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26th international symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of distributed systems

作者： Raynal, Michel Univ Rennes INRIA CNRS IRISA F-35042 Rennes France

ISBN: (纸本)9783031744976;9783031744983

This article presents a short (and partial) history of synchronization in systems made up of asynchronous sequential processes (automata). Among other points, it shows that synchronization (which consists in ordering operations issued by processes on shared objects) has a different flavor according to the fact that the objects are physical objects (such as a printer or a disk) or logical objects (immaterial objects represented by sequences of bits). It then follows from this physical/logical nature of computing objects that mutual exclusion is to physical objects what consensus is to logical objects. The article also addresses recent results on process synchronization in fully anonymous systems (systems in which processes cannot be distinguished one from the other, and where there is a disagreement on the addresses of the memory registers.

关键词： Agreement Algorithm Anonymity Asynchrony Atomicity Concurrency Consensus distributed computing Informatics Liveness Logical (immaterial) object Memory anonymity Mutual exclusion Parallel computing Process anonymity Physical object Safety Sequential process Sequential specification Synchronization Total order

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Memory Lower Bounds and Impossibility Results for Anonymous Dynamic Broadcast 38

Memory Lower Bounds and Impossibility Results for Anonymous ...

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38th international symposium on distributed Computing, DISC 2024

作者： Parzych, Garrett Daymude, Joshua J. School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Biodesign Center for Biocomputing Security and Society Arizona State University TempeAZ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773522

Broadcast is a ubiquitous distributed computing problem that underpins many other system tasks. In static, connected networks, it was recently shown that broadcast is solvable without any node memory and only constant-size messages in worst-case asymptotically optimal time (Hussak and Trehan, PODC’19/STACS’20/DC’23). In the dynamic setting of adversarial topology changes, however, existing algorithms rely on identifiers, port labels, or polynomial memory to solve broadcast and compute functions over node inputs. We investigate space-efficient, terminating broadcast algorithms for anonymous, synchronous, 1-interval connected dynamic networks and introduce the first memory lower bounds in this setting. Specifically, we prove that broadcast with termination detection is impossible for idle-start algorithms (where only the broadcaster can initially send messages) and otherwise requires Ω(log n) memory per node, where n is the number of nodes in the network. Even if the termination condition is relaxed to stabilizing termination (eventually no additional messages are sent), we show that any idle-start algorithm must use ω(1) memory per node, separating the static and dynamic settings for anonymous broadcast. This lower bound is not far from optimal, as we present an algorithm that solves broadcast with stabilizing termination using O(log n) memory per node in worst-case asymptotically optimal time. In sum, these results reveal the necessity of non-constant memory for nontrivial terminating computation in anonymous dynamic networks. © Garrett Parzych and Joshua J. Daymude.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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Evaluating Convolutional Neural networks via measuring similarity of their first-layer filters and Gabor filters 32

Evaluating Convolutional Neural Networks via measuring simil...

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32nd international Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of computer and Telecommunication systems

作者： Filus, Katarzyna Domanska, Joanna Klamka, Jerzy Polish Acad Sci Inst Theoret & Appl Informat Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531317;9798331531300

Convolutional Neural networks (CNNs) have reached a certain level of technological maturity and researchers are now focusing on what they learn, how they work, why, and how to further improve their performance. For example, incorporating Gabor filters - a mathematical representation of the responses in the mammalian primary visual cortex into CNNs has been shown to boost CNN performance in terms of accuracy. Motivated by the ability of Gabor filters to increase the performance of CNNs and the importance of proposing diverse analytical tools to facilitate CNN evaluation and modeling, we proposed a novel three-step methodology specially crafted to systematically analyze and evaluate vision CNNs in terms of the similarity of their first-layer filters to Gabor filters. It is based on direct similarity measurements, and also indirect measurements of similarity through the impact of filter replacement on performance (accuracy) and security (resilience to adversarial attacks). The methodology demonstrates great potential for the areas of explainability, evaluation and modeling of CNN filter responses. Our results showed that all first-layer filters formed in the examined CNNs are highly similar or almost identical to Gabor filters, which was confirmed by our direct and indirect measurements. The security-related experiment further showed that although the filter replacement does not fully protect the network against the perturbations from the baseline model, it can slightly improve its resilience suggesting potential practical implications for security. We provide our code at https://***/iitis/Gabor-Replacement.

