Simulation is a crucial tool for accelerating the development of autonomous vehicles. Making simulation realistic requires models of the human road users who interact with such cars. Such models can be obtained by app...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728196817
Simulation is a crucial tool for accelerating the development of autonomous vehicles. Making simulation realistic requires models of the human road users who interact with such cars. Such models can be obtained by applying learning from demonstration (LfD) to trajectories observed by cars already on the road. However, existing LfD methods are typically insufficient, yielding policies that frequently collide or drive off the road. To address this problem, we propose Symphony, which greatly improves realism by combining conventional policies with a parallel beam search. The beam search refines these policies on the fly by pruning branches that are unfavourably evaluated by a discriminator. However, it can also harm diversity, i.e., how well the agents cover the entire distribution of realistic behaviour, as pruning can encourage mode collapse. Symphony addresses this issue with a hierarchical approach, factoring agent behaviour into goal generation and goal conditioning. The use of such goals ensures that agent diversity neither disappears during adversarial training nor is pruned away by the beam search. Experiments on both proprietary and open Waymo datasets confirm that Symphony agents learn more realistic and diverse behaviour than several baselines.
This paper mainly focuses on various two-point methods of identifying the First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) model, and their impact on control quality. The following criteria were used to match the identification me...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781665468589
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665468596;9781665468589
This paper mainly focuses on various two-point methods of identifying the First Order Plus Time Delay (FOPTD) model, and their impact on control quality. The following criteria were used to match the identification method: ISE between the response of the real system and the model and the normalized delay time. The work used two different tuning techniques: QDR and pidtune. A three-tank interacting and non-interacting system was used as a model for the tests. All tests were simulated in Matlab environment, ISE and settling time were used to assess the quality of control.
Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have been widely employed to drive various soft robots, due to their quiet fast muscle-like behavior. It is significant but challenging to model and control these soft actuators, ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728196817
Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) have been widely employed to drive various soft robots, due to their quiet fast muscle-like behavior. It is significant but challenging to model and control these soft actuators, due to their viscoelastic property, irregular geometry, complex structure, etc. In this paper, we propose a data-driven sparse identification method to discover the hidden governing equations of DEAs. These equations can help us interpret the nonlinear properties of DEAs. Due to their low computational cost, we can further use these equations to explore classic model-based control methods for real-time accurate control of viscoelastic DEAs. The experiments show that the proposed method can model the viscoelastic behavior of the DEAs with reasonable accuracy. A feedforward controller is finally developed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It is expected that this modeling method can pave the way for accurate control of soft actuators/robots with structural and material nonlinearities.
The P300 is a specific component of the event-related potentials (ERPs) and has been extensively utilized in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. Numerous neural network models have been implemented to detect ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331506100
The P300 is a specific component of the event-related potentials (ERPs) and has been extensively utilized in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. Numerous neural network models have been implemented to detect P300 and achieve outstanding results in intra-subject scenarios. However, in real-world situations where data streams from different subjects arrive sequentially, intra-subject models are time-consuming and resource-intensive. This necessitates research into cross-subject scenarios. To address this issue, we propose a continual learning (CL) method, named Elastic Weight Consolidation with Bayesian Neural Network (EWC-BCNN), for cross-subject P300 decoding. Specifically, EWC-BCNN comprises two main modules: EWC and BCNN. EWC employs a regularization term to penalize significant changes in parameters deemed important. Additionally, BCNN quantifies parameter uncertainty, identifying and protecting crucial knowledge. By integrating BCNN, EWC can make more informed decisions about which weights to preserve and to what extent, thus enhancing its ability to balance the retention of past knowledge with the adaptation to new information. We evaluated our method on two public P300 datasets. Our experimental results demonstrate that EWC-BCNN achieves better P300 detection performance than point-estimate networks. Furthermore, EWC-BCNN outperforms other state-of-the-art CL methods.
The rotation orthonormalization on the special orthogonal group SO(n), also known as the high dimensional nearest rotation problem, has been revisited. A new generalized simple iterative formula has been proposed that...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350323658
The rotation orthonormalization on the special orthogonal group SO(n), also known as the high dimensional nearest rotation problem, has been revisited. A new generalized simple iterative formula has been proposed that solves this problem in a completely rational manner. Rational operations allow for efficient implementation on various platforms and also significantly simplify the synthesis of large-scale circuitization. The developed scheme is also capable of designing efficient fundamental rational algorithms, for example, quaternion normalization, which outperforms long-exisiting solvers. Furthermore, an SO(n) neural network has been developed for further learning purpose on the rotation group. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and show the superiority against existing representatives. Applications show that the proposed orthonormalizer is of potential in robotic pose estimation problems, e.g., hand-eye calibration.
This paper is focused on safe mapless navigation of mobile robots in unknown and possibly complex environments containing both internal and dynamic obstacles. We present a novel modular approach that combines the stre...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781728196817
This paper is focused on safe mapless navigation of mobile robots in unknown and possibly complex environments containing both internal and dynamic obstacles. We present a novel modular approach that combines the strengths of artificial potential functions (APF) with deep reinforcement learning. Differing from related work, the robot learns how to adjust the two input parameters of the APF controller as necessary through soft actor-critic algorithm. Environmental complexity measures are introduced in order to ensure that the robot's training covers a range of learning scenarios that vary in regard to maneuvering difficulty. Our experimental results show that differing from the classical navigation methods and end-to-end models, the robot can navigate successfully on its own even in complex scenarios with moving entities without requiring any maps.
In recent years, increasing the energy efficiency of buildings has become one of the objectives of facility managers. Advanced control methods can be used to improve the efficiency of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Con...
详细信息
In paper, forecasting models using exponential smoothing for Polish coal mining safety accidents are presented. Prior to this, data is analyzed and approach for building forecasting models in Tableau is described in d...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781665468589
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665468596;9781665468589
In paper, forecasting models using exponential smoothing for Polish coal mining safety accidents are presented. Prior to this, data is analyzed and approach for building forecasting models in Tableau is described in details. Three forecasting models are revealed, respectively for all accidents in coal mines, fatal accidents and employment. Received results are promising and confidence intervals cover the predictions well. Improved forecast accuracy with presented models might provide coal mine enterprises more precise data, supporting safety management in those organizations.
Aiming at the obstacle avoidance path optimization problem for a robot to reach a specified goal point in an area on the same plane, this paper analyzes different path optimization models, and at the same time divides...
详细信息
A novel method for classifying glasses using deep neural networks is presented. The study uses data from the USA Forensic Science Service to classify six different varieties of glass according to their oxide level. Th...
详细信息
暂无评论