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检索条件"任意字段=International Symposium Distributed Computing and Applications Business Engineering and Science"

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Modeling the effects of contention on the performance of heterogeneous applications 96

Modeling the effects of contention on the performance of het...

引用

international symposium on High Performance distributed computing

作者： S.M. Figueira F. Berman Computer Science and Engineering Department University of California San Diego USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

Fast networks have made it possible to coordinate distributed heterogeneous CPU, memory and storage resources to provide a powerful platform for executing high-performance applications. However, the performance of these applications on such systems is highly dependent on the allocation and efficient coordination of application tasks. A key component for a performance-efficient allocation strategy is a predictive model which provides a realistic estimate of application performance under varying resource loads. In this paper, we present a model for predicting the effects of contention on application behavior in heterogeneous systems. In particular, our model calculates the slowdown imposed on communication and computation for non-dedicated two-machine heterogeneous platforms. We describe the model for the Sun/CM2 and Sun/Paragon coupled heterogeneous systems. We present experiments on production systems with emulated contention which show the predicted communication and computation costs to be within 15% on average of the actual costs.

关键词： Application software Predictive models Central Processing Unit Workstations Computer science Power engineering and energy Resource management Power system modeling Production systems Computational efficiency

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Performance comparison of desktop multiprocessing and workstation cluster computing 96

Performance comparison of desktop multiprocessing and workst...

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international symposium on High Performance distributed computing

作者： P.E. Crandall E.V. Sumithasri M.A. Clement Computer Science & Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT USA Computer Science Department Brigham Young University Provo UT USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

The paper describes initial findings regarding the performance tradeoffs between cluster computing where the participating processors are independent machines connected by a high speed switch and desktop multiprocessing where the processors reside within a single workstation and share a common memory. While interprocessor communication time has typically been cited as the limiting force on performance in the cluster, bus and memory contention have had similar effects in shared memory systems. The advent of high speed interconnects and improved bus and memory access speeds have enhanced the performance curves of both platforms. We present comparisons of the execution times of three applications with varying levels of data dependencies-numerical integration, matrix multiplication, and Jacobi iteration across three environments: the PVM distributed memory model, the PVM shared memory model, and the Solaris threads package.

关键词： Workstations Switches Parallel processing Computer science High performance computing Communication switching Jacobian matrices Concurrent computing distributed computing Costs

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Employing logic-enhanced memory for high-performance ATM network interfaces 96

Employing logic-enhanced memory for high-performance ATM net...

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international symposium on High Performance distributed computing

作者： H. Agusleo N. Soparkar Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

With the advent of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), network speeds are increasing substantially, and the greater communication bandwidth provides considerable potential for distributed applications. However, communication throughput delivered to the user applications has not increased as rapidly: network interfacing has become the next bottleneck. Consequently, better designs for network interfaces are essential to take full advantage of the higher-speed communication links such as the ATM. We present a novel hardware architecture for an ATM network interface employing memory with select on-chip data processing logic; i.e., logic-enhanced memory (LEM). We exhibit how LEM-based interfaces are particularly suitable for servers, where the majority of the operations are memory-intensive processing for client requests.

关键词： Network interfaces Asynchronous transfer mode Bandwidth Application software Throughput Computer networks Protocols Hardware Network-on-a-chip Logic

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Scheduling from the perspective of the application 96

Scheduling from the perspective of the application

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international symposium on High Performance distributed computing

作者： F. Berman R. Wolski Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA University of California San Diego La Jolla CA US Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng. California Univ. San Diego La Jolla CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

Metacomputing is the aggregation of distributed and high-performance resources on coordinated networks. With careful scheduling, resource-intensive applications can be implemented efficiently on metacomputing systems at the sizes of interest to developers and users. In this paper, we focus on the problem of scheduling applications on metacomputing systems. We introduce the concept of application-centric scheduling in which everything about the system is evaluated in terms of its impact on the application. Application-centric scheduling is used by virtually all metacomputer programmers to achieve performance on metacomputing systems. We describe two successful metacomputing applications to illustrate this approach, and describe AppLeS (Application-Level Scheduling) agents which generalize the application-centric scheduling approach. Finally, we show preliminary results which compare AppLeS-derived schedules with conventional strip and blocked schedules for a 2D Jacobi code.

关键词： Metacomputing Processor scheduling Concurrent computing Application software Parallel processing High performance computing Strips Jacobian matrices Computer networks Contracts

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A comparison of entry consistency and lazy release consistency implementations

A comparison of entry consistency and lazy release consisten...

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IEEE symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture

作者： S.V. Adve A.L. Cox S. Dwarkadas R. Rajamony W. Zwaenepoel Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA

This paper compares several implementations of entry consistency (EC) and lazy release consistency (LRC), two relaxed memory models in use with software distributed shared memory (DSM) systems. We use six applications in our study: SOR, Quicksort, Water, Barnes-Hut, IS, and 3D-FFT. For these applications, EC's requirement that all shared data be associated with a synchronization object leads to a fair amount of additional programming effort. We identify, in particular, extra synchronization, lock rebinding, and object granularity as sources of extra complexity. In terms of performance, for the set of applications and for the computing environment utilized neither model is consistently better than the other. For SOR and IS, execution times are about the same, but LRC is faster for Water (33%) and Barnes-Hut (41%) and EC is faster for Quicksort (14%) and 3D-FFT (10%).

