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1st ACM international workshop on Data Warehousing and OLAP, DOLAP 1998

作者： Goil, Sanjay Choudhary, Alok Center for Parallel and Distributed Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road EvanstonIL60208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581131208

Summary information from data in large databases is used to answer queries in On-Line Analytical Processing (OLAP) systems and to build decision support systems over them. The Data Cube is used to calculate and store summary information on a variety of dimensions, which is computed only partially if the number of dimensions is large. Queries posed on such systems are quite complex and require different views of data. These may either be answered from a materialized cube in the data cube or calculated on the fly. Further, data mining for associations can be performed on the data cube. Analytical models need to capture the multi-dimensionality of the underlying data, a task for which multidimensional databases are well suited. Multidimensional databases store data in multidimensional structure on which analytical operations are performed. A challenge for these systems is how to handle large data sets in a large number of dimensions. This paper presents q parallel OLAP infrastructure for multidimensional databases integrated with association rule mining. scheduling optimizations for parallel computation of complete data cubes are presented. We propose left and right schedules for partial data cubes for m-way mining of association rules. Our implementation on the IBM SP-2, a shared-nothing parallel machine, can handle large data sets and a large number of dimensions by using disk I/O in our algorithms. © ACM 1999.

关键词： Decision support systems

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CCS resource management in networked HPC systems

CCS resource management in networked HPC systems

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Heterogeneous Computing workshop

作者： A. Keller A. Reinefeld PC Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing Universität Paderborn Paderborn Germany

CCS is a resource management system for parallel high-performance computers. At the user level, CCS provides vendor-independent access to parallel systems. At the system administrator level, CCS offers tools for controlling (i.e, specifying, configuring and scheduling) the system components that are operated in a computing center. Hence the name "Computing Center Software". CCS provides: hardware-independent scheduling of interactive and batch jobs; partitioning of exclusive and non-exclusive resources; open, extensible interfaces to other resource management systems; a high degree of reliability (e.g. automatic restart of crashed daemons); fault tolerance in the case of network breakdowns. The authors describe CCS as one important component for the access, job distribution, and administration of networked HPC systems in a metacomputing environment.

关键词： Carbon capture and storage resource management Intelligent networks Metacomputing Computer networks Processor scheduling distributed computing Fault tolerance Hardware parallel processing

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scheduling tasks in DAG to heterogeneous processor system

Scheduling tasks in DAG to heterogeneous processor system

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Euromicro workshop on parallel and distributed Processing

作者： Wai-Yip Chan Chi-Kwong Li Department of Electronic Engieering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)0818683325

Heterogeneous processors configuration in parallel and distributed becomes a practical solution in modern parallel and distributed system. In order to execute tasks in such system with better performance, scheduling algorithms which support the configuration are needed. This paper starts with studying a technique called Heterogeneous List scheduling Heuristic (HLS) for designing scheduling algorithm to schedule tasks into heterogeneous systems. With this, an experience of designing scheduling algorithm for scheduling task into heterogeneous system is described. This is done by modifying an algorithm called Relative Mobility, which is proposed by Chan and Li [2][3] for scheduling task into homogeneous system, to propose an algorithm called Heterogeneous Relative Mobility scheduling algorithm (HRMS). Finally, an experiment is conducted to show some important properties as scheduling tasks into different configurations of processors.

关键词： Processor scheduling Optimal scheduling scheduling algorithm Algorithm design and analysis High level synthesis Human resource management Very large scale integration

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Poaching and distraction in asynchronous agent activities

Poaching and distraction in asynchronous agent activities

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international Conference on Multi Agent systems

作者： M.H. Chia D.E. Neiman V.R. Lesser Computer Science Departmentate University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA

We investigate coordination issues in a distributed jobshop scheduling system in which agents schedule potentially contentious activities asynchronously in parallel. Agents in such a system will in general have a limited view of the global state of resources and must exchange appropriate state information with other agents in order to schedule effectively. However, even given perfect instantaneous knowledge of other agents' resource requirements, agents still may not be able to schedule effectively if they do not also model the possible future actions of other agents and the effects of their own actions. We formally describe two types of agent behaviors, poaching and distraction, arising from the asynchronous nature of distributed systems that decrease scheduling effectiveness, and we present experimental results from a distributed airport resource management system demonstrating a significant improvement in scheduling performance when coordination mechanisms are used to prevent such behaviors.