关键词： Gabor filters Convolutional Neural networks computer Vision Evaluation

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Comprehensive review on distributed denial of service attacks in wireless sensor networks

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international JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND computer SECURITY 2023年第3-4期20卷 414-438页

作者： Subramani, Shalini Selvi, M. Vellore Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Engn Vellore Tamil Nadu India

distributed denial of service (DDoS) is the most popular disruptive type of attack in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It is extremely harmful for the functioning of the network, since it generates a huge amount of traffic through flooding of the spam packets into the target system. The malicious nodes present in the network prevent the legitimate users from the access to the network through flooding. Hence, it is necessary to handle this issue. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are used to monitor all incoming packets and they can compare the traffic patterns to detect the anomalous network activity. In this paper, a survey of works on DDoS attacks launched by the malicious users and the detection of such attacks using IDS are discussed. Moreover, this survey focuses on the IDSs developed using classification techniques since they have been used for detecting and preventing the DDoS attacks more efficiently.

关键词： DoS attacks distributed denial of service DDoS attacks intrusion detection systems IDSs artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches wireless sensor networks WSNs

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A Novel Routing Protocol over Time-Varying IoT Network Using RTS/CTS Framework 18

A Novel Routing Protocol over Time-Varying IoT Network Using...

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18th IEEE international Conference on Advanced networks and Telecommunications systems, ANTS 2024

作者： Sharma, Neha Pandey, Prajjwal Aryan Rathore, Prateek Pandey, Om Jee Indian Institute of Technology BHU Department of Electronics Engineering Varanasi India National Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Silchar India The LNM Institute of Information Technology Department of Communication and Computer Engineering Jaipur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391725

In the context of 6G IoT networks, distributed computing has become a critical enabler for seamless communication across diverse sectors, such as smart manufacturing, intelligent transportation, healthcare, and defense. Many of these applications involve mobile IoT devices (IoDs) that change locations dynamically, requiring robust and efficient multi-hop data transmission frameworks. Selecting the optimal relay node in distributed 6G IoT networks is essential, as it directly impacts energy efficiency, latency, data interference, and throughput. Additionally, ensuring the availability of the relay node's queue is crucial to prevent data loss. To address these challenges, this work introduces a novel distributed computing framework based on the Request-To-Send (RTS) and Clear-To-Send (CTS) protocols, specifically designed for time-varying 6G IoT networks. The framework incorporates an RTS/CTS mechanism to manage distributed data transfer and employs the Optimal Relay IoD Selection with Q-Learning (OptRISQL) algorithm to determine the optimal relay path dynamically. By distributing computation across nodes, the proposed approach enhances network flexibility, reduces queue sizes, and minimizes memory costs, leading to improved overall network efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that this distributed computing method effectively reduces interference and enhances throughput, outperforming other current state-of-the-art techniques. Index Terms-6G Internet of Things (IoT), distributed Computing, Request-To-Send (RTS), Clear-To-Send (CTS), Quality-of-Service (QoS). © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart manufacturing

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Systematic Literature Review of VANET Simulators: Comparative Analysis, Technological Advancements, and Research Challenges 1

Systematic Literature Review of VANET Simulators: Comparativ...

