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20th Annual international symposium of the international Council on systems engineering, INCOSE 2010

作者： Hause, Matthew Artisan Software Tools Chief Consulting Engineer Co-Chair UPDM Group Suite 701 Tower Eagle Cheltenham GL50 1TN United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781617388873

Model Based systems engineering (MBSE) in a distributed environment using virtual teams presents many challenges. This paper will discuss the development projects for creating specifications for a Unified Profile for DoDAF and MODAF (UPDM) versions 1.0 and 2.0, which were created under the Object Management Group (OMG). The UPDM 1.0 project was completed in 5 months and involved people from 21 organizations in 11 different time zones. For UPDM 1.0, three face-to-face meetings were held with sub-groups, but the majority of the work was performed virtually using MBSE techniques. In this paper we will discuss the challenges we encountered, the lessons learned, and how we have changed our working practices forUPDM 2.0. © 2010 by Matthew Hause.

关键词： systems engineering

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The Red Storm Architecture and Early Experiences with Multi-Core Processors

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international JOURNAL OF distributed systems AND TECHNOLOGIES 2010年第2期1卷 74-93页

作者： Tomkins, James L. Brightwell, Ron Camp, William J. Dosanjh, Sudip Kelly, Suzanne M. Lin, Paul T. Vaughan, Courtenay T. Levesque, John Tipparaju, Vinod Sandia Natl Labs POB 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185 USA Sandia Natl Labs Comp Computat Informat & Math Livermore CA USA Sandia Natl Labs Comp Sci Res Livermore CA USA Sandia Natl Labs Tech Staff Livermore CA USA Cray Inc Seattle WA USA Oak Ridge Natl Lab Future Technol Grp Oak Ridge TN USA

The Red Storm architecture, which was conceived by Sandia National Laboratories and implemented by Cray, Inc., has become the basis for most successful line of commercial supercomputers in history. The success of the Red Storm architecture is due largely to the ability to effectively and efficiently solve a wide range of science and engineering problems. The Cray XT series of machines that embody the Red Storm architecture have allowed for unprecedented scaling and performance of parallel applications spanning many areas of scientific computing. This paper describes the fundamental characteristics of the architecture and its implementation that have enabled this success, even through successive generations of hardware and software.

关键词： High-Performance Computing Large-Scale Computers Massively parallel Processor Multiprocessing systems parallel Processing systems Supercomputers

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parallelization of tau-leap coarse-grained Monte Carlo Simulations on GPUs

Parallelization of tau-leap coarse-grained Monte Carlo Simul...

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24th IEEE international parallel and distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2010

作者： Xu, Lifan Taufer, Michela Collins, Stuart Vlachos, Dionisios G. Dept. of Computer and Inf. Sciences University of Delaware United States Dept. of Chemical Engineering University of Delaware United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464432

The Coarse-Grained Monte Carlo (CGMC) method is a multi-scale stochastic mathematical and simulation framework for spatially distributed systems. CGMC simulations are important tools for studying phenomena such as catalysis, crystal growth, surface diffusion, phase transitions on single crystals, and cell membrane receptor dynamics. In parallel CGMC, the tau-leap method is usedfor parallel simulations that are executed on traditional CPU clusters in a master-slave setting. Unfortunately the communications between master and slaves negatively impact speedup and scalability. In this paper, we explore the potentials of GPUs for the tau-leap method and we present an extensive performance evaluation that leads to the most suitable degree of parallelism for this method under different simulation profiles. We show how the efficient parallelization of the tau-leap method for GPUs includes (1) the redefinition of its data structures, (2) the redesign of its algorithm, and (3) the selection of the most appropriate degree of parallelism (i.e., ine-grained or course-gained) on a single GPU or multiple GPUs. Exceptional performance improvements can thus be achieved for this method. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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ISORC Workshops 2010 - 2010 13th IEEE international symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time distributed Computing Workshops

ISORC Workshops 2010 - 2010 13th IEEE International Symposiu...

