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international conference on VLSI Design

作者： Nitin S. Kale Nanosniff Technologies Pvt Ltd

The microfabrication technology has had a chequered history of over 50 years in the field of microelectronics. Aggressive miniaturization of microelectronic devices has resulted in faster logic circuits and it has also reduced their power requirements. MOSFET device dimensions have already entered the sub-100 nanometer regime. The same principles of microfabrication were applied to make miniaturized 3-dimensional mechanical structures. This helped in the advent of micro electro-mechanical systems or MEMS. Initially, i.e. in early nineties, the MEMS field was dominated by mechanical applications. However, now MEMS refers to all miniaturized systems including silicon based mechanical drivers, chemical and biological sensors and actuators, and miniature devices made from plastics or ceramics. The half-day tutorial would begin with a synoptic overview of the area, highlight some of the challenges and outline the scope of the tutorial. It would be followed with an introduction to the design of microsensors, such as the pressure sensor and the accelerometer that began the MEMS revolution. Micromachined Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS), also called Microfabricated Systems (MS), have evoked great interest in the scientific and engineering communities. This is primarily due to several substantive advantages that MEMS offer: orders of magnitude smaller size, better performance than other solutions, possibilities for batch fabrication and cost-effective integration with electronics, virtually zero dc power consumption and potentially large reduction in power consumption, etc. The application domains cover microsensors and actuators for physical quantities (MEMS), of which MEMS for automobile & consumer electronics forms a large segment; microfabricated subsystems for communications and computer systems (RF-MEMS & MOMS); and microfabricated systems for chemical assay (microTAS) and for biochemical and biomedical assay (bioMEMS and DNA chips). This tutorial would give an introd

关键词： Micromechanical devices Tutorials Chemicals Nanobioscience Silicon Very large scale integration

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Proceedings of Ninth international conference on Wireless Communication and sensor Networks: WCSN 2013 1

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丛书名： Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

2014年

作者： Radhakrishna Maringanti, Murlidhar Tiwari, Anish Arora (eds.)

ISBN: (数字)9788132218234

ISBN: (纸本)9788132218227;9788132218234

Wireless communication and sensor networks would form the backbone to create pervasive and ubiquitous environments that would have profound influence on the society and thus are important to the society. The wireless communication technologies and wireless sensor networks would encompass a wide range of domains such as HW devices such as motes, sensors and associated instrumentation, actuators, transmitters, receivers, antennas, etc., sensor network aspects such as topologies, routing algorithms, integration of heterogeneous network elements and topologies, designing RF devices and systems for energy efficiency and reliability etc. These sensor networks would provide opportunity to continuously and in a distributed manner monitor the environment and generate the necessary warnings and actions. However most of the developments have been demonstrated only in controlled and laboratory environments. So we are yet to see those powerful, ubiquitous applications for the benefit of the society. The conference and consequentially the proceedings would provide opportunity to the researchers to interact with other researchers and share their researches covering all the above areas. The proceedings of the conference thus covers the research work of different authors in the area of wireless sensor networks, wireless communications, devices, tools and techniques for WSN, and applications of wireless sensor *** book is beneficial for those researchers who are working in the area of wireless sensor networks, wireless communication, and developing applications of Wireless sensor networks.

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Systematic Design of Trust Management Systems for Wireless sensor Networks : A Review

Systematic Design of Trust Management Systems for Wireless S...

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4th international conference on Advanced Computing and Communication technologies (ACCT)

作者： Vamsi, P. Raghu Kant, Krishna Jaypee Inst Informat Technol Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479949106

Conventional cryptography methods alone are not adequate for secure routing in Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs). These networks are more vulnerable to security attacks due to their diverse applications, lack of supervision and limitations in view of resource, processing and storage. To mitigate these problems, trust is widely used as a tool to provide better security by aiding routing protocols. In recent years, numerous researchers have proposed wide variety of solutions based on trust. However, all these solutions carry their own design. In this paper, we attempt to present steps for a systematic design of trust management systems for WSNs. In addition, we address the techniques followed by scholars in implementing trust frameworks. Furthermore, we provide discussion on state-of-the-art research in designing trust systems with summary and comparisons.