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1st international symposium on Parallel Computing and distributed systems, PCDS 2024

作者： Almutairi, Reham Bergami, Giacomo Morgan, Graham School of Computing Newcastle University United Kingdom College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Hafr Albatin Saudi Arabia School of Computing Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349658

Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are integral to the future of smart vehicles and transportation, facilitating real-time information sharing and communication among vehicles to enhance safety, improve traffic flow, and reduce accidents. With the rise of self-driving vehicles and emerging technologies such as 5G and edge computing, new challenges arise for VANET simulators. These simulators must now accommodate dynamic environments, necessitating features such as high scalability, real-time large-scale experiment support, and node mobility. Furthermore, they should support battery management, recharging during movement, and integrate renewable energy sources. This survey evaluates current VANET simulators against these criteria, comparing their features, discussing advancements in VANET technology, and identifying ongoing research challenges. Our findings reveal that no existing VANET simulator fully supports the integration of renewable energy sources or the real-time recharging of vehicle batteries. Additionally, there is a significant gap in simulating the effects of encryption without implementing specific encryption algorithms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicular ad hoc networks

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distributed picosecond-level time offset monitoring in White Rabbit High Accuracy synchronization networks in a datacenter scenario 17

Distributed picosecond-level time offset monitoring in White...

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2024 international symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement Control and Communication

作者： Girela-Lopez, Francisco Azpeitia-Gonzalez, Pablo Reilly, Denis Jimenez-Lopez, Miguel Marin-Lopez, Emilio Safran Elect & Def Spain Granada Spain Equinix Inc Redwood City CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366112;9798350366129

Datacenter environments are gaining an increasing presence in most technology sectors due to the progressive move of information systems to the cloud. The main drivers for this transition are the lower cost of operating in a shared infrastructure, the reliability and availability of public clouds and the convenience of a software-based management of the networking infrastructure. This trend is pushing the conversion from private clouds to public clouds for most non-regulated applications which do not require strict levels of performance or security. Hybrid clouds, where part of the infrastructure is deployed in private locations and interface with public clouds, or colocations within the datacenter are also common in sectors like finance, health or companies with strict cybersecurity or confidentiality requirements. Additionally, multiple distributed applications like telecom or utility networks have centralized their services in the datacenter while maintaining distributed access networks nationwide. Following the requirements of the applications with an increasing footprint in the datacenter, time synchronization needs have evolved in terms of accuracy, scalability, reliability and monitoring. In this paper, we present a novel technique which allows White Rabbit devices to measure the offset between their local synchronized clock and several distributed time sources with picosecond-level resolution leveraging their sub-nanosecond time synchronization accuracy. In order to demonstrate the unprecedent capabilities of this technique, the paper showcases multiple experiments where multiple White Rabbit and external Pulse Per Second and clock inputs are evaluated in the laboratory and in a real-life interconnection between two datacenters in a metro area.

关键词： High Accuracy White Rabbit IEEE1588 Time Synchronization Monitoring Datacenter Cloud

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A Fully Synthesizable Capacitorless Digital LDO for distributed Power Delivery Network

A Fully Synthesizable Capacitorless Digital LDO for Distribu...

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IEEE international symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： Cao, Chengwei Tang, Yiwen Huang, Xiongchuan Zou, Zhuo Zheng, Lirong Fudan Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Shanghai Peoples R China Guangdong Inst Intelligence Sci & Technol Zhuhat Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330991;9798350331004

This paper presents a fully synthesizable capacitor-less digital low-dropout regulator (DLDO) for distributed power delivery networks in large-scale digital systems. A coarse-fine dual loop architecture is adopted for better transient response and higher output voltage accuracy. The coarse loop uses a CMPtriggered oscillator to achieve faster recovery under load voltage droop. An inverter-based droop detector is connected directly to the output voltage, which provides rapid detection of undershoot voltage and dispenses with bulky external capacitors. Moreover, the DLDO is implemented using only digital standard cells and auto place-and-route (P&R) tool. The fully synthesizability enables seamless integration into existing digital systems, providing flexibility and scalability. Therefore, the proposed DLDO offers a scalable and portable architecture that has a low design time cost for a distributed power delivery network. The proposed DLDO is implemented and simulated in the 40-nm CMOS technology, with a core area of 0.04 mm(2). The range of input voltage is from 0.6 to 1.1 V with a 50-mV dropout voltage. When the current load is increased by 120 mA with a 2 ns edge time, the DLDO exhibits a voltage droop of 126 mV, a response time of 2.1 ns and a settle time of 7.5 ns, respectively. The maximum load current and peak current efficiency are 200 mA and 99.98%, respectively.