关键词： Job shop scheduling Read only memory Airports Dynamic scheduling Decision support systems Computer science Electrical capacitance tomography Identity-based encryption resource management Production facilities

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Performance prediction in production environments

Performance prediction in production environments

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international Symposium on parallel Processing

作者： J.M. Schopf F. Berman Computer Science and Engineering Department University of California San Diego USA

Accurate performance predictions are difficult to achieve for parallel applications executing on production distributed systems. Conventional point-valued performance parameters and prediction models are often inaccurate since they can only represent one point in a range of possible behaviors. The authors address this problem by allowing characteristic application and system data to be represented by a set of possible values and their probabilities, which they call stochastic values. They give a practical methodology for using stochastic values as parameters to adaptable performance prediction models. They demonstrate their usefulness for a distributed SOR application, showing stochastic values to be more effective than single (point) values in predicting the range of application behavior that can occur during execution in production environments.

关键词： Predictive models Stochastic processes Bandwidth Stochastic systems Computer science Application software Production systems Processor scheduling resource management Concurrent computing

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On G-networks and resource allocation in multimedia systems

On G-networks and resource allocation in multimedia systems

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international workshop on Research Issues in Data Engineering

作者： E. Gelenbe H. Shachnai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Computer Science Haifa Israel

Multimedia systems are gaining importance as novel computer and communication system architectures, which are specialized to the storage and transfer of video documents. Consider a multimedia-on-demand server which transmits video documents through a high-speed network, to geographically distributed clients. The server accumulates requests for specific documents in separate queues. The queues need to share the transmission medium in some fashion, typically in Round-Robin mode. We describe the resulting performance modeling problem, and develop an approximate representation using queuing networks. Our analytic model enables the efficient implementation of a new scheduling scheme, that we call the Local Round-Robin (LRR). We show that LRR yields significant improvement in system performance, compared to the original Round-Robin.

关键词： resource management Multimedia systems Computer networks Video on demand Analytical models Throughput Processor scheduling Asynchronous transfer mode ISDN Switches

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scheduling resources in multi-user, heterogeneous, computing environments with SmartNet

Scheduling resources in multi-user, heterogeneous, computing...

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Heterogeneous Computing workshop

作者： R.F. Freund M. Gherrity S. Ambrosius M. Campbell M. Halderman D. Hensgen E. Keith T. Kidd M. Kussow J.D. Lima F. Mirabile L. Moore B. Rust H.J. Siegel E Division NRaD NCCOSC RDTE USA Science Applications International Corporation USA Naval Postgraduate School USA University of Cincinnati USA Purdue University USA

It is increasingly common for computer users to have access to several computers on a network, and hence to be able to execute many of their tasks on any of several computers. The choice of which computers execute which tasks is commonly determined by users based on a knowledge of computer speeds for each task and the current load on each computer. A number of task scheduling systems have been developed that balance the load of the computers on the network, but such systems tend to minimize the idle time of the computers rather than minimize the idle time of the users. The paper focuses on the benefits that can be achieved when the scheduling system considers both the computer availabilities and the performance of each task on each computer. The SmartNet resource scheduling system is described and compared to two different resource allocation strategies: load balancing and user directed assignment. Results are presented where the operation of hundreds of different networks of computers running thousands of different mixes of tasks are simulated in a batch environment. These results indicate that, for the computer environments simulated, SmartNet outperforms both load balancing and user directed assignments, based on the maximum time users must wait for their tasks to finish.

