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Image Retrieval Using ESNs and Relevance Feedback

Image Retrieval Using ESNs and Relevance Feedback

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The Eleventh international symposium on distributed Computing and Applications to Business,engineering and Science(DCABES2012)(第十一届分布式计算及其应用国际学术研讨会)(原名:电子商务、工程及科学领域的分布式计算和应用国际学术研讨会)

作者： Jian Wu Yuan-feng Yang Zhi-ming Cui Jing Fang JiangSu Province Support Software Engineering R&D Center for Modern Information Technology Applicati The Institute of Intelligent Information Processing and Application Soochow University Suzhou 215006

In order to overcome “semantic gap” between bottom features and high-level semantic in the image retrieval,this paper introduces the echo state network to strengthen the mapping between the high-level vision content and the bottom visual feature and designs a feedback category screening *** extract the feature of the queried image and get the characteristic vector of the image;through introducing the echo state network for image and constructing sample testing model for each kind of image data,we can calculate the category probability of the queried image,so as to achieve similarity discrimination of the queried image and library *** users make feedbacks to the retrieval results and systems use related feedback algorithm to amend image feature,we retrieve and screen the category of the returned *** show that our retrieval architecture can achieve very good retrieval results.

关键词： image retrieval feature extraction ESNs relevance feedback

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CDA: A Cloud Dependability Analysis Framework for Characterizing System Dependability in Cloud Computing Infrastructures

CDA: A Cloud Dependability Analysis Framework for Characteri...

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Pacific Rim international symposium on Dependable Computing

作者： Qiang Guan Chi-Chen Chiu Song Fu Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas Denton TX USA

Cloud computing has become increasingly popular by obviating the need for users to own and maintain complex computing infrastructure. However, due to their inherent complexity and large scale, production cloud computing systems are prone to various runtime problems caused by hardware and software failures. Dependability assurance is crucial for building sustainable cloud computing services. Although many techniques have been proposed to analyze and enhance reliability of distributed systems, there is little work on understanding the dependability of cloud computing environments. As virtualization has been an enabling technology for the cloud, it is imperative to investigate the impact of virtualization on the cloud dependability, which is the focus of this work. In this paper, we present a cloud dependability analysis (CDA) framework with mechanisms to characterize failure behavior in cloud computing infrastructures. We design the failure-metric DAGs (directed a cyclic graph) to analyze the correlation of various performance metrics with failure events in virtualized and non-virtualized systems. We study multiple types of failures. By comparing the generated DAGs in the two environments, we gain insight into the impact of virtualization on the cloud dependability. This paper is the first attempt to study this crucial issue. In addition, we exploit the identified metrics for failure detection. Experimental results from an on-campus cloud computing test bed show that our approach can achieve high detection accuracy while using a small number of performance metrics.

关键词： Measurement Cloud computing Servers Virtual machine monitors Correlation Virtual machining

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High performance frequent pattern mining on multi-core cluster

High performance frequent pattern mining on multi-core clust...

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international symposium on Collaborative Technologies and systems

作者： Lan Vu Gita Alaghband Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Colorado Denver Denver USA

Mining frequent patterns is a fundamental data mining task with numerous practical applications such as consumer market-basket analysis, web mining, and network intrusion detection. When database size is large, executing this mining task on a personal computer is non-trivial because of huge computational time and memory consumption. In our previous research, we proposed a novel algorithm named FEM which is more efficient than well-known algorithms like Apriori, Eclat or FP-growth in discovering frequent patterns from both dense and sparse databases. However, in order to apply FEM to applications with large-scale databases, it is essential to develop new parallel algorithms that are based on FEM and deploy this mining task on high performance computer systems. In this paper, we present a new method named PFEM that parallelizes the FEM algorithm for a cluster of multi-core machines. Our proposed method allows each machine in the cluster execute an independent mining workload to improve the scalability. Computations within a multi-core machine use shared memory model to reduce communication overhead and maintain load balance. With the collaboration of both distributed memory and shared memory computational models, PFEM can adapt well to large computer systems with many multi-core.

关键词： Finite element methods Itemsets Algorithm design and analysis Computational modeling Association rules

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Simpute: A Simple Genotype Imputation Method

Simpute: A Simple Genotype Imputation Method

引用

international Conference on Complex, Intelligent and software Intensive systems, CISIS

作者： Yen Jen Lin Chun Tien Chang Chuan Yi Tang Wen-Ping Hsieh Department of Computer Science National Tsinghua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Providence University Taichung Taiwan Institute of Statistics National Tsinghua University Hsinchu Taiwan

