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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Nayak, Nandita M. Song, Bi Roy-Chowdhury, Amit K.

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

Natural videos consist of multiple objects interacting with each other in complex ways. Analysis of such videos is a very challenging problem. The underlying patterns of motion contain valuable information about the activities and hence, it is necessary to devise efficient mechanisms for extraction and analysis of these patterns. Tracking is often infeasible in these scenarios. Recently, flow-based modeling methods based on the concept of streaklines in fluid mechanics have been proposed to deal with videos of crowds. In this paper, we show how the streaklines representation can be combined with dynamical systems modeling approaches in order to analyze the motion patterns in a wide range of natural videos. This combination provides a powerful tool to identify similar segments in a video that exhibit similar motion patterns. We show results on challenging datasets by demonstrating unsupervised clustering of similar motion patterns (which often represent similar activity patterns) and detection of changes in the video. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Fluid mechanics

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Textured 3D face recognition using biological vision-based facial representation and optimized weighted sum fusion

Textured 3D face recognition using biological vision-based f...

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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Huang, Di Ben Soltana, Wael Ardabilian, Mohsen Wang, Yunhong Chen, Liming Université de Lyon CNRS LIRIS UMR 5205 69134 Ecully France School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University 100191 Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

This paper proposes a novel biological vision-based facial description, namely Perceived Facial Images (PFIs), aiming to highlight intra-class and inter-class variations of both facial range and texture images for textured 3D face recognition. These generated PFIs simulate the response of complex neurons to gradient information within a certain neighborhood and possess the properties of being highly distinctive and robust to affine illumination and geometric transformation. Based on such an intermediate facial representation, SIFT-based matching is further carried out to calculate similarity scores between a given probe face and the gallery ones. Because the facial description generates a PFI for each quantized gradient orientation of range and texture faces, we then propose a score level fusion strategy which optimizes the weights using a genetic algorithm in a learning step. Evaluated on the entire FRGC v2.0 database, the rank-one recognition rate using only 3D or 2D modality is 95.5% and 95.9%, respectively;while fusing both modalities, i.e. range and texture-based PFIs, the final accuracy is 98.0%, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed biological vision-based facial description and the optimized weighted sum fusion. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Face recognition

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Robust airlight estimation for haze removal from a single image

Robust airlight estimation for haze removal from a single im...

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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Pedone, Matteo Heikkila, Janne Machine Vision Group University of Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

Present methods for haze removal from a single image require the estimation of two physical quantities which, according to the commonly used atmospheric scattering model, are transmission and airlight. The visual quality of images de-hazed with such methods is highly dependent on the accuracy of estimation of the aforementioned quantities. In this paper we propose a new method for reliable airlight color estimation that could be used in digital cameras to automatically de-haze images by removing unrealistic color artifacts. The main idea of our method is based on novel statistics gathered from natural images regarding frequently occurring airlight colors. The statistics are used to introduce a minimization cost functional which has a closed form solution, and is easy to compute. We compare our approach with current methods present in literature, and show its superior robustness with both images with artificially added haze, and real hazy photos. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Color

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Event-driven stereo vision for fall detection

Event-driven stereo vision for fall detection

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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Belbachir, Ahmed Nabil Schraml, Stephan Nowakowska, Aneta New Sensor Technologies Safety and Security Department AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Donau-City Strasse 1/5 A-1220 Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

This paper presents a system concept for efficient fall detection in real-time for elderly security in ambient assisted living applications. Event-driven sensors are biologically-inspired and autonomously reacting to scene dynamics and generating events upon relative light intensity change. Their wide dynamic range and high temporal resolution properties enable efficient activity monitoring in natural environment. Using a stereo pair of event-driven sensor chip, it is possible to represent the scene dynamics in a 3D volume at high temporal resolution. Therefore, the person's activity in a home environment can be efficiently recorded, with a low data volume and high temporal resolution that allows efficient incident detection, like person's falls. In this paper, a dataset with scenarios including 68 person's falls has been analyzed for real-time detection with event-driven stereo vision systems and the results are promising. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Fall detection

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Harmful Algal Bloom recognition Based on Microscopic Images

Harmful Algal Bloom Recognition Based on Microscopic Images

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IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, computers and Signal Processing (PACRIM)

作者： Zheng, Haiyong Ji, Guangrong Zheng, Bing Zhang, Hao Gulliver, T. Aaron Ocean Univ China Dept Elect Engn Qingdao 266100 Peoples R China Univ Victoria Dept Elect & Comp Engn Victoria BC V8W 3P6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702518

Using a microscope to recognize a Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) requires specialized knowledge and is time-consuming. This method is, however, widely employed by HAB taxonomists. To provide a better solution, a HAB recognition system has been developed which is based on image analysis. This paper presents the architecture of this system, as well as sone performance results. The key component is the libiplhab library based on computer vision libraries (such as OpenCV and LIBSVM), which contain image processing and pattern recognition algorithms suitable for HAB microscope images.

