With the rapid growth of mm-wave wireless technologies, phased arrays are essential to meet the stringent link-budget requirements under path losses. However, antenna array inter-element coupling distorts each antenna...
With the rapid growth of mm-wave wireless technologies, phased arrays are essential to meet the stringent link-budget requirements under path losses. However, antenna array inter-element coupling distorts each antenna load from its nominal 50Ω impedance, commonly known as antenna voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), degrading the array radiation pattern and each transmitter-element performance. Moreover, an antenna VSWR depends on the array-element location and the beamforming coefficients, complicating any correction/compensation schemes [1]. With mismatched antenna loads, the desired actual element gain, radiated power, and radiation pattern often deviate significantly from the target values.
In this paper, an apparatus for the automatic detection of the state of automotive sensors is presented. In particular, we consider ultrasonic parking sensors, cameras, and radar units, mounted in cable bundles and as...
In this paper, an apparatus for the automatic detection of the state of automotive sensors is presented. In particular, we consider ultrasonic parking sensors, cameras, and radar units, mounted in cable bundles and assembled into front and rear bumpers. The system operation relies on the DC electrical properties of the sensors, and recognizes if a sensor is correctly connected within the system and is working properly. A microcontroller board is used to communicate the sensor state to a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). Once the validation check is performed, the results are displayed on a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to immediately detect errors in connections or failed sensors. The system is implemented in a real industrial scenario, allowing the manufacturer to reduce work effort, time, and costs for the assembly and validation of automotive components. The system is described at the hardware level as well concerning for its functionality.
In the rapid evolution of the Internet of Things, wireless communication technologies are particularly crucial. Among these, Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh technology has garnered attention due to its cost-effectiveness, l...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331527624
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331527631
In the rapid evolution of the Internet of Things, wireless communication technologies are particularly crucial. Among these, Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh technology has garnered attention due to its cost-effectiveness, low energy consumption, and high scalability. Although BLE Mesh applications are widespread, challenges remain in achieving stable communication and control among devices in actual sensor networks. This study aims to bridge this gap by designing a wireless sensor IoT control system based on BLE Mesh technology, addressing issues of connectivity instability and high energy consumption. The methodology includes a systematic design and implementation, utilizing BLE Mesh technology to develop a comprehensive system comprising sensor nodes, gateway devices, and application software. Key findings demonstrate the system's capability to support low-power operation of large-scale devices, enhance data transmission efficiency, and feature self-healing properties. This research confirms the potential of BLE Mesh technology in IoT control systems and offers a novel technological approach for the interconnection of smart devices.
Surface acoustic waves (SAW) magnetic field sensors are promising in magnetic field and electric current detection applications. Acoustic waves have different frequency-magnetic field responses when SAWs propagate alo...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350331462
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350331479
Surface acoustic waves (SAW) magnetic field sensors are promising in magnetic field and electric current detection applications. Acoustic waves have different frequency-magnetic field responses when SAWs propagate along on the hard axis and easy axis of the magnetic film, respectively. Here, we theoretically investigate an integrated differential SAW magnetic field sensor that consists of two SAW resonators based on the
$\mathbf{CoFeB}/\mathbf{SiO}_{2}/\mathbf{quartz}$
structure. By designing the angle between SAW propagation directions of two SAW resonators and the hard axis of the magnetic film, the magnetic field sensitivity of the SAW magnetic field sensor is improved theoretically. The thermal stability of the differential SAW magnetic field sensor is also improved. The results are beneficial for developing SAW magnetic field sensors with high sensitivities.
Digitalization in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) will also change and heavily influence the possibilities in the industrial environment. However, in order to realize corresponding wireless sensor networks...
Digitalization in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) will also change and heavily influence the possibilities in the industrial environment. However, in order to realize corresponding wireless sensor networks, conventional technologies can reach their limits, which is why light-based approaches have also attracted increased interest and been investigated in recent years. In the present work, the application of Visible Light Sensing (VLS) is investigated for a frequently occurring task in industry. A rotating shaft is to be monitored online in a non-contact manner with respect to its rotational speed as well as operational distortions that can occur over time. VLS provides possibilities for a corresponding low-cost sensor system of low complexity, which in addition can be implemented in a simple way into the existing lighting infrastructure. The performance of this approach was tested and proven experimentally under varying conditions.
Global state determination of distributed systems gives information that is useful in applications of checkpointing, distributed garbage collection, deadlock detection, distributed algorithm termination detection, eve...
