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7th IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Kim, KH Liu, JJQ Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

The Primary-Shadow TMO Replication (PSTR) scheme is an active real-time object replication scheme formulated by the first author several years ago. PSTR is a powerful scheme in that it facilitates real-time forward recovery while prolonging the life-time of real-time application systems and it is applicable to a broad range of real-time distributed computing application systems. A middleware subsystem supporting the PSTR scheme has been designed as a part of the middleware architecture that is named ROAFTS and has been evolving since several years ago. ROAFTS is a middleware system which is layered above a commercial-off-the-shelf operating system kernel and functions as the core of a reliable execution engine for fault-tolerant distributed real-time applications. The applications supported by ROAFTS are structured as networks of real-time objects, named time-triggered Message-triggered objects (TMOs). The techniques for middleware-based implementation of the PSTR scheme have been improved in recent years. The ROAFTS middleware structure is reviewed first and then the improved implementation techniques are discussed. An analysis of the recovery time bounds achievable with the middleware prototype has also been conducted and some core results are presented.

关键词： real-time TMO time-triggered message-triggered object middleware fault detection fault tolerance PSTR primary-shadow object replication recovery time bound

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A CORBA based architecture for distributed embedded systems using the RTLinux-GPL platform

A CORBA based architecture for distributed embedded systems ...

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7th IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Pérez, S Vila, J Alegre, JA Sala, JV Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Comp Engn Valencia 46022 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

This paper describes an architecture for distributed computing on the RTLinux-GPL (GPL version of RTLinux, hereafter RTLinux) platform. The proposed architecture implements the CORBA (Common object Request Broker Architecture) model of computation, more specifically the minimum CORBA specification for embedded systems, and will also provide the extensions for real-time computing. Since RTLinux lacks networking capabilities, the architecture implements all the required functionality in a layered fashion: network drivers, TCP/IP stack and an ORB (object Request Broker). Most of this work consists on a set of portings of some widely known Open Source Linux projects to RTLinux: Linux Ethernet device drivers, the lwIP (lightweight IP) TCP/IP stack and ORBit, which is a C language implementation of CORBA. This paper also describes some ORBit modifications that make ORBit to comply with the Minimum CORBA specification.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Towards an implementation model for FB-based reconfigurable distributed control applications

Towards an implementation model for FB-based reconfigurable ...

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7th IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Thramboulidis, K Doukas, G Frantzis, A Univ Patras Patras 26500 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

The Function Block (FB) has been defined by the international Electro-technical Commission (IEC) as the basic construct for the development of reusable, interoperable, distributed control applications. Complete applications can be defined in the design level as networks of interconnected FBs. For these design models to be automatically converted to implementation ones, adopting the model integrated computing paradigm, an appropriate implementation meta-model should be defined. In this paper we describe two alternatives for the implementation of FB design models. The first one adopts the straight forward transformation of the FB design model to a high level language (C++, Java) implementation model. The second approach utilizes UML-RT models as an intermediate representation towards the final implementation model. Both approaches support the dynamic re-configuration of the control application and exploit our extensions to the IEC Execution Control Chart notation, to improve the expressiveness of the design model and the efficiency of the implementation one.

关键词： distributed parameter control systems

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A neglected/ignored research topic in real-time systems: timeliness in mesosynchronous real-time distributed systems

A neglected/ignored research topic in real-time systems: Tim...

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Proceedings - Seventh IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Jensen, E. Douglas MITRE Corporation

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

Traditional real-time computing concepts and techniques are focused on static, synchronous, relatively small-scale, mostly centralized, device-level subsystems. Many real-time systems, particularly distributed ones, are relatively large-scale, above the device level, and at least partially dynamic and asynchronous. We call such systems "mesosynchronous." For example, mesosynchronous systems often are found in military surveillance and force projection platforms, and in network-centric warfare (plus civilian domains). Hence the lives of both friends and foes depend on the timeliness properties of such systems being dependably acceptable according to application- and situation-specific criteria. The real-time research community has historically failed to perceive and appreciate this - admittedly difficult and domain-knowledge intensive - problem, especially for end-to-end timeliness in distributed mesosynchronous real-time systems.

关键词： real time systems

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Integrating data flow equations with UML/realtime

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real-time SYSTEMS 2004年第1期26卷 107-125页

作者： Bichler, L Radermacher, A Schürr, A Univ Fed Armed Forces Inst Software Technol D-85577 Neubiberg Germany

object-oriented (OO) modeling languages, tools, and methods more and more attract the interest of embedded (real-time) system developers. This is especially true if embedded (real-time) system software has to cooperate with interactive multimedia software, as it is more and more the case in automotive systems. It is still an open question whether and how the standard OO modeling language UML and its accompanying tools have to be adapted to the regarded application domain. This paper evaluates the development of a rapid prototype for an air condition controller with the popular CASE tool Rational Rose/RT(R). We point out some weaknesses of the presented solution and propose an extension to Rose/RT(R), which overcomes the weaknesses by combining Rose/RT's UML dialect with data flow equations.

