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检索条件"任意字段=International Dagstuhl Workshop on Model-Based Engineering of Embedded Real-Time Systems"

共 553 条记录，以下是91-100 订阅

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On-chip Watchdog to monitor RTOS activity in MPSoC exposed to noisy environment 10

On-chip Watchdog to monitor RTOS activity in MPSoC exposed t...

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10th international workshop on the Electromagnetic Compatibility of Integrated Circuits, EMC Compo 2015

作者： De Oliveira, Christofer Bolzani Poehls, Leticia Vargas, Fabian Electrical Engineering Dept. Catholic University - PUCRS Av. Ipiranga 6681 Porto Alegre90619-900 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467378963

The use of real-time Operating System (RTOS) became a mandatory condition to design safety-critical real-time embedded systems based on multicore processors. At the same time, these systems are becoming more and more sensitive to transient faults originated from a large spectrum of noisy sources such as conducted and radiated Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Therefore, the system's reliability degrades. In this work, we present a hardware-based infrastructure intellectual property (I-IP) core able to monitor the RTOS' activity in a multicore processor system-on-chip (MPSoC). The final goal is to detect faults that corrupt the task scheduling process in embedded systems based on preemptive RTOS. The I-IP core, namely RTOS-Watchdog (RTOS-WD), was described in VHDL and is connected to the address busses between the cores and their local iCache memories. A case-study based on a MPSoC running different test programs under the control of a typical preemptive RTOS was implemented and exposed to conducted EMI. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach provides higher fault coverage when compared to the native fault detection mechanisms embedded in the kernel of the RTOS. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： System-on-chip

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A model-based, single-source approach to designspace exploration and synthesis of mixed-criticality systems (Extended Abstract) 15

A model-based, single-source approach to designspace explora...

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18th international workshop on Software and Compilers for embedded systems, SCOPES 2015

作者： Herrera, F. Peñil, P. Villar, E. Microelectronics Engineering Group TEISA Dpt. University of Cantabria Santander Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781450335935

This paper has shown the extensions to the UML/MARTE methodology developed in the CONTREX project towards supporting DSE and mixed criticality. The methodology improves the state of art in several aspects. It enables a synthetic description of the design space through MARTE VSL expressions, without relying on a methodology specific profile. More specifically, the methodology supports the modeling of mixed-criticality systems with a flexible use of the criticality property. The paper shows how a model can associate criticalities to both functional and extra-functional constraints. In this way, the single-source approach to embedded system design can now be applied to the DSE of mixed-criticality systems keeping the safety requirements but, at the same time, exploiting the slack time available to allocate the less critical parts. © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Criticality (nuclear fission)

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Towards Executing Dynamically Updating Finite-State Controllers on a Robot System 7

Towards Executing Dynamically Updating Finite-State Controll...

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2015 IEEE ACM 7th international workshop on modeling in Software engineering

作者： La Manna, Valerio Panzica Greenyer, Joel Clun, Donato Ghezzi, Carlo MIT Media Lab Cambridge MA USA Leibniz Univ Hannover Software Engn Grp D-30167 Hannover Germany Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn I-20133 Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781467370561

Modern software systems are increasingly required to run for a long time and deliver uninterrupted service. Their requirements or their environments, however, may change. Therefore, these systems must be updated dynamically, at run-time. Typical examples can be found in manufacturing, transportation, or space applications, where stopping the system to deploy updates can be difficult, costly, or simply not possible. In previous work we proposed a model-driven approach that uses automatically synthesized finite-state controllers from scenario-based assume/guarantee specifications to safely and efficiently dynamically update the system. In this paper we describe an execution infrastructure of this approach, which allows us to execute and deploy newly synthesized dynamically updating controllers on embedded devices. We present a prototype implementation in Java for Lego Mindstorms robots. This experience gained can lead to a systematic approach to implement dynamic updates in the aforementioned critical software-intensive systems.

关键词： Robot System Controllers embedded device state controller Space applications Software systems Java Java programming language

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Reducing worst case reaction time of synchronous programs on chip-multiprocessors with application-specific TDMA scheduling 15

Reducing worst case reaction time of synchronous programs on...