关键词： Digital low-dropout regulator (DLDO) design methodology fully synthesizable auto place-and-route (P&R)

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Green Algorithms for Energy-Efficient distributed Flow-Shop Manufacturing Problem

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Procedia computer Science 2024年 236卷 378-385页

作者： Sayah, Achraf Aqil, Said Lahby, Mohamed Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences Higher Normal School Hassan II University of Casablanca Morocco Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Complex Systems Engineering National Higher School of Arts And Crafts Hassan II University of Casablanca Morocco

Minimizing energy consumption is one of the most interesting issues in recent industrial production. Energy-efficient scheduling is a promising approach to reducing energy consumption in manufacturing systems. However, energy-efficient scheduling is a problem of great interest, especially for the distributed permutation Flow-Shop Manufacturing Problem (DPFSMP). This paper addresses the critical challenge of energy efficiency in the industry of DPFSMP optimization, where task processing times depend closely on their position in the production line. The objective is to minimize the total energy consumption (TEC) for all machines in distributed workshops. To solve this problem, we propose two efficient constructive algorithms for energy-efficient scheduling of this type of problem with speed-dependent tasks: the Nawaz Enscore and Ham (NEH) based algorithm and the Greedy Random Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) based algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the two proposed algorithms on a set of benchmark problems to identify the one with the best performance. The results show that the (NEH) algorithm outperforms the GRASP algorithm in terms of energy efficiency and solution quality. In fact, the proposed algorithms can be used by manufacturers to reduce energy consumption in their production systems. This can help manufacturers save money, reduce environmental impact and improve overall sustainability. © 2024 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V.

关键词： Energy utilization

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The Internet of Trust: Securing and Transparent Supply Chains with Blockchain and IoT 18

The Internet of Trust: Securing and Transparent Supply Chain...

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18th IEEE international Conference on Advanced networks and Telecommunications systems, ANTS 2024

作者： Singal, Gaurav Kushwaha, Riti Sharma, Ashish Tewari, Tulika Netaji Subhash University of Technology SMIEEE Computer Science and Engineering Delhi India Bennett University School of Computer Science and Technology Greater Noida India Manipal University Computer Science and Engineering Jaipur India Netaji Subhash University of Technology Computer Science and Engineering Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391725

In an era where digital commerce continues to burgeon, the conventional supply chain confronts challenges of inefficiency, fraud, and a dearth of transparency. Blockchain, renowned for its decentralized and immutable ledger, emerges as a compelling solution to transform the e-commerce supply chain landscape. In conventional supply chain practices marked by centralized databases and manual record-keeping, inefficiencies and a dearth of transparency are widespread. Challenges stemming from cumbersome paperwork, delayed information flow, and vulnerability to errors hindered effective coordination, traceability, and overall operational efficiency. Blockchain and IoT can elevate e-commerce supply chains by ensuring transparent, secure, and automated data-sharing, fostering efficiency and trust throughout the entire process. We have presented an Ethereum-based blockchain and Internet of Things e-commerce platform in this paper. We describe in detail how to put in place a system that stores a product's journey's details on an immutable distributed ledger. This allows for secure tracing of a product's origin. The prototype of the system is deployed and tested on Hardhat testing framework. Traditional databases and cloud storages have been replaced by blockchain and IPFS. IPFS is used as the decentralized and distributed storage layer, facilitating the secure and efficient storage of credentials. Furthermore, the results of our experiments and security and scalability analyses demonstrate the viability of our suggested model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： distributed ledger

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