关键词： object-oriented modeling dataflow modeling UML/realtime Rational Rose/RT (R)

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Modeling dependable systems: What can model driven development contribute and what likely not?

Modeling dependable systems: What can model driven developme...

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7th IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Margaria, T Univ Gottingen Inst Informat Serv Engn Distributed Syst D-3400 Gottingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

Dependability of complex systems is a critical system-level issue, which is still insufficiently tackled today. We propose here the adoption of an aggressive model-driven development paradigm (AMDD) to adequately capture globally-scoped issues like interoperability and compatibility. AMDD moves most of the recurring problems of compatibility and consistency of a system's design, implementation and evolution from the coding and integration level to the modelling level. In particular it enables an economical treatment of cross-system issues. This approach has proven useful already for the design, realization and test of complex distributed applications. In this paper we discuss the potential and benefits of AMDD and present examples where it is already adopted.

关键词： Large scale systems

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Modeling distributed embedded applications on an interface file system

Modeling distributed embedded applications on an interface f...

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7th IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Elmenreich, W Pitzek, S Schlager, M Univ Vienna Inst Tech Informat Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

This paper presents a framework for generic modeling of distributed embedded applications. An application is decomposed into services and mapped on a set of distributed nodes, whereas each node hosts one or more services. Each service is described by four interfaces: a real-time input/output, a configuration and planning (CP), and a diagnostic and management (DM) interface. The overall application is described by a cluster configuration description that specifies the interaction of services within and across nodes. The application requirements, the service properties of a node, and the interaction of the services as well as the application mapping are described formally with XML descriptions. The XML format allows a language-neutral and extensible semantic description of interfaces supporting the implementation of context-aware tools for modeling, scheduling, monitoring, simulation, and validation. A central concept of the model is the interface file system (IFS) that acts as a distributed shared memory and transparently implements the interfaces to services from other nodes. In principle, the communication system that updates the data in the IFS data is not bound to a specific implementation as long as it fulfills the given timing requirements. The presented concepts are applied in a case study that uses the time-triggered fieldbus protocol TTP/A for the implementation of a small sensor fusion application.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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An evaluation of aspect-oriented programming for java-based real-time systems development

An evaluation of aspect-oriented programming for java-based ...

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Proceedings - Seventh IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Tsang, Shiu Lun Clarke, Siobhán Baniassad, Elisa Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

Some concerns, such as debugging or logging functionality, cannot be captured cleanly, and are often tangled and scattered throughout the code base. These concerns are called crosscutting concerns. Aspect-oriented Programming (AOP) is a paradigm that enables developers to capture crosscutting concerns in separate aspect modules. The use of aspects has been shown to improve understandability and maintainability of systems. It has been shown that real-time concerns, such as memory management and thread scheduling, are crosscutting concerns [5, 6, 9, 11]. However it is unclear whether encapsulating these concerns provides benefits. We were interested in determining whether using AOP to encapsulate real-time crosscutting concerns afforded benefits in system properties such as understandability and maintainability. This paper presents research comparing the system properties of two systems: a real-time sentient traffic simulator and its Aspect-oriented equivalent. An evaluation of AOP is presented indicating both benefits and drawbacks with this approach.

关键词： Java programming language

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Fast software component migration for applications survivability in distributed real-time systems

Fast software component migration for applications survivabi...

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Proceedings - Seventh IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing

作者： Choi, Byung Kyu Rho, Sangig Bettati, Riccardo Department of Computer Science Michigan Technological University 1400 Townsend Dr. Houghton MI 49931-1295 United States Department of Computer Science Texas A and M University College Station TX 77843-3112 United States

ISBN: (纸本)076952124X

In this paper we propose and evaluate a methodology for run-time fast software component migration for application survivability in distributed real-time systems. For fast migration we focus on the two dominant factors;lightweight migration and proactive resource discovery. The former is to minimize the absolute amount of time required for migration and the latter is to provide a destination host information at the time of migration decision. The run-time software component is implemented as Java object whose class is defined by extending the unicast remote server class. The proactive resource discovery consists of Community protocol and associated algorithms. These two ideas have been implemented as a middleware that also provides a real-time job scheduler in JVM (Java Virtual Machine), and a naming server. Our analysis and simulation in a cluster computing environment show that the proactive resource discovery requires very low communication overhead while maintaining high effectiveness in finding available CPU resources. Our implementation and measurement show that run-time component migration based on our approach takes much less time compared to the approach based on reactive resource discovery.

关键词： real time systems

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Proceedings: Fourth IEEE international symposium on object-oriented real-time distributed computing: Isorc 2001, 2-4 May 2001, Magdeburg, Germany

Proceedings: Fourth IEEE International Symposium on Object-O...

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2001年

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