High-throughput technology for genotyping has made genome-wide associations possible. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data derived from array-based technology are usually flawed due to missing data, although they have generally high call rates and good concordance rates across different genotype calling schemes. Missing SNPs can bias the results of association analyses and hence loci with missing data are removed in some studies. Imputation is a method of compensating for the missing data by filling in the most probable values. It can increase the power of the association study and does not involve extra cost to genotype the missing SNPs. In this article, we propose a simple imputation method (Simpute) that takes advantage of the high resolution of SNPs in either the array platform or the mass parallel sequencing platform. It is based on the linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure of the chromosome and only two nearby SNPs are needed to fill in the missing data. Simpute does not use any reference data. We tested this method by randomly masking the genotype data of the international Hap Map phase III project, and the evaluation is made on Chromosome 21. The proposed Simpute algorithm was compared with two algorithms. At highly linked SNP loci, it performs approximately well as BEAGLE, which is a general-purpose algorithm and integrates lots of information. Simpute outperforms the second algorithm proposed by Jung et al., which does not use any reference samples as Simpute. The best feature of Simpute is its computational efficiency with complexity of order, where n is the number of missing SNPs, w is the number of the positions of the missing SNPs and m is the number of people considered. Simpute provides a simple, accurate and fast solution to the whole genome imputation. We have demonstrated that when the SNPs are densely distributed on the chromosome with high linkage disequilibrium between adjacent loci, there is no need to adopt complicated algorithms. Simput

关键词： Couplings Biological cells Error analysis Genomics Bioinformatics software Arrays

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Towards Cyber-Eco systems: Networked Sensing, Inference and Control for distributed Ecological Experiments

Towards Cyber-Eco Systems: Networked Sensing, Inference and ...

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IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom)

作者： Paul G. Flikkema Kenji R. Yamamoto Samuel Boegli Christopher Porter Paul Heinrich Wireless Networks Research Laboratory Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA BluePlasma Engineering Scottsdale AZ USA Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467351461

New applications are motivating and informing the design of sensor/actuator networks, and, more broadly, research in cyber-physical systems (CPS). Our knowledge of many physical systems is uncertain, so that sensing and actuation must be mediated by inference of the structure and parameters of physical-system models. One CPS application domain of growing interest is ecological systems, motivated by the need to understand plant survival and growth as a function of genetics, environment, and climate change. For this effort to be successful, we must be able to infer coupled, data-driven predictive models of plant growth dynamics in response to climate drivers that allow incorporation of uncertainty. We are developing an architecture and implementation for precise fine-scale control of irrigation in an array of geographically-distributed outdoor gardens on an elevational gradient of over 1500 m, allowing design of experiments that combine control of temperature and water availability. This paper describes a system architecture and implementation for this class of cyber-eco systems, including sensor/actuator node design, site-level networking, data assimilation, inference, and distributed control. Among its innovations are a modular, parallel-processing node hardware design allowing real-time processing and heterogeneous nodes, energy-aware hardware/software design, and a networking protocol that builds in trade-offs between energy conservation and latency. Throughout, we emphasize the changes in system architecture required as missions evolve from sensing-only to sensing, inference, and control. We also describe our developmental implementation of the architecture and its planned deployment. Future extensions will likely add negative control of precipitation using active rain-out shelters and additional plant-level control of air or soil temperature.

关键词： Meteorology Temperature measurement Temperature sensors Soil Actuators Irrigation

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P-Tracer: Path-Based Performance Profiling in Cloud Computing systems

P-Tracer: Path-Based Performance Profiling in Cloud Computin...

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IEEE Annual international Computer software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Haibo Mi Huaimin Wang Hua Cai Yangfan Zhou Michael R. Lyu Zhenbang Chen National Lab for Parallel & Distributed Processing National Univ. of Defense Technology Changsha China Computing Platform Alibaba Cloud Computing Company Hangzhou China Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering The Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong Hong Kong

In large-scale cloud computing systems, the growing scale and complexity of component interactions pose great challenges for operators to understand the characteristics of system performance. Performance profiling has long been proved to be an effective approach to performance analysis; however, existing approaches do not consider two new requirements that emerge in cloud computing systems. First, the efficiency of the profiling becomes of critical concern; second, visual analytics should be utilized to make profiling results more readable. To address the above two issues, in this paper, we present P-Tracer, an online performance profiling approach specifically tailored for large-scale cloud computing systems. P-Tracer constructs a specific search engine that adopts a proactive way to process performance logs and generates particular indices for fast queries; furthermore, PTracer provides users with a suite of web-based interfaces to query statistical information of all kinds of services, which helps them quickly and intuitively understand system behavior. The approach has been successfully applied in Alibaba Cloud Computing Inc. to conduct online performance profiling both in production clusters and test clusters. Experience with one real-world case demonstrates that P-Tracer can effectively and efficiently help users conduct performance profiling and localize the primary causes of performance anomalies.

关键词： Cloud computing Instruments Postal services Search engines Shape System performance Production

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Application Research of WebSocket Technology on Web Tree Component

Application Research of WebSocket Technology on Web Tree Com...

