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Real-time scheduling using compact task graphs

Real-time scheduling using compact task graphs

引用

international Conference on distributed Computing systems

作者： R. Gupta D. Mosse R. Suchoza Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA

The generation of a real-time schedule from a task precedence graph is complex and time consuming. In order to improve the efficiency of generating schedules, we propose a scheduling algorithm based upon the compact task graph (CTG) representation. In addition to precedence constraints, a CTG explicitly expresses the potential for interleaving the execution of tasks on a single processor and overlapping the execution of task on multiple processors. The CTG is compact since it expresses the potential for overlapping and interleaving without the generation of smaller tasks. If a task cannot be scheduled to meet its deadline through interleaving and overlapping, then selected tasks are split into smaller tasks which increases the feasibility, and hence the complexity, of scheduling the task. Thus, in effect our approach increases the complexity of scheduling a usual task graph only if it is essential. Our results demonstrate that a significant reduction in the time of scheduling is achieved using CTGs and our algorithms that exploit the CTGs. We also show how CTGs can be used for distributed on-line scheduling.

关键词： Processor scheduling scheduling algorithm Interleaved codes Computer science Timing parallel processing resource management Tin Degradation Law

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Performance analysis of task migration in a portable parallel environment

Performance analysis of task migration in a portable paralle...

引用

international Conference on parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： B. Ramkumar G. Chillariga Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Iowa Iowa IA USA

The performance of a preemptive task migration algorithm implemented in a portable parallel programming environment is reported. The experiments were conducted using the ELMO system which extends languages like C with migratable parallel tasks. Preemptive task migration support has been provided for checkpointing of tasks during debugging and replay in the Intrepid environment, as well as for transparent checkpointing and recovery support for dynamic reconfiguration upon failure. However its implementation is general, and can be used transparently by the system for other purposes like load redistribution and adaptive scheduling on workstation networks. The performance of task migration on a variety of application programs on the nCUBE/2 is reported.

关键词： Performance analysis Debugging Checkpointing parallel processing Runtime Operating systems Cities and towns Adaptive scheduling Resumes resource management

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A compile time partitioning method for DOALL loops on distributed memory systems

A compile time partitioning method for DOALL loops on distri...

引用

international Conference on parallel Processing (ICPP)

作者： S. Pande Department of ECECS University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

The loop partitioning problem on modern distributed memory systems is no longer fully communication bound primarily due to a significantly lower ratio of communication/computation speeds. The useful parallelism may be exploited on these systems to an extent that the communication balances the parallelism and does not produce a very high overhead to nullify all the gains due to the parallelism. We describe a compile time partitioning and scheduling approach based on the above motivation for DOALL loops where communication without data replication is inevitable. First, the code partitioning phase analyzes the references in the body of the DOALL loop nest and determines a set of directions for reducing a larger degree of communication by trading a lesser degree of parallelism. Next, the data distribution phase uses a new larger partition owns rule to achieve computation and communication load balance. The granularity adjustment phase attempts to further eliminate communication through merging partitions to reduce the completion time. Finally, the load balancing phase attempts to reduce the number of processors without degrading the completion time and the mapping phase schedules the partitions on available processors. Relevant theory and algorithms are developed along with a performance evaluation on Cray T3D.

关键词： parallel processing Partitioning algorithms distributed computing parallel languages Merging Degradation Processor scheduling Load management Data communication Costs

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SmartNet: a scheduling framework for heterogeneous computing

SmartNet: a scheduling framework for heterogeneous computing

引用

international Symposium on parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks (ISPAN)

作者： R. Freund T. Kidd D. Hensgen L. Moore Naval Postgraduate School USA RDTE Division NCCOSC San Diego CA USA University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA

SmartNet is a scheduling framework for heterogeneous systems. Preliminary conservative simulation results for one of the optimization criteria, show a 1.21 improvement over Load Balancing and a 25.9 improvement over Limited Best Assignment, the two policies that evolved from homogeneous environments. SmartNet achieves these improvements through the implementation of several innovations. It recognizes and capitalizes on the inherent heterogeneity of computers in today's distributed environments; it recognizes and accounts for the underlying non-determinism of the distributed environment; it implements an original partitioning approach, making runtime prediction more accurate and useful; it effectively schedules based on all shared resource usage, including network characteristics; and it uses statistical and filtering techniques, making a greater amount of prediction information available to the scheduling engine. In this paper, the issues associated with automatically managing a heterogeneous environment are reviewed, SmartNet's architecture and implementation are described, and performance data is summarized.

