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4th International Multi-Conference on Engineering and Technological Innovation

作者： Romanowska-Pawliczek, Anna Glowacki, Miroslaw Pawliczek, Piotr Soltys, Zbigniew AGH Univ Sci & Technol Fac Met Engn & Ind Comp Sci Dept Appl Comp Sci & Modelling Krakow Poland AGH Univ Sci & Technol Fac Elect Engn Automat IT & Elect Dept Comp Sci Krakow Poland Jagiellonian Univ Inst Zool Dept Neuroanat Krakow Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781936338375

In this paper we present a method to solve a problem of brightness changes within a stack of images obtained by confocal microscope. A result of specimen scanning is a series of 2D images. Consecutive images show deeper sections of stained tissue. Within a stack of images a light attenuation increases with the depth of imaged focal planes. This well known physical phenomenon is a major obstacle that stands in the way of any CLSM image based analysis. Because light attenuation can be compensated by histogram modeling techniques, a straightforward solution is reached by histogram equalization of all images in a stack. The aim is to remodel shapes of histograms in such a way that the intensity histograms of the resulting images become uniform within all possible brightness values. Numerous histogram equalization methods have been developed in the last decade. In this paper we propose a novel 3D histogram equalization algorithm. It is tuned to balance contrast and brightness of images within one stack. In this approach we assume a linear correlation of brightness among adjacent stack slices. Unlike other known algorithms our approach concentrate more on preservation of information than improvement of visual aspects. The presented algorithm was tested on real data as a module embedded in the system for automatic 3D reconstruction of brain glial cells. Because this novel method is a powerful and effective tool for contrast enhancement and achieving evenly balanced luminescence of confocal stack images it substantially contributes to the quality of fully dimensional cell reconstruction.

关键词： computer vision pattern recognition image processing 3D reconstruction confocal microscopy

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RIDED-2D: A RULE-BASED INSTANTANEOUS DENOISING AND EDGE DETECTION METHOD FOR 2D RANGE SCAN LINE

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF pattern recognition AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2011年第6期25卷 807-833页

作者： Wang, Jian Yao, Zhen-Qiang An, Quan-Zhang Zhu, Yao-Jie Zhang, Xue-Ping Gu, Wei-Bin Liang, Xin-Guang Mei, Lin Wu, Jin Shen, Dong-Qing Xin, Yun-Chang Lu, Fang-Fang Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mech Syst & Vibrat Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Minist Publ Secur Res Inst 3 Cyber Phys Syst R&D Ctr Shanghai 201204 Peoples R China Changzhou EGing Photovolta Technol Co Ltd Jintan 213213 Jiangsu Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Key Lab Mat Laser Proc & Modificat Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Shanghai Yanfeng Visteon Automot Trim Syst Co Ltd Shanghai 200233 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Chongqing 400030 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Inst Image Proc & Pattern Recognit Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

Edge detection is often regarded as a basic step in range image processing by virtue of its crucial effect. The majority of existing edge detection methods cannot satisfy the requirement of efficiency in many industrial applications due to huge computational costs. In this paper, a novel instantaneous method, named RIDED-2D is proposed for denoising and edge detection for 2D scan line in range images. In the method, silhouettes of 2D scan line are classified into eight types by de fining a few new coefficients. Several discriminant criteria on large noise filtering and edge detection are stipulated based on qualitative feature analysis on each type. Selecting some feature point candidates, a practical parameter learning method is provided to determine the threshold set, along with the implementation of an integrated algorithm by merging calculation steps. Because all the coefficients are established based on distances among the points or their ratio, RIDED-2D is inherently invariant to translation and rotation transformations. Furthermore, a forbidden region approach is proposed to eliminate interference of the mixed pixels. Key performances of RIDED-2D are evaluated in detail by including computational complexity, time expenditure, accuracy and stability. The results indicate that RIDED-2D can detect edge points accurately from several real range images, in which large noises and systematic noises are involved, and the total processing time is less than 0.1 millisecond on an ordinary PC platform using the integrated algorithm. Comparing with other state-of-the-art edge detection methods qualitatively, RIDED-2D exhibits a prominent advantage on computational efficiency. Thus, the proposed method qualifies for real-time processing in stringent industrial applications. Besides, another contribution of this paper is to introduce CPU clock counting technique to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, and suggest a convenient and objective way to estimate the

关键词： Instantaneous edge detection real-time image processing laser range finder large noise filtering 3D range image understanding computer vision RIDED

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Microscopic shape from focus with optimal illumination