关键词： Random access memory Instruments Computer science distributed computing Application software Memory management Propagation delay Programming profession

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Impact of delays in parallel I/O system: an empirical study 96

Impact of delays in parallel I/O system: an empirical study

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international symposium on High Performance distributed computing

作者： C.R. Venugopal S.S.S.P. Rao Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi Delhi IN Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai India

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

Performance of I/O intensive applications on a multiprocessor system depends mostly on the variety of disk access delays encountered in the I/O system. Over the years, the improvement in disk performance has taken place more slowly than the corresponding increase in processor speeds. It is therefore necessary to model I/O delays and evaluate performance benefits of moving an application to a better multiprocessor system. We perform such an analysis by measuring I/O delays for a synthesized application that uses a parallel distributed file system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance benefits of better disks in a multiprocessor system. We report on how the I/O performance would be affected if an application were to run on a system which would have better disks and communication links. In this study, we show a substantial improvement in the performance of an I/O system with better disks and communication links with respect to the existing system.

关键词： Delay Multiprocessing systems Resource management Control systems Computer science Application software Performance evaluation Performance analysis File systems Satellite broadcasting

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Testing of fault-tolerant and real-time distributed systems via protocol fault injection

Testing of fault-tolerant and real-time distributed systems ...

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international symposium on Fault-Tolerant computing (FTCS)

作者： S. Dawson F. Jahanian T. Mitton Teck-Lee Tung Real-Time Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

As software for distributed systems becomes more complex, ensuring that a system meets its prescribed specification is a growing challenge that confronts software developers. This is particularly important for distributed applications with strict dependability and timeliness constraints. This paper reports on ORCHESTRA, a portable fault injection environment for testing implementations of distributed protocols. This tool is based on a simple yet powerful framework called script-driven probing and fault injection, for the evaluation and validation of the fault-tolerance and timing characteristics of distributed protocols. The tool, which was initially developed on the Real-Time Mach operating system and later ported to other platforms including Solaris and SunOS, has been used to conduct extensive experiments on several protocol implementations. This paper describes the design and implementation of the fault injection tool focusing on architectural features to support portability, minimizing intrusiveness on target protocols, and explicit support for testing real-time systems. The paper also describes the experimental evaluation of two protocol implementations: a real-time audio-conferencing application on Real-Time Mach, and a distributed group membership service on the Sun Solaris operating system.

关键词： System testing Fault tolerant systems Real time systems Protocols Operating systems Software systems Application software Fault tolerance Timing Sun

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An efficient file transmission algorithm for distributed computing systems

An efficient file transmission algorithm for distributed com...

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international symposium on Parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： D.J. Chen P.Y. Chang Y.W. Lee Computer Science and Information Engineering Department National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

In a distributed system, executing a program often requires the access of remote data files. An efficient data transmission strategy is thus important for real-time applications. Since data files may be replicated and their locations are transparent to the executed program, it becomes the system's responsibility to select a proper file server such that data can be transmitted in an effective way. We consider the scenario that a particular program needs several data files simultaneously for its execution. Each data file may have replicas across the network. The problem is how to find a collection of file servers and the routing paths such that the data transmission time is minimum. An exhaustive approach could of course find the optimal solution. However, it pays a high computation price. We thus propose a heuristic method. Results obtained from the proposed method are encouraging.

关键词： distributed computing File servers Routing Application software Delay Data communication Military computing Linear programming Joining processes Computer science

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ORCHESTRA: a probing and fault injection environment for testing protocol implementations

ORCHESTRA: a probing and fault injection environment for tes...

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international Computer Performance and Dependability symposium

作者： S. Dawson F. Jahanian T. Mitton Real-Time Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Ensuring that a distributed system meets its prescribed specification is a growing challenge that confronts software developers and system engineers. Meeting this challenge is particularly important for applications with strict dependability and/or timeliness constraints. We have developed a software fault injection tool, called ORCHESTRA, for testing dependability and timing properties of distributed protocols. ORCHESTRA is based on a simple yet powerful framework, called script-driven probing and fault injection. The emphasis of this approach is on experimental techniques intended to identify specific "problems" in a protocol or its implementation rather than the evaluation of system dependability through statistical metrics such as fault coverage. Hence, the focus is on developing fault injection techniques that can be employed in studying three aspects of a target protocol: i) detecting design or implementation errors, ii) identifying violations of protocol specifications, and iii) obtaining insights into the design decisions made by the implementers.

关键词： Protocols Fault diagnosis Software systems Power engineering and energy Systems engineering and theory Application software Software tools Software testing Timing Fault detection

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A loop allocation policy for DOACROSS loops

A loop allocation policy for DOACROSS loops

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international symposium on Parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： J.T. Lim A.R. Hurson K. Kavi B. Lee Computer Science and Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Computer Science and Engineering Department University of Texas Arlington Arlington TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA

The dataflow model of computation, in general, and its recent direction to combine dataflow processing with control-flow processing, in particular, provide attractive alternatives to satisfy the computational demands of new applications, without experiencing the shortcomings of the traditional concurrent systems. This should motivate researchers to analyze the applicability of familiar concepts, such as scheduling and load balancing, within this new architectural framework. Effective execution of loop iterations as a means to improve performance and hardware utilization has received a great deal of attention in the past. In this paper we address the problem of scheduling/allocation of DOACROSS loops in a multithreaded dataflow environment. An extension to the staggered scheme-Cyclic staggered scheme-which produces a more balanced distribution of iterations among processors is introduced and its performance improvement in a dataflow and control-flow environment is simulated and analyzed.

关键词： Yarn Parallel processing Delay Computational modeling Concurrent computing Job shop scheduling Processor scheduling Process control Hardware Switches

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