9798350386059
Smart cameras have gained immense popularity in commercial markets for their safety and security capabilities. Yet, the prevalent design of these intelligent camera systems often compels users to cede control of their data to potentially untrusted service providers, such as cloud services. This relinquishment can lead to unauthorized data access by these intermediaries, posing significant security and privacy risks. The conventional solutions have been to employ privacy-enhancing technologies to bypass these intermediaries, but at the cost of increased overhead for video streaming and sharing. In our study, we introduce SecSCS, a user-centric, blockchain-based secure camera system that incorporates essential features like video streaming, sharing, deletion, and permission restoration. SecSCS integrates a blockchain-enabled user login protocol with a secure device pairing mechanism that combines visual authorization with blockchain to flexibly manage the device ownership. We utilize blockchain to provide integrity protection for the video clips stored remotely, ensuring the video data remains tamper-proof. Furthermore, we present a video frame compression and a fast video encryption method aimed at boosting the efficiency of smart camera systems. Our evaluations show that, in comparison to the leading decentralized scheme, CaCTUs, SecSCS improves the computational and communication overhead for live streaming by a factor of 12.58 and 11.29, respectively, at a frame rate of 24 fps and a resolution of 720p.
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