Microscopic shape from focus with optimal illumination

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Martin Lenz Matthias Rüther Horst Bischof Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Graz Austria

We present a novel method for compensating illumination artifacts in shape from focus reconstruction that does not require additional measurement time. Frequently applied in optical microscopy, shape from focus requires rich surface texture over the whole scene. This prerequisite is violated in saturated image regions. To overcome this limitation, we automatically compensate for the scene reflectance by means of a projector-camera system on a per-image basis. We iteratively adapt illumination in the first image and consecutively track the compensation pattern through the image stack to reduce measurement time. Despite the low measurement time, our experiments show that our method outperforms the standard shape from focus approach and is also superior to competing methods like high dynamic range imaging in terms of measurement time and accuracy.

关键词： Cameras Lighting Microscopy Time measurement Shape Optical microscopy Image reconstruction

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Joint boosting of histogram like features for the generic recognition of object classes and subclasses

Joint boosting of histogram like features for the generic re...

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International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom)

作者： Dömötör Molnár Zoltán Szlávik Computer and Automation Research Institute Budapest Hungary

A very important aspect of visual human computer interaction is the robust and effective recognition and localization of multiple object classes in the visual input data. This paper addresses the problem of generic object class and sub-class classification. Vector valued histogram-based image features are used in a joint boosting classifier to provide an efficient multi-class object detector. A novel weak learner based on Multiple Discriminant Analysis is introduced for vector valued histogram features which allows to combine them in a multi-class boosting based classifier. Successful experimental results on a publicly available dataset proves the feasibility of the proposed approach.

关键词： Histograms Boosting computer vision pattern recognition Joints Object detection Feature extraction

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Embedded neuromorphic vision for humanoid robots

Embedded neuromorphic vision for humanoid robots

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Chiara Bartolozzi Francesco Rea Charles Clercq Daniel B. Fasnacht Giacomo Indiveri Michael Hofstätter Giorgio Metta Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy University of Zurich ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Wien Austria Università degli Studi di Genova Genoa Italy

We are developing an embedded vision system for the humanoid robot iCub, inspired by the biology of the mammalian visual system, including concepts such as stimulus-driven, asynchronous signal sensing and processing. It comprises stimulus-driven sensors, a dedicated embedded processor and an event-based software infrastructure for processing visual stimuli. These components are integrated with the existing standard machine vision modules currently implemented on the robot, in a configuration that exploits the best features of both: the high resolution, color, frame-based vision and the neuromorphic low redundancy, wide dynamic range and high temporal resolution event-based sensors. This approach seeks to combine various styles of vision hardware with sensorimotor systems to complement and extend the current state-of-the art.

关键词： Visualization Field programmable gate arrays Robot sensing systems Voltage control Feature extraction

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Graph Based pattern Matching

Graph Based Pattern Matching

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2011 Eighth International Conference on Fuzzy System and Knowledge Discovery(第八届模糊系统与知识发现国际会议 FSKD 2011)

作者： Vaishali S. Pawar Mukesh A. Zaveri Information Technology Department MVP S's KBT College of Engineering Nashik India Computer Engineering Department S. V. National Institute of Technology Surat India

The Graphs are very powerful and widely used tool for data representation in various fields of science and engineering. Due to their versatile representational power graphs are widely used for dealing with structural information in different domains such as pattern recognition, computer vision, networks, biochemical applications, psycho-sociology, image interpretation, and many others. In many applications, it is necessary to find the similarity between objects. When graphs are used for representation of structured objects, then the problem of measuring object similarity converts into the problem of determining the similarity of graphs, which is also known as graph matching. In order to achieve a good degree of graph matching the most usual way is to search for a graph isomorphism. A lot of work has been done in the area of graph isomorphism between two graphs or sub-graphs. Depending on the nature of the application, the problem turns to either exact or inexact graph isomorphism. In this study work, we are going to discuss the important theoretical foundations of graph matching along with the error-correcting graph matching approach.

