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BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration 31

BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration

引用

31st IEEE international symposium on High Performance Computer Architecture, HPCA 2025

作者： Chen, Yuzong Abouelhamayed, Ahmed F. Dai, Xilai Wang, Yang Andronic, Marta Constantinides, George A. Abdelfattah, Mohamed S. Cornell University Computer Systems Lab United States Systems and Networking Research Group Microsoft Research United States Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506476

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various machine learning tasks. Yet the substantial memory footprint of LLMs significantly hinders their deployment. In this paper, we improve the accessibility of LLMs through BitMoD1, an algorithm-hardware co-design solution that enables efficient LLM acceleration at low weight precision. On the algorithm side, BitMoD introduces fine-grained data type adaptation that uses a different numerical data type to quantize a group of (e.g., 128) weights. Through the careful design of these new data types, BitMoD is able to quantize LLM weights to very low precision (e.g., 4 bits and 3 bits) while maintaining high accuracy. On the hardware side, BitMoD employs a bitserial processing element to easily support multiple numerical precisions and data types;our hardware design includes two key innovations: First, it employs a unified representation to process different weight data types, thus reducing the hardware cost. Second, it adopts a bit-serial dequantization unit to rescale the per-group partial sum with minimal hardware overhead. Our evaluation on six representative LLMs demonstrates that BitMoD significantly outperforms state-of-the-art LLM quantization and acceleration methods. For discriminative tasks, BitMoD can quantize LLM weights to 4 -bit with © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated circuit design

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A NAND Flash Memory Controller for Energy-Constrained Edge computing Applications 27th

A NAND Flash Memory Controller for Energy-Constrained Edge ...

引用

27th international symposium on VLSI Design and Test, VDAT 2023

作者： Shekhawat, Diksha Gandhi, Jugal Sekhar C. B., Ranjeeth Santosh, M. Pandey, Jai Gopal Rajasthan Pilani333031 India Ghaziabad201002 India Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819737550

Flash memory has recently been popular in embedded applications due to its non-volatility, quick access speed, shock resilience, and low power consumption. NAND flash memory plays a significant role in edge computing by providing non-volatile storage for edge devices. Modern handheld electronic devices use NAND flash memory as the primary data storage, and this trend is continuing in data centers. Reading/Writing with the memory requires a controller that communicates with the memory. This work presents the architectural development and hardware implementations of a memory interface controller for a NAND flash memory device. Hardware implementations are carried out on the Zynq UltraScale+ ZCU102 platform containing the xczu9eg-2ffvb1156-2-e FPGA device, and area/delay calculations are performed using an observable method. The implementation results are also provided with the UMC 28 nm CMOS ASIC. The contributions of this work lie in the development of the controller architecture, its hardware implementations, and the evaluation of its performance on different platforms. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Nonvolatile storage

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Global Color-Aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete Wavelet Transform 20th

Global Color-Aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete W...

引用

20th IFIP WG 10.3 international Conference on Network and parallel computing, NPC 2024

作者： Chen, Bochao Tan, Junhao Li, Xiaoqiang Pei, Songwen School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628292

The purpose of image arbitrary style transfer is to apply a given artistic or photorealistic style to a target content image. While existing methods can effectively transfer style information, the variability in color brightness features between the style and content images can significantly impact the quality of the style transfer. Specifically, traditional arbitrary style transfer relies on an encoder-decoder architecture of spatial-aware neural networks operating in the RGB domain, which typically preserves only local color brightness information and lacks a global color perception compared to the wavelet frequency domain. In this paper, we address the issue of insufficient global color perception in images from the perspective of image enhancement. We propose Global Color-aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete Wavelet Transform (GCAST), which achieves a balance between the global color characteristics of style images and the local details of content images. Our approach involves an encoder that integrates preliminary feature encoding through cross-layer attention fusion, while the decoder modifies frequency features using a wavelet-based adjustment block. To maintain a balance between content and style in the stylized images, we design a comprehensive loss function that incorporates multiple restoration loss, double style loss, and noise regularization loss. Extensive experiments comparing our method with state-of-the-art techniques demonstrate that our proposed model generates stylized images with superior results in terms of global color perception and human perceptual studies. © IFIP international Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Decoding

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Optimizing Data Movement in Heterogeneous computing: A LASSA-based Approach for Efficient Nucleation List Precomputation

Optimizing Data Movement in Heterogeneous Computing: A LASSA...