关键词： Processor scheduling Computer networks resource management distributed computing Load management Computational modeling Computer simulation Application software Microcomputers Workstations

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Dynamic load balancing in geographically distributed heterogeneous Web servers

Dynamic load balancing in geographically distributed heterog...

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international Conference on distributed Computing systems

作者： M. Colajanni P.S. Yu V. Cardellini Dipartimento di Informatica Sistemi e Produzio Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata Rome Italy IBM Research Division IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA Dip. di Informatica Sistemi e Produzione Universita di Roma Tor Vergata Roma Italy

With ever increasing Web traffic, a distributed multi server Web site can provide scalability and flexibility to cope with growing client demands. Load balancing algorithms to spread the requests across multiple Web servers are crucial to achieve the scalability. Various domain name server (DNS) based schedulers have been proposed in the literature, mainly for multiple homogeneous servers. The presence of heterogeneous Web servers not only increases the complexity of the DNS scheduling problem, but also makes previously proposed algorithms for homogeneous distributed systems not directly applicable. This leads us to propose new policies, cabled adaptive TTL algorithms, that take into account both the uneven distribution of client request rates and heterogeneity of Web servers to adaptively set the time-to-live (TTL) value for each address mapping request. Extensive simulation results show that these strategies are robust and effective in balancing load among geographically distributed heterogeneous Web servers.

关键词： Load management Web server Scalability scheduling algorithm Uniform resource locators Dynamic scheduling parallel architectures World Wide Web Routing Centralized control

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Wide-area Nile: a case study of a wide-area data-parallel application

Wide-area Nile: a case study of a wide-area data-parallel ap...

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international Conference on distributed Computing systems

作者： A. Amoroso K. Marzullo A. Ricciardi Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Informazione Università di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla CA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at Austin Austin TX

The Nile system is a distributed environment for running very large, data-intensive applications across a network of commodity workstations. These applications process data from elementary particle collisions, generated by the Cornell Electron Storage Ring, and are used by physicists of the CLEO experiment. The applications have a simple data-parallel structure, and so Nile executes them using as much parallelism as is available. Nile currently runs at any single site. It is being used by alpha testers and is scheduled for beta release in March 1998. We describe how we are adapting this local-area Nile system to allow for wide-area, multiple site interactions. In particular, we consider the two problems of scaling and of fault tolerance.

关键词： Computer aided software engineering Application software Fault tolerance resource management Testing Processor scheduling Collaboration Physics Electron beams Detectors

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Dynamic resource management on distributed systems using reconfigurable applications

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IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1997年第3期41卷 303-330页

作者： Moreira, JE Naik, VK IBM Research Divion IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

Efficient management of distributed resources, under conditions of unpredictable and varying workload, requires enforcement of dynamic resource management policies. Execution of such policies requires a relatively fine-grain control over the resources allocated to jobs in the system. Although this is a difficult task using conventional jab management and program execution models, reconfigurable applications can be used to make it viable. With reconfigurable applications, it is possible to dynamically change, during the course of program execution, the number of concurrently executing tasks of an application as well as the resources allocated. Thus, reconfigurable applications can adapt to internal changes in resource requirements and to external changes affecting available resources. In this paper, we discuss dynamic management of resources on distributed systems with the help of reconfigurable applications. We first characterize reconfigurable parallel applications. We then present a new programming model for reconfigurable applications and the distributed resource management System (DRMS), an integrated environment for the design, development, execution, and resource scheduling of reconfigurable applications. Experiments were conducted to verify the functionality and performance of application reconfiguration under DRMS. A detailed breakdown of the costs in reconfiguration is presented with respect to several different applications. Our results indicate that application reconfiguration is effective under DRMS and can be beneficial in improving individual application performance as well as overall system performance. We observe a significant reduction in average job response time and an improvement in overall system utilization.

关键词： distributed computer systems

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