关键词： Processor scheduling Character recognition Computational modeling Load management Technological innovation Computer networks distributed computing Runtime environment Information filtering Information filters

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Tuning the performance of fast resource management for bursty traffic in ATM-based networks

Tuning the performance of fast resource management for burst...

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international Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication systems (MASCOTS)

作者： H. Augsten M. Mateescu A. Wolisz Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany GMD-FOKUS-Research Centre for Open Communication Systems Berlin Germany

The paper focuses on fast reservation mechanisms used to control network links carrying random bursty traffic in ATM-based broadband networks and proposes a method for supporting wide area connections. Rate control, enhanced through a form of transmission scheduling can provide a reasonable trade-off between delay and losses. The paper analyses the options available for bandwidth management in ATM-based networks carrying predominantly data traffic, and develops a rationale for supporting fast reservation protocols for high bandwidth links using dynamic switching based on a measure of the link latency. A novel burst quantization technique is used for burst recognition. The trade-off associated with these approaches is characterized using trace driven simulation.

关键词： resource management Telecommunication traffic Intelligent networks Communication system traffic control Traffic control Delay Bandwidth Asynchronous transfer mode distributed computing Bit rate

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/spl delta/-sets for optimized reactive adaptive playout management in distributed multimedia database systems

/spl delta/-sets for optimized reactive adaptive playout man...

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international Conference on Data Engineering

作者： H. Thimm W. Klas Integrated Publication and Information Systems Institute (IPSI) GMD Darmstadt Germany

A novel database system service called a playout management service, which performs multimedia presentations was proposed by the authors recently [1st Int. workshop on Multimedia Database Mgmt. systems, pp. 38-47, 1995]. In distributed multimedia database systems without end-to-end guarantees, such a playout management service faces the potential problem that system performance can become insufficient when realizing a stored presentation. This problem can be overcome by making the playout management service reactive, such that it balances the amount of data to be fetched from a remote multimedia database with the system performance that is available. For the users, this means that a running presentation is adapted by the playout management service. In this paper, we propose the concept of a /spl delta/-set to adapt the execution of arbitrary multimedia presentations in an optimized way. We present a heuristic scheme to identify the most adequate /spl delta/-set with respect to (1) the actual system state, (2) the user preferences, and (3) the specific properties of multimedia presentations.

关键词： Multimedia databases Multimedia systems System performance Streaming media scheduling management information systems Electronic mail Database systems Timing resource management

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The core Legion object model 96

The core Legion object model

引用

international Symposium on High Performance distributed Computing

作者： M. Lewis A. Grimshaw Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA University of Virginia Charlottesville VA US Dept. of Comput. Sci. Virginia Univ. Charlottesville VA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780818675829

The Legion project at the University of Virginia is an architecture for designing and building system services that provide the illusion of a single virtual machine to users, a virtual machine that provides secure shared object and shared name spaces, application adjustable fault tolerance, improved response time, and greater throughput. Legion targets wide area assemblies of workstations, supercomputers, and parallel supercomputers. Legion tackles problems not solved by existing workstation based parallel processing tools; the system will enable fault tolerance, wide area parallel processing, interoperability, heterogeneity, a single global name space, protection, security, efficient scheduling, and comprehensive resource management. The paper describes the core Legion object model, which specifies the composition and functionality of Legion's core objects-those objects that cooperate to create, locate, manage, and remove objects in the Legion system. The object model facilitates a flexible extensible implementation, provides a single global name space, grants site autonomy to participating organizations, and scales to millions of sites and trillions of objects.