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2010 13th IEEE international symposium on Object/Component/Service-Oriented Real-Time distributed Computing Workshops, ISORC Workshops 2010

ISBN: (纸本)9780769540382

The proceedings contain 64 papers. The topics discussed include: dynamic policy-driven quality of service in service-oriented systems;a scheme for reliable real-time messaging with bounded delays;energy-saving mechanisms in the time-triggered architecture;model-based programming of modular robots;design and performance evaluation of binary code packing for protecting embedded software against reverse engineering;architectural and behavioral modeling with AADL for fault tolerant embedded systems;model-driven development of a web service-oriented architecture and security policies;real-time-component based software architecture for QoS-adaptive networked multimedia applications;flexible resource management for self-x systems: an evaluation;real-time distribution of time-dependant tasks in heterogeneous environments;towards a framework for self-adaptive reliable network services in highly-uncertain environments;and policy-based reprogramming for wireless sensor networks.

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V2X: An automated tool for building systemC-based simulation environments in designing multicore systems-on-chips

V2X: An automated tool for building systemC-based simulation...

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IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing With Applications

作者： Liaw, Yun-Hung Hung, Shih-Hao Tu, Chia-Heng Graduate Institute of Networking and Multimedia National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541907

Hardware/software (HW/SW) co-design has become an important issue for system design, and simulation environments have been utilized widely to shorten the development cycle. However, traditional hardware description languages (HDL), e.g., Verilog and VHDL, which are used by hardware designers to describe the hardware and model the hardware in a detailed simulated environment, are not appropriate for the purpose of HW/SW co-design. Instead, SystemC provides a higher-level simulation environment to the developers and is more suitable for HW/SW co-design. Furthermore, HDL-based simulation environments are far too slow to execute parallel programs as the number of processor cores increases. Thus, one would have liked an automated tool for converting existing HDL-based chip designs to SystemC or even higher-level functional descriptions so that the simulation speed would be acceptable for multicore systems. However, since existing tools failed to accomplish that, we developed an automated tool, called V2X, to convert Verilog chip designs to SystemC. In this paper, we show that complicated Verilog-based multicore chip descriptions were translated into SystemC descriptions automatically and resulted in better performance and programmability. In our case study, V2X successfully translated the 8-core OpenSPARC T1 system-on-chip into SystemC. Without further abstraction, the simulation speed was improved by ~40 times. The two-stage translation scheme makes V2X flexible and extensible, which paves the way for further abstraction to speed up the simulation environment. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Resource management of enterprise cloud systems using layered queuing and historical performance models

Resource management of enterprise cloud systems using layere...

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2010 IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing, Workshops and Phd Forum, IPDPSW 2010

作者： Bacigalupo, David A. Van Hemert, Jano Usmani, Asif Dillenberger, Donna N. Wills, Gary B. Jarvis, Stephen A. School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom Data-Intensive Research Group School of Informatics University of Edinburgh EH8 9AB United Kingdom BRE Centre for Fire Safety Engineering School of Engineering University of Edinburgh EH9 3JL United Kingdom IBM T.J. Watson Research Centre Yorktown Heights NY 10598 United States Department of Computer Science High Performance Systems Group University of Warwick CV4 7AL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465347

The automatic allocation of enterprise workload to resources can be enhanced by being able to make 'whatif' response time predictions, whilst different allocations are being considered. It is important to quantitatively compare the effectiveness of different prediction techniques for use in cloud infrastructures. To help make the comparison of relevance to a wide range of possible cloud environments it is useful to consider the following. 1.) urgent cloud customers such as the emergency services that can demand cloud resources at short notice (e.g. for our FireGrid emergency response software). 2.) dynamic enterprise systems, that must rapidly adapt to frequent changes in workload, system configuration and/or available cloud servers. 3.) The use of the predictions in a coordinated manner by both the cloud infrastructure and cloud customer management systems. 4.) A broad range of criteria for evaluating each technique. However, there have been no previous comparisons meeting these requirements. This paper, meeting the above requirements, quantitatively compares the layered queuing and ("HYDRA") historical techniques - including our initial thoughts on how they could be combined. Supporting results and experiments include the following: i.) defining, investigating and hence providing guidelines on the use of a historical and layered queuing model;ii.) using these guidelines showing that both techniques can make low overhead and typically over 70% accurate predictions, for new server architectures for which only a small number of benchmarks have been run;and iii.) defining and investigating tuning a prediction-based cloud workload and resource management algorithm. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Improving Scheduling of Tasks Using Delay Adjust in a Heterogeneous Environment

Improving Scheduling of Tasks Using Delay Adjust in a Hetero...

