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A discussion in favor of Dynamic Scheduling for regular applications in Many-core Architectures

A discussion in favor of Dynamic Scheduling for regular appl...

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26th IEEE international parallel and distributed Processing symposium (IPDPS) / Workshop on High Performance Data Intensive computing

作者： Garcia, Elkin Orozco, Daniel Pavel, Robert Gao, Guang R. Univ Delaware Dept Elect & Comp Engn Comp Architecture & Parallel Syst Lab Newark DE 19716 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546766

The recent evolution of many-core architectures has resulted in chips where the number of processor elements (PEs) are in the hundreds and continue to increase every day. In addition, many-core processors are more and more frequently characterized by the diversity of their resources and the way the sharing of those resources is arbitrated. On such machines, task scheduling is of paramount importance to orchestrate a satisfactory distribution of tasks with an efficient utilization of resources, especially when fine-grain parallelism is desired or required. In the past, the primary focus of scheduling techniques has been on achieving load balancing and reducing overhead with the aim to increase total performance. This focus has resulted in a scheduling paradigm where Static Scheduling (SS) is preferred to Dynamic Scheduling (DS) for highly regular and embarrassingly parallel applications running on homogeneous architectures. We have revisited the task scheduling problem for these types of applications under the scenario imposed by many-core architectures to investigate whether or not there exists scenarios where DS is better than SS. Our main contribution is the idea that, for highly regular and embarrassingly parallel applications, DS is preferable to SS in some situations commonly found in many-core architectures. We present experimental evidence that shows how the performance of SS is degraded by the new environment on many-core chips. We analyze three reasons that contribute to the superiority of DS over SS on many-core architectures under the situations described: 1) A uniform mapping of work to processors without considering the granularity of tasks is not necessarily scalable under limited amounts of work. 2) The presence of shared resources (i.e. the crossbar switch) produces unexpected and stochastic variations on the duration of tasks that SS is unable to manage properly. 3) Hardware features, such as in-memory atomic operations, greatly contribute to decrea

关键词： core construction dynamic scheduling ARCHITECTURE TASK SCHEDULING Resource utilization Religious Missions PROCESSOR cross-bar switch Regular

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iCanCloud: A brief architecture overview

iCanCloud: A brief architecture overview

引用

2012 10th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2012

作者： Castañé, Gabriel G. Núñez, Alberto Carretero, Jesús Dept. de Informática Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Madrid Spain Dept. de Sistemas Informáticos Y Computación Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547015

During the last years the use of cloud computing environments for both researchers and enterprises is a major trend. On the one hand, cloud computing is a flexible and scalable paradigm that offers hardware and software services to be purchased by users. On the other hand, users have extra costs in several procedures, like calculating how many resources are needed by the applications. These tasks could be expensive and time-consuming. In this work we present iCanCloud, a simulation platform for modeling and simulating cloud environments. iCanCloud provides a complete set of modules for modeling with high level detail, a cloud computing environments and their underlying architecture. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Cache locking for network processing acceleration

Cache locking for network processing acceleration

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2012 10th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2012

作者： Su, Wen Gao, Xiang Wang, Jing You, Ruibang Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture Chinese Academy of Sciences China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences China Loongson Technology Corporation Limited China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547015

With the dramatic increase in network speed during the past ten years, network processing efficiency has been significantly decreased. In this paper, we propose a network accelerating scheme, which employs cache locking method to reduce data and instruction accessing latency. Interrupts handling and buffer maintenance overheads are obviously decreased. Experimental results show that our solution increases about 22% network bandwidth and reduces 10% latency. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Locks (fasteners)

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Moving multimedia simulations into the cloud: A cost-effective solution

Moving multimedia simulations into the cloud: A cost-effecti...

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2012 10th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2012

作者： Masala, Enrico Control and Computer Engineering Department Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547015

Researchers often demand bursts of computing power to quickly obtain the results of certain simulation activities. Multimedia communication simulations usually belong to such category. They may require several days on a generic PC to test a comprehensive set of conditions depending on the complexity of the scenario. This paper proposes to use a cloud computing framework to accelerate these simulations and, consequently, research activities, while at the same time reducing the overall costs. A practical simulation example is shown, representative of a typical simulation of H.264/AVC video communications over a wireless channel. This work shows that, by means of a commercial cloud computing provider, the gains of the proposed technique compared to more traditional solutions using dedicated computers can be significant in terms of speed and cost reduction. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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Need of software engineering methods for high performance computing applications

Need of software engineering methods for high performance co...

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2012 11th international symposium on parallel and distributed computing, ISPDC 2012

作者： Schmidberger, Miriam Brügge, Bernd Technische Universität München Institut für Informatik Garching Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769548050

This paper presents the results of an online survey with more than a hundred High Performance computing (HPC) community members. The goal of the survey was to get a deeper understanding of ongoing HPC projects and the project participants' knowledge about software engineering. Previous and current research give the impression that with software engineering methods adequate for the development of HPC applications time and effort can be saved. But the knowledge of the right and most beneficial methods is not easily available for HPC developers. The results of the survey confirm that there is only little use of software engineering in HPC and, as outlined in the related work section, there is so far no general approach to spread the use of software engineering in the HPC community. But according to our findings, deploying software engineering to facilitate the development of HPC applications is certainly a matter of interest. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Surveys

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Determining the availability of grid resources using active probing

Determining the availability of grid resources using active ...