关键词： Trust models and design secure routing aggregation intrusion detection

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Augmenting women’s safety-in-numbers in railway carriages with wireless sensor networks

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Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2015年 380卷 193-202页

作者： Rahul, Anusha Narayanan, Vishnu Devassy, Alin Ramachandran, Anand Amrita Center for Wireless Networks and Applications Amrita University Coimbatore India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amrita University Coimbatore India Analog Devices Inc Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9788132225225

Sexual harassment of women traveling on railway carriages is a widespread problem. The predominant method used to address this problem is for women to travel in groups, utilizing Safety-in-Numbers, to hinder and discourage attacks against them. However, when the number of women in a railway carriage is low, there is no safety system in place to detect the imminent danger and proactively alert security personnel. In this work, we consider a system that keeps track of the number of passengers in a railway carriage using a wireless sensor network and automatically notifies security personnel when the number of passengers goes below a certain threshold. Here, we consider different scenarios and evaluate if our solution approach will work in the different cases considered. We also evaluated different techniques for automatically counting the number of people aboard a railway carriage. Our initial experimental results show that we are able to estimate the number of people in a room (considered in lieu of a railway carriage) with a high degree of accuracy using the background subtraction method. We hope that the proposed architecture in concert with the people counting technique will be able to significantly improve the safety of women traveling in railway carriages. © Springer India 2016.

关键词： Global system for mobile communications

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Development of an heterogeneous wireless sensor network for instrumentation and analysis of beehives

Development of an heterogeneous wireless sensor network for ...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology conference

作者： Fiona Edwards Murphy Emanuel Popovici Pádraig Whelan Michele Magno Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Cork Ireland School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences (BEES) University College Cork Ireland ETH Zurich Integrated Systems Laboratory Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479961153

Honey bees have held a critical role in agriculture and nutrition from the dawn of human civilisation. The most crucial role of the bee is pollination; the value of pollination dependant crops is estimated at € 155 billion per year with honey bees identified as the most important pollinator insect. It is clear that honey bees are a vitally important part of the environment which cannot be allowed to fall into decline. The project outlined in this paper uses Wireless sensor Network (WSN) technology to monitor a beehive colony and collect key information about activity/environment within a beehive as well as its surrounding area. This project uses low power WSN technologies, including novel sensing techniques, energy neutral operation, and multi-radio communications; together with cloud computing to monitor the behaviour within a beehive. The insights gained through this activity could reduce long term costs and improve the yield of beekeeping, as well as providing new scientific evidence for a range of honey bee health issues. WSN is an emerging modern technology, key to the novel concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). Comprised of embedded sensing, computing and wireless communication devices, they have found applications in nearly every aspect of daily life. Informed by biologists' hypotheses, this work used existing, commercially available WSN platforms together with custom built systems in an innovative application to monitor honey bee health and activity in order to better understand how to remotly monitor the health and behaviour of the bees. Heterogeneous sensors were deployed, monitoring the honey bees in the hive (temperature, CO2, pollutants etc.). Weather conditions throughout the deployment were recorded and a relationship between the hive conditions and external conditions was observed. A full solution is presented including a smart hive, communication, and data aggregation and visualisation tools. Future work will focus on improving the energy perform

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Monitoring Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Biomedical monitoring Agriculture

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Lightweight Balanced Power Saving MAC Protocol for Wireless sensor Networks

Lightweight Balanced Power Saving MAC Protocol for Wireless ...

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6th IFIP international conference on New technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

作者： Idoudi, Hanen Univ Manouba Natl Sch Comp Sci Manouba 2010 Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479932238

sensors are battery powered devices which are attracting a tremendous attention owing to their wide range of applications. To overcome their intrinsic power limitations, reducing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a critical issue to expand their lifespan. Balancing nodes' activities and duty cycling are efficient ways that could enhance WSN's performances. Yet, most existing works only rely on these mechanisms to optimize energy consumption at MAC layer without taking into account the upper layers overhead. In this paper, we introduce a new power saving mechanism for wireless sensor networks that achieves cross-layer functioning to provide an adaptive duty cycle and a minimum routing overhead. This mechanism relies on two basic functions: an asynchronous duty cycling for nodes' activity balancing and a lightweight geographic routing. We show through several simulations that our proposed approach outperforms existing works in terms of residual energy, energy consumption balancing and packets delivery ratio.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks energy saving load balancing MAC protocols routing

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Capturing and Analyzing Pervasive Data for SmartHealth

Capturing and Analyzing Pervasive Data for SmartHealth

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28th IEEE international conference on Advanced Information Networking and applications Workshops (IEEE WAINA)

作者： Ng, Joseph Kee-Yin Wang, Jiantao Lam, Kam-Yiu Kam, Calvin Ho Chuen Han, Song Hong Kong Baptist Univ Dept Comp Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Hong Kong Baptist Univ Res Ctr Ubiquitous Comp Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China City Univ Hong Kong Dept Comp Sci Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Connecticut Dept Comp Sci & Engn Storrs CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479936298