关键词： graphs pattern recognition computer vision graph matching error correcting graph matching

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The Photoface database

The Photoface database

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Stefanos Zafeiriou Mark Hansen Gary Atkinson Vasileios Argyriou Maria Petrou Melvyn Smith Lyndon Smith Department of Computing Imperial College London London UK Machine Vision Lab Faculty of Environment and Technology University of the West of England Bristol UK Machine Vision Laboratory Faculty of Environment and Technology University of West of England Bristol UK Faculty of Computing Information Systems and Mathematics Kingston University London Surrey UK Informatics and Telematics Institute Centre of Research & Technology - Hellas Thermi Thessaloniki Greece Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London Exhibition Road South Kensington Campus London UK

In this paper we present a new database suitable for both 2D and 3D face recognition based on photometric stereo, the so-called Photoface database. The Photoface database was collected using a custom-made four-source photometric stereo device that could be easily deployed in commercial settings. Unlike other publicly available databases the level of cooperation between subjects and the capture mechanism was minimal. The proposed device may also be used, to capture 3D expressive faces. Apart from the description of the device and the Photoface database, we present experiments from baseline face recognition and verification algorithms using albedo, normals and the recovered depth maps. Finally, we have conducted experiments in order to demonstrate how different methods in the pipeline of photometric stereo (i.e. normal field computation and depth map reconstruction methods) affect recognition/verification performance.

关键词： Databases Face recognition Face Three dimensional displays Light sources Cameras Image reconstruction

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NeuFlow: A runtime reconfigurable dataflow processor for vision

NeuFlow: A runtime reconfigurable dataflow processor for vis...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Clément Farabet Berin Martini Benoit Corda Polina Akselrod Eugenio Culurciello Yann LeCun Electrical Engineering Department Yale University New Heaven CT USA Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University New York NY USA

In this paper we present a scalable dataflow hardware architecture optimized for the computation of general-purpose vision algorithms - neuFlow - and a dataflow compiler - luaFlow - that transforms high-level flow-graph representations of these algorithms into machine code for neuFlow. This system was designed with the goal of providing real-time detection, categorization and localization of objects in complex scenes, while consuming 10 Watts when implemented on a Xilinx Virtex 6 FPGA platform, or about ten times less than a laptop computer, and producing speedups of up to 100 times in real-world applications. We present an application of the system on street scene analysis, segmenting 20 categories on 500 × 375 frames at 12 frames per second on our custom hardware neuFlow.

关键词： Tiles computer architecture Runtime Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Convolvers Feature extraction

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Resolving occlusion in multiframe reconstruction of deformable surfaces

Resolving occlusion in multiframe reconstruction of deformab...

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer vision and pattern recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Appu Shaji Aydin Varol Pascal Fua Yashoteja Ankush Jain Sharat Chandran Computer Vision Laboratory EPF Lausanne Switzerland Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Indian Institute of Technology Bombay India

Occlusion is troublesome for almost all computer vision algorithms. To a certain extent, the difficulty is alleviated when multiple frames are given. On the other hand, when we consider the recovery of shapes of moving deformable objects, observed using a monocular camera, the problem appears difficult again. In this paper, we show a method that outperforms previous approaches to reconstruction when feature data is unavailable, perhaps due to occlusion. Our key intuition is that portions of the surface that are visible in some frame can be reliably reconstructed in that frame; further, the reliable portions can be stitched together to find even missing portions, much the way a human eye would hallucinate. Our techniques are based on optimization in Riemannian shape spaces, and is demonstrated on isometric surfaces without involving any kind of machine learning methods.

关键词： Shape Three dimensional displays Mathematical model Optimization Surface reconstruction Image reconstruction Deformable models

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Analysis of eye gaze pattern of infants at risk of autism spectrum disorder using Markov models

Analysis of eye gaze pattern of infants at risk of autism sp...

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IEEE Workshop on Applications of computer vision (WACV)

作者： David Alie Mohammad H. Mahoor Whitney I. Mattson Daniel R. Anderson Daniel S. Messinger Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver Denver CO USA Department of Psychology University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA

This paper presents the possibility of using pattern recognition algorithms of infant gaze patterns at six months of age among children at high risk for an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASDs, which must be diagnosed by 3 years of age, are characterized by communication and interaction impairments which frequently involve disturbances of visual attention and gaze patterning. We used video cameras to record the face-to-face interactions of 32 infant subjects with their parents. The video was manually coded to determine the eye gaze pattern of infants by marking where the infant was looking in each frame (either at their parent's face or away from their parent's face). In order to identify infants ASD diagnosis at three years, we analyzed infant eye gaze patterns at six months. Variable-order Markov Models (VMM) were used to create models for typically developing comparison children as well as children with an ASD. The models correctly classified infants who did and did not develop an ASD diagnosis with an accuracy rate of 93.75 percent. Employing an assessment tool at a very young age offers the hope of early intervention, potentially mitigating the effects of the disorder throughout the rest of the child's life.

关键词： Variable speed drives Hidden Markov models Markov processes Context Data models Training Autism

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