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2012 11th international symposium on parallel and distributed computing, ISPDC 2012

作者： Straube, Christian Schiffers, Michael Kranzlmüller, Dieter Team Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769548050

Determining qualitative availability aspects of Grid resources is a complex and cumbersome task because of the inherent characteristics of a Grid like Virtual Organizations. To cope with these challenges we argue for a more qualitative specification of availability which respects inter-organizational aspects besides pure technical values and percentages. Although there are several existing approaches and tools to determine the availability of Grid resources, none of them supports our perspective of availability adequate enough. We propose with DAGA (Determining the Availability of Grid-Resources using Active Probing) a new approach which is both service oriented and active probing based. DAGA respects the specifics of Grid architectures, such as VO-specific authorization and authentication. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Grid computing

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Static segregative genetic algorithm for optimizing variable ordering of ROBDDs

Static segregative genetic algorithm for optimizing variable...

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13th international symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific computing (SYNASC)

作者： Brudaru, Octav Rotaru, Cristian Furdu, Iulian Romanian Acad Inst Comp Sci Iasi Branch Carol 111 Bucharest Romania Gh Asachi Tech Univ Iasi Romania Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Fac Comp Sci Iasi Romania V Alecsandri Univ Bacau Dept Math & Informat Bacau Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546308

This paper presents a segregative genetic algorithm for optimizing the variable order in Reduced Ordered Binary Decision Diagrams. The main components are a basic genetic algorithm and two feature functions used to measure the similarity between chromosomes. Many copies of the basic genetic algorithm explore in parallel subpopulations induced in the search space by clustering in the feature space. A communication protocol preserves the similarity within each subpopulation during the evolution process. An associative tabu search memory is used to avoid reexploration of the search space. Extensive experimental evaluation proves the efficiency and stability of the segregative approach, which systematically produces better results than the basic genetic algorithm. The efficiency of the distributed implementation in terms of resource usage and many aspects regarding the communication protocol between different components are thoroughly described. The experiments used classical benchmarks known as very difficult and show that the segregative variant is better than the monopopulation algorithm and the approach using the island model.

关键词： segregative genetic algorithm associative tabu search similarity preserving communication distributed implementation extensive exploration intensive exploitation

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Visualizing distributed Memory Computations with Hive Plots 12

Visualizing Distributed Memory Computations with Hive Plots

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9th international symposium on Visualization for Cyber Security (VizSec)

作者： Engle, Sophie Whalen, Sean Univ San Francisco Harney Sci Ctr San Francisco CA 94117 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450314138

A hive plot is a network layout algorithm that uses a parallel coordinate plot in which axes are radially arranged and node position is based on structural properties of that node [8]. We apply hive plots to message-passing communication networks formed by different high performance computing applications at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Hive plots have advantages over common network visualization methods, abandoning the popular "hairballs" of force-directed network layouts and opting instead for a tunable, repeatable, and interpretable view of network-theoretic properties. Small multiples of these hive plots, called hive panels, are analyzed to suggest which properties contribute to accurate classification of application behavior for anomaly detection in high performance computing environments.

关键词： Hive plots network visualization high performance computing anomaly detection

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Chemical reaction optimization for heterogeneous computing environments

Chemical reaction optimization for heterogeneous computing e...

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2012 10th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2012

作者： Li, Kenli Zhang, Zhimin Xu, Yuming Gao, Bo He, Ligang College of Information Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha Hunan China Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547015

Task scheduling has been proven to be NP-hard problem and we can usually approximate the best solutions with some classical algorithm, such as Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time(HEFT), Genetic Algorithm. However, the huge types of scheduling problems and the small number of generally acknowledged methods mean that more methods are needed. In this paper, we propose a new method to schedule the execution of a group of dependent tasks for heterogeneous computing environments. The algorithm consists of two elements: An intelligent approach to assign the execution orders of tasks by task level, and an allocation algorithm based on chemical-reaction-inspired metaheuristic called Chemical Reaction Optimization (CRO) to map processors to tasks. The experiments show that the CRO-based algorithm performs consistently better than HEFT and Critical Path On a Processor (CPOP) without incurring much computational cost. Multiple runs of the algorithm can further improve the search result. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Incorporating business intelligence in cloud marketplaces

Incorporating business intelligence in cloud marketplaces

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2012 10th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications, ISPA 2012

作者： Gatzioura, Anna Menychtas, Andreas Moulos, Vrettos Varvarigou, Theodora Distributed Knowledge and Media Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9780769547015

Cloud computing has changed considerably the architecture of modern IT systems introducing new design principles based on the notion of the service as main building unit. Decoupling the service offering from the underlying infrastructure, cloud computing allows for more efficient management of the required resources which in business level is translated into higher flexibility and increased profit. To this end, Clouds are not only an innovative technological environment but also a beneficial market for all the involved stakeholders. This market expands continuously and new service aggregations, customizations and business models are offered in order to cover the needs of all end-users. However, even in this new business ecosystem, the question still remains: "Which offering should I buy"? In this paper we present an approach for incorporating business intelligence in cloud marketplaces through a mechanism for answering this question based on the individual requirements and use profile of each particular cloud customer. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud computing

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