关键词： Feature extraction Graphical user interfaces HAB taxonomists Image recognition LIBSVM Libraries Microscopy OpenCV pattern recognition computer vision computer vision libraries harmful algal bloom recognition image analysis image processing image recognition libiplhab library microscopic images pattern recognition time-consuming

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computer vision methods for visual MIMO optical system

Computer vision methods for visual MIMO optical system

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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Yuan, Wenjia Dana, Kristin Varga, Michael Ashok, Ashwin Gruteser, Marco Mandayam, Narayan Rutgers State University New Jersey United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

Cameras have become commonplace in phones, laptops, music-players and handheld games. Similarly, light emitting displays are prevalent in the form of electronic billboards, televisions, computer monitors, and hand-held devices. The prevalence of cameras and displays in our society creates a novel opportunity to build camera-based optical wireless communication systems based on a concept called visual MIMO. We extend the common term MIMO from the field of communications (multiple-input multiple-output) that is typically used to describe multiple antenna, multiple transmitter radio frequency communications channel. In the visual MIMO communications paradigm, the transmitters are light-emitting devices such as electronic displays and cameras are the receivers. In this paper we discuss and address several challenges in creating a visual MIMO channel. These challenges include: (1) electronic display detection, (2) embedding the transmission signal in the display video, and (3) system characterization for electronic display appearance. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Practical computer vision: Example techniques and challenges

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IBM JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2011年第5期55卷 3:1-3:12页

作者： Pankanti, S. Brown, L. Connell, J. Datta, A. Fan, Q. Feris, R. S. Haas, N. Li, Y. Ratha, N. Trinh, H. IBM Corp Div Res Thomas J Watson Res Ctr Yorktown Hts NY 10598 USA

Humans, as well as many living organisms, are gifted with the power of "seeing" and "understanding" the environment around them using their eyes. The ease with which humans process and understand the visual world is very deceiving and often prompts us to underestimate the effort and methods needed to build practical, effective, and inexpensive computer vision systems. In essence, humans have a 500-million-year head start due to evolution;it is extremely difficult at this point to build a computer vision system that has the abilities of a three-year-old child. However, by confining ourselves to particular domains, we can often find shortcuts to solve particular problems. This paper illustrates a number of such solutions in various areas developed by our group at IBM. These include object finding for video surveillance, person identification via biometrics, inspection of manufactured items along railways, and scene understanding for driver assistance, as well as object recognition and motion interpretation for retail stores. We discuss the real-world constraints for each system and describe how we overcame the irksome variability inherent in each task. By further analyzing such successful systems and comparing them to each other, we can come to understand the common underlying problems and thus start to extend our initially limited areas of competence into a more general-purpose vision toolkit. This paper concludes with a set of challenging unresolved problems that if solved could spur great progress in practical computer vision.

关键词： computer vision ARTIFICIAL intelligence IMAGE processing ELECTRONIC security systems pattern recognition systems TECHNOLOGICAL innovations

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2011 IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2011

作者： Torabi, Atousa Bilodeau, Guillaume-Alexandre LITIV Lab. Department of Computer Engineering and Software Engineering École Polytechnique de Montréal Station Centre-ville Montréal QC H3C 3A7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781457705298

The robustness of Mutual Information (MI), the most used multimodal dense stereo correspondence measure, is restricted by the size of the matching windows. However, obtaining the appropriately sized MI windows for matching thermal-visible pair of images of multiple people with various poses, clothes, distances to cameras, and different levels of occlusions is quite challenging. In this paper, we propose local self-similarity (LSS) as a multimodal dense stereo correspondence measure. We integrated LSS as a similarity metric with a disparity voting registration method to demonstrate the suitability of LSS for a visible-thermal stereo registration method. We have analyzed comparatively LSS and MI as multimodal correspondence measures and discussed LSS advantages compared to MI. We have also tested our LSS-based registration method in several indoor videos of multiple people and shown that our registration method outperforms the most recent MI-based registration method in the state-of-the-art. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： pattern recognition

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Current trend in natural disaster warning systems based on computer vision techniques

Current trend in natural disaster warning systems based on c...

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1st Asian Conference on pattern recognition (ACPR)

作者： Ko, ByoungChul Kwak, JoonYoung Hong, June Hyeok Nam, JaeYeal Keimyung Univ Dept Comp Engn Taegu 704701 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781457701214

In this paper, a review of vision-based natural disaster warning methods is presented. Because natural disaster warning is receiving a lot of attention in recent research, a comprehensive review of various disaster-warning techniques developed in recent years is needed. This paper surveys recent studies on warning systems four different types of natural disaster, i.e., wildfire smoke and flame detection, water level detection for flood prevention, and coastal zone monitoring, using computer vision and pattern-recognition techniques. Finally, we conclude with some thoughts about future research directions.

关键词： natural disaster wildfire smoke wildfire flame water level coastal zone

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Performance of active appearance model-based pose-robust face recognition

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IET computer vision 2011年第6期5卷 348-357页

作者： Teijeiro-Mosquera, L. Alba-Castro, J. L. Univ Vigo Dept Signal Theory & Commun Vigo 36310 Spain

In this study, the authors study the performance of a novel active appearance model (AAM)-based fully automatic system for pose robust face recognition that allows faster fitting to a no frontal view and generation of virtual views. The system follows a multiresolution scheme, where the first level is used to initialise a generic AAM, pose angle is automatically estimated using eigenvector analysis, and then a pose-dependent AAM model is selected. Next level refines AAM model fitting and registration. Finally, a virtual frontal view is created before face matching. recognition results over CMU PIE database show similar values compared with the performance achieved with manually landmarked faces. Compared with a classical view-based approach, this multiresolution scheme performs similarly but is sensibly faster.

关键词： PERFORMANCE evaluation ROBUST control pattern recognition systems EIGENVECTORS FACE perception IMAGE registration

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