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13th international workshop on Java Technologies for real-time and embedded systems, JTRES 2015

作者： Li, Zhenmin Malik, Avinash Salcic, Zoran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336444

The synchronous approach featuring deterministic concurrency is widely used to design and verify real-time embedded systems. The synchronous model of computation divides the execution of a program into discrete instants, called ticks. For correctly capturing all input events from the environment, it is pivotal to statically estimate the worst case tick length, also known as the worst case reaction time (WCRT) of synchronous programs. Plenty of tech-niques have been proposed for WCRT analysis of synchronous programs targeting uniprocessors, but little has been done for chip-multiprocessors (CMPs). Concurrent accesses to the shared bus of a CMP are managed by the bus arbitration policy for elimi-nating access contentions. The common time division multiple access (TDMA) approach equally divides the bus bandwidth amongst all processors in a CMP, and is oblivious to the bus ac-cess contention patterns, thus resulting in large WCRT overesti-mates. In this paper we propose an application-specific TDMA (ASTDMA) bus scheduling approach, which takes into account the bus access contention pattern of the application and results in shorter static WCRT estimates. Experimental results reveal that the ASTDMA approach achieves on average 21.33% shorter WCRT estimates compared to the standard TDMA scheduling policy. © 2015 ACM.

关键词： time division multiple access

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A Large-Scale Technology Evaluation Study: Effects of model-based Analysis and Testing 37

A Large-Scale Technology Evaluation Study: Effects of Model-...

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IEEE/ACM 2nd international workshop on Software Architecture and Metrics (SAM)

作者： Klaes, Michael Bauer, Thomas Dereani, Andreas Soderqvist, Thomas Helle, Philipp Fraunhofer Inst Expt Software Engn Kaiserslautern Germany Daimler AG Sindelfingen Germany Volvo Grp Trucks Technol Adv Technol & Res Gothenburg Sweden Airbus Grp Innovat Hamburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479919345

Besides model-based development, model-based quality assurance and the tighter integration of static and dynamic quality assurance activities are becoming increasingly relevant in the development of software-intensive systems. Thus, this paper reports on an empirical study aimed at investigating the promises regarding quality improvements and cost savings. The evaluation comprises data from 13 industry case studies conducted during a three-year large-scale research project in the transportation domain (automotive, avionics, rail system). During the evaluation, we identified major goals and strategies associated with (integrated) model-based analysis and testing and evaluated the improvements achieved. The aggregated results indicate an average cost reduction of between 29% and 34% for verification and validation and of between 22% and 32% for defect removal. Compared with these cost savings, improvements regarding test coverage (similar to 8%), number of remaining defects (similar to 13%), and time to market (similar to 8%) appear less noticeable.

关键词： Empirical study embedded software quality assurance multiple case study GQM plus Strategies quantitative technology evaluation model-based testing internal baselines

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Network-based modeling and analysis of cloud fraction and precipitation: A case study for the Ohio river basin 1

Network-based modeling and analysis of cloud fraction and pr...

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1st ACM international workshop on Cyber-Physical systems for Smart Water Networks, CySWater 2015

作者： Bhardwaj, Kartikeya Marculescu, Radu Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334853

River networks and river basins are considered as one of the natural components in the Water Networks (WN). In this paper, we propose, for the very first time, a network-based model of cloud movement;this can also become part of natural sources of freshwater in the Water Networks. More precisely, we use the cloud network model over the Ohio river basin to estimate the value of cloud fraction for the next day using the current day cloud fraction. The experimental results indicate that our model produces good results and is computationally less intensive. This is in contrast with numerical weather predicting techniques which are highly accurate, but make use of powerful servers. Further, accurate cloud fraction estimation shows that our network model is a correct representation of cloud movement dynamics. We also analyze the network properties and find that the cloud network generated by our algorithm is close to a random graph and not to a small-world network. Finally, we present a thorough analysis of cloud fraction and precipitation in the Ohio river basin. These results are a first step towards modeling the complete hydrological cycle. Copyright 2015 ACM.

关键词： Small-world networks

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model-based systems engineering with requirements variability for embedded real-time systems

Model-based systems engineering with requirements variabilit...

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model-Driven engineering workshop (MoDRE)

作者： Mole Li Firat Batmaz Lin Guan Alan Grigg Matthew Ingham Peter Bull Loughborough University Loughborough UK Rolls-Royce Controls and Data Services Derby UK Birmingham City University Birmingham UK

Product Line engineering (PLE) offers the benefits of reducing costs and time to market by reusing requirements and components. Current PLE methods, however, mainly focus on the software aspects and are lacking in support for many system level concerns like physical and non-functional require-ments (Quality of Service attributes) that play an important role in the development of embedded real-time systems (RTS). This paper proposes a new method to support a combination of variability modelling (a key feature of PLE) and model-based requirement engineering (in SysML) for embedded RTS. It provides four main contributions: 1. it extends the Orthogonal Variability model (OVM) to support the separation of function-al, physical and non-functional variability; 2. it proposes a mechanism for the evolution of variability; 3. stakeholders' specifications for variable requirements are extended by the proposed approach; 4. it increases the consistency of system models by directly using SysML Activity Diagrams and Block Definition Diagrams as a base model for refining variability models for requirement representation. The proposed method is illustrated by an Aircraft Engine Control System case study.

