Falls on the stairs are a common cause of accidental injury among the older adults. Understanding the mechanisms leading to such accidents may improve not only the prevention of falls, but also support independent liv...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
Falls on the stairs are a common cause of accidental injury among the older adults. Understanding the mechanisms leading to such accidents may improve not only the prevention of falls, but also support independent living among elderly. Thus, a method to automatically detect falls and other abnormal events on stairs is presented and empirically validated. Automatic fall detection will also assist in data collection for environmental design improvements and fall prevention. Real-time 3d joint tracking information, provided by a Microsoft Kinect, is used to estimate the walking speed and to extract a set of features that encode human motion during stairway descent. Supervised learning algorithms, trained on manually labelled training data simulated in a home laboratory, obtained a high detection accuracy rate of similar to 92% in leave-one-subject-out cross validation. In contrast with previous research, which identified visual tracking of the feet as the best indicator of dangerous activity, 3d motion of the hips is experimentally shown to be the most informative component in detecting abnormal events in the 3d tracking data provided by the Kinect.
Object detection and localization is a crucial step for inspection and manipulation tasks in robotic and industrial applications. We present an object detection and localization scheme for 3d objects that combines int...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
Object detection and localization is a crucial step for inspection and manipulation tasks in robotic and industrial applications. We present an object detection and localization scheme for 3d objects that combines intensity anddepth data. A novel multimodal, scale- and rotation-invariant feature is used to simultaneously describe the object's silhouette and surface appearance. The object's position is determined by matching scene and model features via a Hough-like local voting scheme. The proposed method is quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated on a large number of real sequences, proving that it is generic and highly robust to occlusions and clutter. Comparisons with state of the art methods demonstrate comparable results and higher robustness with respect to occlusions.
designing a low cost structured light system which can acquire 3ddata in real time with great accuracy is still an ongoing topic among computer vision community as it is hard to achieve all these features together. A...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
designing a low cost structured light system which can acquire 3ddata in real time with great accuracy is still an ongoing topic among computer vision community as it is hard to achieve all these features together. Among various structured light systems, pseudorandom array is the most suitable technique for real time 3d reconstruction as it tends to concentrate the entire coding scheme in a single pattern. But it has the difficulty of decoding the pattern when it loses few pattern symbols. In this paper, we address this problem by introducing an error correcting 3d scanning technique. This technique consists of a two way decoding method which can decode a dual pseudorandom array and a hole-filling algorithm. In the experimental results, we show that our 3d scanning technique largely improves the reconstruction compared to the conventional methods.
dense 3d reconstruction in man-made environments has to contend with weak and ambiguous observations due to texture-less surfaces which are predominant in such environments. This challenging task calls for strong, dom...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
dense 3d reconstruction in man-made environments has to contend with weak and ambiguous observations due to texture-less surfaces which are predominant in such environments. This challenging task calls for strong, domain-specific priors. These are usually modeled via regularization or smoothness assumptions. Generic smoothness priors, e.g. total variation are often not sufficient to produce convincing results. Consequently, we propose a more powerful prior directly modeling the expected local surface-structure, without the need to utilize expensive methods such as higher-order MRFs. Our approach is inspired by patch-based representations used in image processing. In contrast to the over-complete dictionaries used e.g. for sparse representations our patch dictionary is much smaller. The proposed energy can be optimized by utilizing an efficient first-order primal dual algorithm. Our formulation is in particular very natural to model priors on the 3d structure of man-made environments. We demonstrate the applicability of our prior on synthetic data and on real data, where we recover dense, piece-wise planar 3d models using stereo and fusion of multiple depth images.
direct volume rendering (dVR) has become a widely used technique for visualizing anatomical structures in medical 3ddatasets The aim of this study was to locally adapt the opacity transfer function (OTF) in order to ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467345620;9781467345613
direct volume rendering (dVR) has become a widely used technique for visualizing anatomical structures in medical 3ddatasets The aim of this study was to locally adapt the opacity transfer function (OTF) in order to improve the results achieved when rendering 3d echocardiographic datasets using dVR. A novel approach for defining locally adaptive OTFs has been tested and adapted to echo data and implemented on the GPU. The local OTF is modeled as a truncated second order polynomial. The algorithm locates significant transitions along the ray profile (feature detection along the ray) in order to estimate an opacity threshold (below which all values are considered transparent) and the steepness of the polynomial for each ray. A reference global OTF and the locally adaptive algorithm have been implemented on a GPU using OpenCL and tested on a dataset of nine 3d echo recordings. The rendering resolution is 512x512x300, while average timing is 28ms, 104ms for the reference and the new method respectively. The locally adaptive OTFs were able to compensate for high variations in tissue (and such reducing wall drop-outs) and blood pool signal (reducing spurious structures inside the cavity). The methoddepends on a number of user defined parameters, determining these values robustly is subject of ongoing research.