引用

international symposium on Advanced computing and Communication (ISACC)

作者： Biswajit Bhowmik Girish K K Himanshu Pandey Piyus Prabhanjans Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar AIT Lab BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Maharshi Sushrut CAS Lab BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat

ISBN: (数字)9798331523893

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523909

In the rapidly evolving landscape of heterogeneous computing, the efficiency of data movement between CPUs and GPUs can make or break system performance. Despite advancements in parallel processing, existing methods for managing data transfers—particularly in GPU offloading scenarios—suffer from significant inefficiencies. These inefficiencies are particularly evident in nucleation list precomputation for non-equilibrium solidification models, where redundant data movements and complex dynamic work-sharing in OpenMP lead to significant performance overhead. To tackle this issue, this paper proposes a novel solution that integrates the Location-Aware Heap Static Single Assignment (LASSA) algorithm into the compilation process. This approach identifies and eliminates redundant memory copy operations, optimizing data transfers and reducing overhead. The findings reveal a dramatic performance boost, with up to a 9.6-fold increase in efficiency. By addressing the specific challenges of nucleation list precomputation, this work provides valuable insights into optimizing data movement in heterogeneous computing environments, paving the way for enhanced performance in parallel programming models.

关键词： Solid modeling Technological innovation parallel programming Computational modeling High performance computing System performance Graphics processing units parallel processing Heterogeneous networks Data models

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Case study of performance degradation on the Xen hypervisor-based virtualization related to the native host

Case study of performance degradation on the Xen hypervisor-...

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international symposium on INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH)

作者： Borislav Đorđević Kristina Janjić Nenad Kraljević Nikola Davidović Institute Mihailo Pupin Belgrade Serbia School of Electrical and Computing Engineering of Applied Studies Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies Belgrade Serbia Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of East Sarajevo BIH School of Electrical and Computing Engineering of Applied Studies Belgrade Serbia

ISBN: (数字)9798331515799

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515805

This paper conducts a comparative analysis of file system performance between a native operating system and Xen hypervisor-based virtualization. The study uses CentOS Stream 9 as both the native and guest operating system and employs Filebench for benchmarking purposes. Performance tests were carried out on the native operating system and within the Xen virtual environment, accommodating one to four virtual machines. A mathematical model was established for both the native and virtual environments, predicting that the native operating system would significantly outperform the virtualized one. The findings of this paper corroborate the model's predictions, demonstrating a substantial decline in file system performance due to virtualization.

关键词： Degradation Virtual machine monitors File systems Operating systems Linux Predictive models Benchmark testing Mathematical models Virtual machines Hardware

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Analog computing with High Precision and Reliability (Invited)

Analog Computing with High Precision and Reliability (Invite...

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Annual international symposium on Reliability Physics

作者： Wenhao Song J. Joshua Yang Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331504779

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504786

Analog devices such as memristors have been restricted to specific and low-precision application areas due to their historical limitations in precision and reliability. To solve that, we study the source of the reading noise and successfully mitigate it, achieving 2048 stable conductance levels. At the system level, we co-design a circuit architecture and programming algorithm to mitigate the device programming variations and reliability issues and demonstrate high-precision computing applications with enhanced power efficiency.