关键词： Unified modeling language Documentation Software Atmospheric modeling real-time systems Requirements engineering

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A model-based testing technique for component-based real-time embedded systems

A model-based testing technique for component-based real-tim...

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IEEE international Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation workshop, ICSTW

作者： Jing Guan Jeff Offutt Software Engineering George Mason University Fairfax VA USA

The growing complexity of modern real-time embedded systems is leading to increased use of component-based software engineering (CBSE) technology. Although many ideas have been proposed for building component-based real-time embedded software, techniques for testing component-based realtime systems are scarce. The challenges not only come from the integration of different types of components through their interfaces but also include the composition of extra-functional properties. In an embedded system, extra-functional requirements are as important as functional requirements. A real-time embedded system needs to achieve its functionality under the constraints caused by its extra-functional properties. Correct functional behavior with regard to timing properties is essential to real-time embedded system. This paper focuses on real-time requirements instead of all extra-functional requirements. Therefore, they should be considered while testing embedded software behavior. This paper addresses problems that emerge during the integration of component-based real-time embedded software. It presents a test model that depicts both inter-component and intra-component relationships in component-based real-time embedded software and identifies key test elements. The test model is realized using a family of graph-based test models in which that describe functional interactions and their dependence relationships, as well as the time-dependent interaction among components. By using a graph-based test model, this paper presents a novel family of test adequacy criteria that help generate effective test cases and new algorithms to facilitate automate generation of the test cases.

关键词： real-time systems embedded systems Testing embedded software Hardware Complexity theory

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CPU isolation on the android OS for running real-time applications 15

CPU isolation on the android OS for running real-time applic...

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13th international workshop on Java Technologies for real-time and embedded systems, JTRES 2015

作者： Ruiz, Alejandro Pérez Rivas, Mario Aldea Harbour, Michael González Software Engineering and Real-Time Group Universidad de Cantabria Santander39005 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781450336444

The Android operating system is widely used on mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets. From the first Android devices to now, this operating system has improved its features and has been extended to new hardware. Because of its widespread use and the high number of low-cost hardware platforms on which it is available, there is a great interest in using it in areas such as automotive, industrial control or medical environments, where real-time requirements are imposed. This paper presents a solution that takes advantage of both, the fact that Android is based on the Linux kernel and that most of the newest Android devices use multicore processors. Thus, we have studied the mechanisms provided by the Linux kernel to isolate CPUs. The use of these mechanisms does not require profound changes in Android, only configuration adjustments. In addition, we have determined that using appropriate isolation mechanisms, Android can be used for soft real-time purposes. Since our solution does not require major modifications of the operating system it is very portable among all kinds of devices. © 2015 ACM.

关键词： Android (operating system)

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Dynamic software architecture for distributed embedded control systems

Dynamic software architecture for distributed embedded contr...

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2015 international workshop on Petri Nets and Software engineering, PNSE 2015

作者： Richta, Tomáš Janoušek, Vladimír Kocí, Radek Faculty of Information Technology IT4Innovations Centre of Excellence Brno University of Technology Božetechova 2 Brno61266 Czech Republic

This paper focuses on the field of dynamically reconfigurable distributed embedded control systems construction process and presents a substantial part of the methodology aimed at this application area which is based on formal models, namely some variants of Petri Nets. Initial system specification is represented by a set of Workflow Petri Nets transformed into decomposed multi-layered Reference Petri Nets model, that is used during the generation of interpretable target system components representation. The main objective of presented approach is the introduction of dynamic reconfigurability features into the target system implementation reflecting changes in system specification during its run-time. Reconfigurability is achieved by the system decomposition into smaller interpretable pieces of computation that are installed on and performed by the underlying infrastructure. Introduced approach brings several layers of reconfigurability through a set of specific translation rules applied in different layers and scenarios for pseudo-code generation and by the possibility of installing the resultant functional parts on system nodes using well-defined communication protocol. The heart of described architecture lies within the specification of hosting platform called Petri Nets Operating System (PNOS) that includes the Reference Petri Nets interpreter.

关键词： embedded systems

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