Synchronisation is an essential requirement for multiview 3d reconstruction of dynamic scenes. However, the use of Hd cameras and large set-ups put a considerable stress on hardware and cause frame drops, which is usu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
Synchronisation is an essential requirement for multiview 3d reconstruction of dynamic scenes. However, the use of Hd cameras and large set-ups put a considerable stress on hardware and cause frame drops, which is usually detected by manually verifying very large amounts of data. This paper improves [9], and extends it with frame-drop detection capability. In order to spot frame-drop events, the algorithm fits a broken line to the frame index correspondences for each camera pair, and then fuses the pairwise drop hypotheses into a consistent, absolute frame-drop estimate. The success and the practical utility of the the improved pipeline is demonstrated through a number of experiments, including 3d reconstruction and free-viewpoint video rendering tasks.
With the wide-spread availability of photographic and cartographic data, it becomes desirable to be able to geo-localize any picture in the world. Existing approaches have so far shown impressive results, but they are...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
With the wide-spread availability of photographic and cartographic data, it becomes desirable to be able to geo-localize any picture in the world. Existing approaches have so far shown impressive results, but they are still lacking in either precision or applicability. In the present work, we explore as an additional cue, semantic image labeling coupled with topographic maps. As an intermediate step towards the ultimate goal of universal geo-localiztion, we show that these cues are suitable for estimating the viewing direction of a terrestrial image, given the image's location.
disparity estimation has been investigated for decades. Fully automatic methods have problems in texture-less regions, around object boundaries and in occlusions regions. In this paper, we exploit user input to addres...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
disparity estimation has been investigated for decades. Fully automatic methods have problems in texture-less regions, around object boundaries and in occlusions regions. In this paper, we exploit user input to address these problematic areas interactively. By drawing contours and polygons, we achieve sharp disparity discontinuities and smooth disparity planes in the disparity maps. Annotations are tracked quite accurately over a number of frames. Experimental results on Middlebury data set and our own stereo video suggest that the accuracy of disparity maps can be improved significantly with limited user input.
The image descriptors are a very useful tool in the task of classification. In biomedical image analysis, they may characterize either the shape or the internal structure of studied objects. Both characteristics are v...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548739
The image descriptors are a very useful tool in the task of classification. In biomedical image analysis, they may characterize either the shape or the internal structure of studied objects. Both characteristics are very important. When analysing cells, their shape is usually determined first. In the second step, their mask may be used for the selection of the area where the texture descriptor should be applied. In this paper, we are going to focus on the texture-based image descriptors called Tamura features. For their basic properties, they seem to be a very promising tool applicable to the biomedical image data. We will apply them to selected types of cell lines and test how they perform. We will also introduce their extension to higher dimensions and show that they give even better results than in the 2d case.
Flight data records the important plane subsystem status, attitudes, actions, key parameters, etc. during whole flight. visualization of the information extracted from flight data is very useful to replay the entire f...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769548111
Flight data records the important plane subsystem status, attitudes, actions, key parameters, etc. during whole flight. visualization of the information extracted from flight data is very useful to replay the entire flight and evaluate the quality. In this paper, we present a general framework to simulate and evaluate the flight course based on flight dataprocessing andvisualization. Firstly, we give out the flight maneuver recognition algorithm based on modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Then, we take the flight action evaluation as the problem of multivariate time series similarity measure, and construct the similarity matching model between recognized maneuvers and standard maneuvers to achieve quantitative evaluation of flight maneuver. We also implement the visualization engine based on OpenSceneGraph to simulate/replay the flight maneuver, flight path and the terrain of flying zone. Our framework not only fit for simulation and evaluation single kind (or type) of plane's flight quality, any plane has the same flight data format can be simulated and replayed in 3d in our framework.
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