In this paper we present the Java Fieldbus Control Framework (JFCF) which provides an objectoriented programming framework for the rapid creation of concurrent control tasks for fieldbus-based automation systems. Our...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
In this paper we present the Java Fieldbus Control Framework (JFCF) which provides an objectoriented programming framework for the rapid creation of concurrent control tasks for fieldbus-based automation systems. Our framework is implemented in Java which is going to become more popular in the field of industrial control, due to the advent of dedicated Java real-time systems and the real-time Specification for Java (RTSJ). We further describe an example application built within our framework consisting of an open Java control for a CANopen automation system featuring a SCARA robot arm, a transfer system and further peripheral fieldbus devices. Four independent tasks run concurrently to establish the overall automation process. In order to meet real-time requirements, the framework will be extended to comply to the RTSJ in the future. The reusability of objectoriented software and the portability of Java code results in a reduction of costs for software creation and maintenance.
In this paper, we describe our currently ongoing work to build object-orienteddistributed middleware for networked home appliances, which are executed on commodity operating systems. The current prototype has adopted...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
In this paper, we describe our currently ongoing work to build object-orienteddistributed middleware for networked home appliances, which are executed on commodity operating systems. The current prototype has adopted HAVi(Home Audio/Video Interoperability) as distributed middleware for home appliances. We have implemented HAVi in Java, and has adopted Linux as an operating system. Since Java and Linux axe running on a variety of platforms, our software can be ported to a target system without modification. Therefore, it becomes easy to develop a new application on a standard PC platform. The paper describes the design issues and the implementation of our system. We have actually implemented several programs that emulate home appliances such as a digital television. Also, we present some experiences with the current prototype.
object-oriented programming is a popular approach for modem software design in many fields. However, OOP extension for embedded parallel processing still has conceptual and practical problems. The paper considers conc...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
object-oriented programming is a popular approach for modem software design in many fields. However, OOP extension for embedded parallel processing still has conceptual and practical problems. The paper considers concepts of merging OOP with parallel processing. Process-centric view of parallel OOP is presented. The VSIPL signal and image processing library standard is an example. Concepts of Parallel VSIPL with OOP features are proposed. They are based on shared-data rather then message-passing paradigm, on Asynchronous Growing Processes formal model of parallel computations and Shared Data object Interface (SDOI) middleware.
The development of distributed systems software poses unique challenges due to the diversity of hardware, software, and network protocols on the market today. Achieving interoperability with legacy systems and between...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
The development of distributed systems software poses unique challenges due to the diversity of hardware, software, and network protocols on the market today. Achieving interoperability with legacy systems and between systems provided by different vendors has, in the past, required the development of intricate interface specifications or proprietary bridging software. real-time, embedded distributed systems introduce additional performance and resource requirements. real-time systems require the ability to schedule tasks, predict the performance of those tasks, and perhaps most important, predict how the system will react to an overload situation or resource failure. Embedded systems are often characterized by resource constraints, diverse operating systems, and non-TCP/IP transports. Most real-time and/or embedded systems share the requirement of reasonably, high performance. High performance systems seek the lowest possible communication overhead and streamlined, optimized software layers. This paper discusses how CORBA has evolved to meet all these requirements, and uses ORBexpress CORBA from objective Interface as a reference implementation of real-time, high performance CORBA for embedded developers.
Numerous technical and life cycle cost consideration trends have led to a large increase in the use of commercial, off the shelf (COTS) computing and networking infrastructure in military command and control (C2) appl...
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ISBN:
(纸本)076951300X
Numerous technical and life cycle cost consideration trends have led to a large increase in the use of commercial, off the shelf (COTS) computing and networking infrastructure in military command and control (C2) applications. objectoriented (OO) real-time middleware, such as RT CORBA, provides the capabilities required for domain specific services and applications. However, it is unproven whether such commercial technologies can achieve the hard realtime performance required by many C2 system. Our study reveals that DOC middleware is suitable for some real-time applications when appropriately coupled with operating system and network protocol quality of service (QoS) mechanisms areas in which further progress is still needed.