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2010 3rd international Conference on Biomedical engineering and Informatics (BMEI 2010)

作者： Kang, Yan Yunnan Univ Sch Software Dept Software Engn Kunming 650091 Yunnan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464968

Optimal scheduling of parallel tasks with some precedence is critical for achieving high performance in heterogeneous computing system. The application scheduling is known to be NP-complete in general cases. The complexity of the problem increase when task scheduling is to be done in a heterogeneous environment, where the processors in the network may not be identical and take different amounts of time to execute the same task. This paper presents a task scheduling algorithm for the tasks run on the network of Heterogeneous systems and represented by Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). The algorithm first assigns the tasks on processors and orders their execution so that task precedence requirements are satisfied. Then it shortens overall completion time by inserting the task into the slack that is created by delaying some tasks without exceeding the current completion time. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated by comparing the scheduling length ratio, frequency of best results with the existing effectively scheduling algorithms, Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time and Iterative List Scheduling algorithm.

关键词： schedule algorithm heterogeneous heuristic distributed system

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Dynamic load balancing in parallel KD-Tree k-Means

Dynamic load balancing in parallel KD-Tree k-Means

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10th IEEE international Conference on Computer and Information Technology, CIT-2010, 7th IEEE international Conference on Embedded software and systems, ICESS-2010, 10th IEEE Int. Conf. Scalable Computing and Communications, ScalCom-2010

作者： Di Fatta, Giuseppe Pettinger, David School of Systems Engineering University of Reading Whiteknights Reading Berkshire RG6 6AY United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541082

One among the most influential and popular data mining methods is the k-Means algorithm for cluster analysis. Techniques for improving the efficiency of k-Means have been largely explored in two main directions. The amount of computation can be significantly reduced by adopting geometrical constraints and an efficient data structure, notably a multi-dimensional binary search tree (KD-Tree). These techniques allow to reduce the number of distance computations the algorithm performs at each iteration. A second direction is parallel processing, where data and computation loads are distributed over many processing nodes. However, little work has been done to provide a parallel formulation of the efficient sequential techniques based on KD-Trees. Such approaches are expected to have an irregular distribution of computation load and can suffer from load imbalance. This issue has so far limited the adoption of these efficient k-Means variants in parallel computing environments. In this work, we provide a parallel formulation of the KD-Tree based k-Means algorithm for distributed memory systems and address its load balancing issue. Three solutions have been developed and tested. Two approaches are based on a static partitioning of the data set and a third solution incorporates a dynamic load balancing policy. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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Resilient virtual network service provision in Network Virtualization environments

Resilient virtual network service provision in Network Virtu...

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16th IEEE international Conference on parallel and distributed systems, ICPADS 2010

作者： Chen, Yang Li, Jianxin Wo, Tianyu Hu, Chunming Liu, Wantao State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543079

Network Virtualization has recently emerged to provide scalable, customized and on-demand virtual network services over a shared substrate network. How to provide VN services with resiliency guarantees against network failures has become a critical issue, meanwhile the service resource usages should be minimized under the strict constraints such as link bandwidth capability and service resiliency guarantees etc. In this paper, we present a resource allocation algorithm to balance the tradeoff between service resource consumptions and service resiliency. By exploiting a heuristic VN mapping scheme and a restoration path selection scheme based on intelligent bandwidth sharing, the algorithm simultaneously makes cost-effective usage of network resources and protects VN services against network failures. We perform evaluations and find that the algorithm is near optimal in terms of network resource usage, especially the additional restoration bandwidth cost for resiliency protection. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Proficiency metrics for failure prediction in high performance computing

Proficiency metrics for failure prediction in high performan...

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IEEE international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing With Applications

作者： Taerat, Narate Leangsuksun, Chokchai Chandler, Clayton Naksinehaboon, Nichamon College of Engineering and Science Louisiana Tech. University Ruston LA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769541907

The number of failures occurring in large-scale high performance computing (HPC) systems is significantly increasing due to the large number of physical components found on the system. Fault tolerance (FT) mechanisms help parallel applications mitigate the impact of failures. However, using such mechanisms requires additional overhead. As such, failure prediction is needed in order to smartly utilize FT mechanisms. Hence, the proficiency of a failure prediction determines the efficiency of FT mechanism utilization. The proficiency of a failure predictor in HPC is usually designated by well-known error measurements, e.g. MSE, MAD, precision and recall, in which less error infers the greater proficiency. In this manuscript, we propose to view prediction proficiency from another aspect-lost computing time. We then discuss the insufficiency of error measurements as HPC failure prediction proficiency metrics from the aspect of lost computing time, and propose novel metrics that address these issues. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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