关键词： Protocols Fluctuations Neuromorphic engineering Partial differential equations Noise Memristors Computer architecture Programming Reliability theory Physics

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Edge computing Data Gateway Architecture

Edge Computing Data Gateway Architecture

引用

international symposium on INFOTEH-JAHORINA (INFOTEH)

作者： Martin Pies Jan Velicka Radovan Hajovsky Zdenek Slanina Dejan Jokic Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering VSB-TU Ostrava Ostrava Czech Republic Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering International Burch University Sarajevo Bosna i Hercegovina

ISBN: (数字)9798331515799

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515805

This article presents the design of an IoT communication gateway architecture aimed at collecting data from wireless sensor nodes, processing it using edge computing techniques, and distributing it to higher-level systems, such as cloud technologies. The architecture is tailored for long-term outdoor installations and incorporates a backup communication channel to enhance system reliability. The design prioritizes energy efficiency and resilience to harsh climatic conditions. To validate the system’s functionality and reliability, in-situ testing was conducted, allowing for real-world testing and generating valuable data for further system optimization.

关键词： Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Computer architecture Logic gates Data collection Energy efficiency Internet of Things Edge computing Testing Resilience

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Lossless Medical Image Compression Using Block-Wise Burrows–Wheeler Transform and Modified Run Length Encoding

Lossless Medical Image Compression Using Block-Wise Burrows...

引用

5th international symposium on Signal and Image Processing, ISSIP 2024

作者： Malaviya, Khushali Mishra, Pooja Pal, Arup Kumar Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Coimbatore India Dhanbad Jharkhand India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819795147

Lossless compression is preferred for the compact representation of medical images. In general, single compression algorithms are not that effective compared to the hybrid compression algorithm where several compression algorithms are collectively used properly to realize better compression. In this paper, the Burrows–Wheeler Transform (BWT) is applied at a block level for each bit plane of the medical images. Thus, this process identifies highly correlated binary streams, and subsequently, the obtained binary streams are further encoded through the modified Run Length Encoding (RLE). The probability of RLE is calculated for each bit plane and used subsequently to perform Huffman coding on each bit plane individually. The DICOM category of medical images and some images that are represented by 8-bit planes are used for the validation of the above approach. It is found that the present approach yields significantly better compression than that obtained with the standalone lossless compression algorithm that is Huffman coding and the conventional BWT-based lossless image compression algorithm. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Image compression

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Case study of performance degradation on the Xen hypervisor-based virtualization related to the native host

Case study of performance degradation on the Xen hypervisor-...

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24th international symposium INFOTEH-JAHORINA, INFOTEH 2025

作者： Dordević, Borislav Janjić, Kristina Kraljević, Nenad Davidović, Nikola Institute Mihailo Pupin Belgrade Serbia Academy of Technical and Art Applied Studies School of Electrical and Computing Engineering of Applied Studies Belgrade Serbia University of East Sarajevo Faculty of Electrical Engineering East Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina School of Electrical and Computing Engineering of Applied Studies Belgrade Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515799

关键词： Virtualization

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Efficient parallel Algorithm for Detecting Longest Flow Paths in Flow Direction Grids

Efficient Parallel Algorithm for Detecting Longest Flow Path...

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international symposium on Advanced computing and Communication (ISACC)

作者： Karunamuni Jayarukshi Shivali Agarwal Girish K K Santosh Goudar Biswajit Bhowmik Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Maharshi Sushrut CAS Lab BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar AIT Lab BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangalore Bharat

ISBN: (数字)9798331523893

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523909

High-performance computing (HPC) has transformed the capacity to address complex computational tasks across various scientific fields by enabling the efficient processing of large datasets and intricate simulations. In hydrological modeling, a critical task is identifying the longest flow channel within a catchment, which is essential for understanding water flow patterns and managing resources. However, existing geographic information system (GIS) algorithms for flow path identification often suffer from inefficiencies and inaccuracies. To address these challenges, this paper introduces innovative parallel methods utilizing Open Multi-Processing (OpenMP), a widely-used API that supports multi-platform shared-memory parallel programming. This approach optimizes the analysis of flow direction data, resulting in faster and more accurate identification of flow channels. The results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms current approaches, offering substantial improvements in both performance and precision. These advancements have the potential to significantly enhance hydrological modeling practices and water resource management.

关键词： Accuracy parallel programming Computational modeling Scalability Redundancy Computational efficiency Reliability parallel algorithms Water resources Geographic information systems

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