Global state determination of distributed systems gives information that is useful in applications of checkpointing, distributed garbage collection, deadlock detection, distributed algorithm termination detection, event boundary detection, distributed debugging, etc. Determination of the global state in a wireless sensor network needs a different approach than of traditional distributed networks due to unique properties of WSN like a constraint on resources, energy constraints, remote hazardous environments where sensors are deployed, network topology that is dynamic in nature, etc. In this paper, we propose a distributed snapshot algorithm that is scalable, robust, and provides efficient communication among WSN nodes which is based on tree architecture. We designed an algorithm in such a way that it can easily be scaled to any number of nodes without affecting the performance of the underlying system and it can effectively handle packet loss so that the communication cost of the whole system is maintained as minimal. We performed simulations in OMNET++ and did the analysis of results based on the number of messages exchanged, response time, and performance in packet loss situations.
Recently, the utilization of mobile sinks (MSs) has gained significant attention in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) research due to its potential for improving network lifetime compared to traditional static sinks. Ho...
Recently, the utilization of mobile sinks (MSs) has gained significant attention in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) research due to its potential for improving network lifetime compared to traditional static sinks. However, mobility in WSNs still presents challenges such as node failures in random mobility techniques and high computational and processing resources required in predicted mobility approaches, which can impact long-term stability and network lifetime. In this study, we propose a Predefined Path Constrained Mobility (PPCM) routing protocol utilizing multiple sinks stationed at different areas of the network. These sinks move in a fixed pattern to collect data from sensor nodes. Through evaluation, we demonstrate that the PPCM protocol outperforms existing routing protocols such as Random Multiple Mobile Sink (RMMS) and Multiple Random Mobile Sink Confined (MRMS-C) protocols in terms of overall network lifetime. The proposed protocol offers a potential solution to address routing challenges in WSNs with the use of mobile sinks.
This paper presents an innovative IoT-based car parking system aimed at solving parking issues. Our proposed application aims to develop a user-friendly mobile application that integrates with IoT technology to provid...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350354751
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350354768
This paper presents an innovative IoT-based car parking system aimed at solving parking issues. Our proposed application aims to develop a user-friendly mobile application that integrates with IoT technology to provide real-time updates on parking availability. With the growing number of users, it is necessary to implement a more efficient and data-driven parking management system. The key issue this project aims to address is the challenge of finding available parking spaces for users. This problem causes inconvenience, congestion, and wasted time. This paper proposes a design methodology that incorporates Infrared (IR) sensors into each parking slot to accurately detect the presence of cars. The data is sent to a cloud server and seamlessly integrated into a mobile app for the user to access. The project’s major results include the successful development of a mobile application using the Flutter framework, which provides a cross-platform solution for users. Firebase was utilized as the database and user authentication system for efficient data management. The evaluation results show that the IoT-based car parking system has greatly enhanced the users’ parking experience by enabling them to easily locate and reserve parking spaces.
Localized Surface plasmon-based sensors offer distinct advantages over traditional Surface Plasmon resonance-based sensors due to their enhanced sensitivity. Silver-TiO2 is chosen as the material composition for the L...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350370249
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350370270
Localized Surface plasmon-based sensors offer distinct advantages over traditional Surface Plasmon resonance-based sensors due to their enhanced sensitivity. Silver-TiO2 is chosen as the material composition for the LSPR-based sensor due to its higher precision, high chemical stability, low cost, and environmental friendliness which is ideal for optical sensing applications. By varying the size, metal filling fraction, dielectric constant, and using blood as the sensing medium, the optical properties of an LSPR-based Silver-TiO2 sensor are determined using Maxwell Garnett’s Theory and the Extinction Coefficient. Based on this, the peak of the extinction coefficient for a diabetic blood sample was found to be $1.7164 \times 10^{-16}$. Based on the data collected, the study reveals that the LSPR-based Silver-TiO2 sensor is effective for detection of sugar concentration in human blood.
Smart home systems aim to provide more accessible and easier services such as security management, lighting, savings, and daily life needs by using wireless communication standards and tools. This study aims to propos...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350395914
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350395921
Smart home systems aim to provide more accessible and easier services such as security management, lighting, savings, and daily life needs by using wireless communication standards and tools. This study aims to propose a low-cost and open-sourced smart home automation system using the Internet of Things architecture by integrating motion, gas, and heat sensors into Arduino Mega and mobile applications. During the system design process, we preferred sensors that adopt low energy consumption features and allow real-time data to be transferred from residences to homeowners. Obtained raw data from the home environment through sensors is visualized with the IoT analytics function in the system and delivered to the homeowner in the form of a report via the mobile application. After programming essential functions and modelling prototypes, we conducted feasibility techniques using simulation and peer-review performance tests. The test results show that smart home automation systems can be developed using open-sourced sensors and integrated into IoT Analytics platforms and mobile applications. We believe that the proposed system will positively contribute to their literature in the context of integrating IoT analytics and mobile application support and make homeowners' control of their residences easier.
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