An open distributed control system (DCS), which consists of many devices and an open network interconnecting them, is now used in many automation areas. For assuring the control performance under the heavy traffic on ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
An open distributed control system (DCS), which consists of many devices and an open network interconnecting them, is now used in many automation areas. For assuring the control performance under the heavy traffic on the network, the simulation of a DCS is strongly needed. For this purpose, we propose an object-oriented design pattern approach as a uniform, efficient and accurate method of modeling and simulating a DCS. Four design patterns are newly proposed. Device-Constructor and Composite-Device-Constructor patterns describe classes and mechanisms for uniformly structuring device models composed of many kinds of sensors and actuators. Statechart pattern defines classes and the state-transition execution mechanism for realizing the behavior of sensors and actuators in a device. While Event-Chain pattern defines classes and the event dispatching mechanism among sensors and actuators intra-device and inter-device. The systematic implementation procedures from these patterns to the executable Java code of the DCS simulation model are also discussed. Finally, the effectiveness of our approach was proved by developing the Java-based DCS modeler and simulator used in building automation area.
In an ORC (object-orientedreal-timecomputing) environment, it is important to reduce message retransmissions during message passing because these retransmissions cause significant time delay. And, this makes it diff...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
In an ORC (object-orientedreal-timecomputing) environment, it is important to reduce message retransmissions during message passing because these retransmissions cause significant time delay. And, this makes it difficult to achieve the necessary timeliness. A cause of retransmission is message loss due to buffer overflow at the reception side. Here a P+I+D (P for proportional, I for integral and D for derivative) adaptive buffer control algorithm is proposed to prevent such possible overflow. The I control depends on the Convergence Algorithm (CA), which is a stable and efficient IEPM (Internet End-to-End Performance Measurement) toot that predicts the mean message roundtrip time (RTT) of a communication channel quickly and accurately,. The P+I+D algorithm was tested under different conditions in a mobile ORC (MORC) environment, where mobile agents collaborate freely over the Internet. The different test results confirm that the proposed P+I+D approach is indeed effective for preventing buffer overflow.
For future applications, it is important to develop Systems using small objects. Such systems must be able to provide uninterrupted services even when some small objects stop. Replicating such objects is one way to do...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
For future applications, it is important to develop Systems using small objects. Such systems must be able to provide uninterrupted services even when some small objects stop. Replicating such objects is one way to do this. However introducing some type of redundancy into systems generally adds some overhead. Our proposed model reduces this overhead. It is implemented with multi-threaded execution for applications in actual systems. We measured the performance of an implementation for applications connected to databases. The results show that the overhead for ordinary execution and the time required to switch the replicas are both acceptably small. This technique will therefore play an important role in future systems.
Though Java is expected to have a wide range of embedded applications, there exist some problems in applying Java to real-time systems. The hybrid architecture, in which the Java runtime environment is implemented on ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
Though Java is expected to have a wide range of embedded applications, there exist some problems in applying Java to real-time systems. The hybrid architecture, in which the Java runtime environment is implemented on a real-time OS, parts of the application requiring real-time properties are implemented on the real-time OS, and parts of the application requiring GUI features, extension of features, and replacing of programs should be implemented on the Java runtime environment, is practical. In this paper, we present interface specifications between Java threads and real-time tasks based the hybrid architecture we build, called JTRON specification, and experiences based on application development using its implementation. First, cooperative computation models between Java threads and realtime tasks in the architecture are described. Based on these models, we categorize three types of communication interface between Java threads and real-time tasks: real-time OS attach class, shared object with explicit locking mechanism, and stream-based communication. By standardizing the interface, not only the Java program, but also the real-time program becomes portable and reusable. Two of the three types of the interface can be applied to other real-time OSes also.
MMDB(Main Memory-resident DataBase) systems have been used for real-time applications, such as a stock market and an auction system, which require fast response time and predictable behavior. However, most existing MM...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769510892
MMDB(Main Memory-resident DataBase) systems have been used for real-time applications, such as a stock market and an auction system, which require fast response time and predictable behavior. However, most existing MMDB systems do not support active functionalities. Also, the trigger capability which is specified in SQL3 and implemented in some conventional DBMSs provides only an extremely limited form of active functions. This paper proposes a scheme to add active capabilities to existing MMDB without modifying the kernel. Generally, active functions can be classified into event-triggered active functions, such as decision of buying or selling point according to the state of database, and time-triggered active functions, such as periodic updates of stock prices, which are frequently used in real-time applications. The proposed scheme is designed to provide both kinds of active functions for MMDB by putting a time manager which checks an absolute time for a time trigger and an SQL processing module which provides an event trigger.
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