In this paper, we study how mobile computing and wireless technologies can be explored to provide effective ubiquitous healthcare services. Instead of reinventing the wheels, we make use of smartphones, off-the-shelf components, and existing technologies in ubiquitous computing (i.e. wireless and mobile positioning technologies, and data acquisition techniques and processing via sensors) to develop a middleware, and tools for the development of systems and applications to provide effective ubiquitous healthcare services. Two main tasks to be studied are: 1) Developing a framework, called SmartHealth, to provide the infrastructure and architectural support for realizing ubiquitous healthcare services;and 2) Designing and developing ubiquitous healthcare applications by utilizing the SmartHelath framework to let users experience and benefit from the provided services. We use scenarios to illustrate how mobile/wireless and sensor technologies can enable ubiquitous healthcare services in SmartHealth. Some of the examples included in SmartHealth are: location tracking, vital signs and well-being data acquisition and analysis, fall detection and behavior monitoring, and sleep analysis. As a start, based on the SmartHealth framework, we introduce a smartphone app, called SmartMood, for tracking the mood of patients who are suffering mood disorder (i.e., manic and depression) to demonstrate how SmartHealth can effectively enable ubiquitous healthcare services.

关键词： Smart Health Health Care Ubiquitous/Pervasive Computing Wireless Communication sensor Data Management

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Approach to sensor Node Calibration for Efficient Localisation in Wireless sensor Networks in Realistic Scenarios

Approach to Sensor Node Calibration for Efficient Localisati...

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5th international conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and technologies (ANT) / 4th international conference on Sustainable Energy Information Technology (SEIT)

作者： Mwila, Martin K. Djouani, Karim Kurien, Anish F SATIE Tshwane Univ Technol CSIR ZA-001 Pretoria South Africa Univ Paris 12 F SATIE Tshwane Univ Technol Creteil France F SATIE Tshwane Univ Technol TUT ZA-001 Pretoria South Africa

Localisation or position determination is one of the most important applications for the wireless sensor networks. Numerous current techniques for localisation of sensor nodes use the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) from sensor nodes because of its simplicity and cost. Non-linearities in RSSI circuits, the antenna radiation pattern and path loss model parameter estimation may result in accuracy of the localisation algorithm. Therefore, environmental characterisation of radio propagation basic mechanisms is a fundamental step toward the design of ranging and localisation algorithms able to work properly in realistic scenarios. Furthermore, positioning systems are migrating towards hybridisation where data coming from heterogeneous technologies are fused to improve localisation accuracy and coverage. This paper presents an improved mathematical model for ranging using RSSI in realistic practical scenarios as well as measurement methodologies to use during calibration experiments in order to quantify each parameter involved in a localisation algorithm using a sensor data fusion approach. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Antenna Radiation Pattern Node Localisation sensor Data Fusion Gauss-Newton Optimisation

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Implementation of Wireless sensor Network using Microblaze and Picoblaze Processors

Implementation of Wireless Sensor Network using Microblaze a...

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4th international conference on Communication Systems and Network technologies (CSNT)

作者： Borawake, Seema M. Chilveri, P. G. SKNCOE E&TC Pune Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479930708

A wireless sensor network has a substitute for traditional wired monitoring systems. Wireless monitoring systems helps to reduce the complex wiring and power consumption of the system in tern installation cost of the system. It increases the reliability of the system for long term applications such as structural health monitoring, Health care, control and security etc. Wireless sensor network (WSN) consist spatially distributed sensors, computing and communicating elements. This system is implemented using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). It has master-slave architecture. Master is designed with Picoblaze and slave with Microblaze soft core processor. These two softcore processors are optimized for Xilinx FPGA and implemented using ISE and EDK software suite. To implement WSN on FPGA is the challenging task of the system. This will overcome precincts of traditional processor such as reliability, flexibility and very important aspect durability with high processing speed. It reduced the processing time to nanoseconds. Wireless sensor nodes are communicating using ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4 standard). It is RF transceiver operate in 2.4-2.843 GHz ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band.

关键词： Field Programmable Gate Arrays Wireless sensor Network Softcore processor ZigBee

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Enhancement of the Sensitivity of a Piezoresistive sensor using SCR's Orientation

Enhancement of the Sensitivity of a Piezoresistive Sensor us...

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international conference on Robotics and Emerging Allied technologies in Engineering (iCREATE)

作者： Shahid, Tayyab Iqbal, Azhar Janjua, Taha Coll Elect & Mech NUST Dept Mechatron Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479951321

The sensitivity of a piezoresistive sensor holds great importance in case of bio-medical applications. In this paper, we will discuss about how to enhance the sensitivity of a cantilever based piezoresistive sensor. The methodology behind this enhancement is creating Stress Concentration Region (SCR) on the beam. These SCR's are created by introducing defects on the beam. As the Stress Concentrated Region elements increases the stresses, the deformation will increase which will lead to the enhancement of the sensitivity of piezoresistive sensor. With introduction of a Optimal defect (Star design) and in comparison with the previous defects, this paper will lead to a enhanced sensitive piezoresistive sensor.

关键词： Optimization Strength Concentration Region Piezoresistive sensor Cantilever based System

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