关键词： Virtual machining Fault tolerant systems Workstations Supercomputers parallel processing Buildings Delay Throughput Assembly Protection

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Job management requirements for NAS parallel systems and clusters

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workshop on Job scheduling Strategies for parallel Processing held as a prelude to the IPPS 1995 Conference

作者： Saphir, William Tanner, Leigh Ann Traversat, Bernard Computer Sciences Corporation NASA Contract NAS 2-12961 Moffett FieldCA94035-1000 United States NAS Scientific Computing Branch NASA Ames Research Center Mail Stop 258-6 Moffett FieldCA94035-1000 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540601538

A job management system is a critical component of a production supercomputing environment, permitting oversubscribed resources to be shared fairly and efficiently. Job management systems that were originally designed for traditional vector supercomputers are not appropriate for the distributed-memory parallel supercomputers that are becoming increasingly important in the high performance computing industry. Newer job management systems offer new functionality but do not solve fundamental problems. We address some of the main issues in resource allocation and job scheduling we have encountered on two parallel computers - a 160-node IBM SP2 and a cluster of 20 high performance workstations located at the Numerical Aerodynamic Simulation facility. We describe the requirements for resource allocation and job management that are necessary to provide a production supercomputing environment on these machines, prioritizing according to difficulty and importance, and advocating a return to fundamental issues. © 1995, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： resource allocation

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Intelligent fuzzy control to augment scheduling capabilities of network queuing systems

引用

workshop on Job scheduling Strategies for parallel Processing held as a prelude to the IPPS 1995 Conference

作者： Kipersztok, Oscar Patterson, James C. Research and Technology Boeing Computer Services United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540601538

Modern cost-effective computing in industry is heavily dependent on the ability of engineering management to replace older (more expensive) mainframes with the use of idle (less expensive) resources that are a part of the engineers normal work environment. With this shift in paradigm comes a need to duplicate many of the job management facilities that are normally associated with central mainframes. One example of this comes in the form of job scheduling. In particular, if engineers are to rely on clusters of workstations as a replacement to a mainframe for most of their routine work, then reliable job scheduling that ensures fault tolerance, interoperability of systems software, and load balancing is a necessary requirement. At present, most job scheduling software, that is available for the cluster environment, does not have the ability to schedule a job on a cluster based on network load. This work is an attempt at addressing some of the fundamental issues regarding network load balancing so that deployment requirements for network job scheduling of parallel and distributed computing applications can better be understood. In this paper, a control system (via Fuzzy Logic) is described that prioritizes the allocation of parallel jobs to, and their suspension from, a cluster of networked workstations. The algorithm presented here augments the scheduling capabilities of existing network queuing systems by including, in addition to the available number of machines, network load as a cluster resource and an application's communication requirements as a resource specification in the ranking decisions. It will be demonstrated that the resulting fuzzy controller of this paper can be used as an easily extensible, inexpensive, modular interface to network queuing systems for the scheduling of parallel and sequential jobs. © 1995, Springer Verlag. All rights reserved.

关键词： scheduling

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5th international workshop, workshop on Network and Operating Support for Digital Audio and Video, NOSSDAV, 1995

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5th international workshop on Network and Operating systems Support for Digital Audio and Video, NOSSDAV 1995

ISBN: (纸本)3540606475

The proceedings contain 40 papers. The special focus in this conference is on Advance Reservation systems;Operating systems Support;resource management and Quality of *** topics include: Advance Reservations for Predicted Service;distributed Advance Reservation of Real-Time Connections;Issues of Reserving resources in Advance;A Computational and Engineering View on Open distributed Real-Time Multimedia Exchange;Support for User-Cenlric Modular Real-Time resource management in the Rialto Operating System;A Rate-Based Execution Abstraction for Multimedia Computing;VuSystem Performance Measurements;Design of Universal Continuous Media I/O;A New OS Architecture for High Performance Communication over ATM Networks-Zero-Copy Architecture;Meeting Arbitrary QoS Constraints Using Dynamic Rate Shaping of Coded Digital Video;Dynamic QoS management for Scalable Video Flows;Dynamic Service Aggregation for Efficient Use of resources in Interactive Video Delivery;Evaluation of QoS-Control Servers on Real-Time Mach;System-Level resource management for Network-Based. Multimedia Applications;An End to End Software Only Scalable Video Delivery System;A distributed Real-Time MPEG Audio Player;Analysis of Audio Packet Loss in the Iniernet;Digital Audio and Video in Industrial systems;Workstation Video Playback Performance with Competitive Process Load;When Can We Unplug the Radio and Telephone?;An Adaptive Stream Synchronization Protocol;A Method and Apparatus for Measuring Media Synchronization;Integrated Processor scheduling for Multimedia;scheduling and Admission Testing for Jitter Constrained Periodic Threads and A CPU scheduling Algorithm for Continuous Media Applications.

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