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2012 international symposium on Information Technologies in Medicine and Education(ITME2012)

作者： JIANG Feng-yan School of Information Science and engineering,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for distributed Computer software Novel Technology.Shandong Normal University Jinan,China DUAN Hui-chuan Basic Education Department,Shandong Normal University,Jinan,China

In the development of information systems,Web tree component is an important way to show information,provide a convenient and intuitive information queries,which has become one of the essential features in the information *** present,Web tree component still has a series of problems in communication efficiency,displaying and updating rate,*** paper uses MyEclipse and MySql as development tools to design and implement web tree component based on WebSocket,the component can display and update tree structure dynamicly,Theory analysis and experimental results show that the improved scheme provides a better user experience,comparing with the previous traditional long polling based on AJAX technology,it effectively reduces the amount of data transmission,communication overhead,etc.

关键词： Websocket Web tree component AJAX Long-polling

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Synchronising Service Compositions in Dynamic Ad Hoc Environments

Synchronising Service Compositions in Dynamic Ad Hoc Environ...

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IEEE international Conference on Mobile Services (MS)

作者： Christin Groba Siobh'n Clarke Distributed Systems Group School of Computer Science and StatisticsLero Graduate School of Software Engineering Trinity College Dublin Ireland

Service compositions in dynamic ad hoc environments face frequent changes in the network and service topology. Late service binding is a way to adapt to runtime changes but requires additional communication over error-prone and energy-constrained networks. In particular, synchronising parallel service flows relies on steady message exchange when mutually unknown service providers have to agree on a common merge node. Binding the merge node early through a single entity reduces the need for coordination. However, it compromises flexibility and may nonetheless increase communication as the decision entity has only partial view of the system. This paper proposes a multi-party late binding protocol as a solution for flexible, communication-aware service composition in dynamic ad hoc environments. The protocol integrates the discovery of unknown synchronisation partners with the exchange of binding suggestions to reduce communication. We embed this protocol in our model for opportunistic service composition and evaluate it against an early binding approach. Simulation results show that while being overall equally successful, late service binding outperforms early binding with respect to communication overhead and response time.

关键词： Peer to peer computing Synchronization Protocols Runtime Routing Ad hoc networks Noise

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Reliable Provisioning of Spot Instances for Compute-intensive Applications

Reliable Provisioning of Spot Instances for Compute-intensiv...

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international Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications (AINA)

作者： William Voorsluys Rajkumar Buyya Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne Australia

Cloud computing providers are now offering their unused resources for leasing in the spot market, which has been considered the first step towards a full-fledged market economy for computational resources. Spot instances are virtual machines (VMs) available at lower prices than their standard on-demand counterparts. These VMs will run for as long as the current price is lower than the maximum bid price users are willing to pay per hour. Spot instances have been increasingly used for executing compute-intensive applications. In spite of an apparent economical advantage, due to an intermittent nature of biddable resources, application execution times may be prolonged or they may not finish at all. This paper proposes a resource allocation strategy that addresses the problem of running compute-intensive jobs on a pool of intermittent virtual machines, while also aiming to run applications in a fast and economical way. To mitigate potential unavailability periods, a multifaceted fault-aware resource provisioning policy is proposed. Our solution employs price and runtime estimation mechanisms, as well as three fault-tolerance techniques, namely check pointing, task duplication and migration. We evaluate our strategies using trace-driven simulations, which take as input real price variation traces, as well as an application trace from the parallel Workload Archive. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of executing applications on spot instances, respecting QoS constraints, despite occasional failures.

关键词： Fault tolerance Fault tolerant systems Checkpointing Runtime Virtual machining Computational modeling

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A Lightweight, Component-based Approach to engineering Reconfigurable Embedded Real-Time Control software

A Lightweight, Component-based Approach to Engineering Recon...

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9th IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing with Applications Workshops (ISPAW)/ICASE/SGH/GSDP

作者： Kwon, Jagun Hailes, Stephen UCL London WC1E 6BT England

ISBN: (纸本)9780769544298

The cost of poor or repeat engineering in complex control systems is extremely high, and flexibility in software design and implementation is one of the key factors in staying competitive in the market. Complexity can be managed most effectively if the underlying software systems support structured, standardised, high-level abstraction layers that encapsulate unnecessary details behind well-defined interfaces. Moreover, since the costs of software maintenance are often as high as that of initial development, the ease with which it is possible flexibly to reconfigure, re-engineer, and replace software components in operational systems is also critical. In this paper, we present a lightweight, component-based approach to engineering embedded real-time control software, which is realized in the form of a middleware system named MIREA. The middleware supports dynamic reconfiguration of components written in C/C++, and addresses variability management in relation to non-functional properties, such as quality-of-service (QoS) and real-time scheduling. Users are allowed to componentize existing libraries easily, such as the standard NIST 4D/Real-time Control systems (RCS) library, which has been successfully used in many U.S government-driven intelligent control projects, and to reuse them as dynamically reconfigurable components. A realistic illustration is provided showing how control systems are structured and reconfigured using our approach. In fact, we discuss our approach to control using a fusion of NIST RCS as a means of architecting a real time control system and MIREA as a means of realising that architecture. Our progress to date suggests that MIREA is indeed well suited as a middleware facilitating the construction of efficient, lightweight, and scalable real-time embedded control systems.

关键词： Batteries Control systems Middleware Monitoring Real time systems Runtime software

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