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IEEE International Conference on multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： H.H. Yu Panasonic Information and Networking Technologies Laboratories

Traditional cryptography systems treat every portion of a message (a video, an image, or an audio) equally and encrypt the entire message as a whole. As a result, those security systems often have only two states: access authorization and access denial. To facilitate multi-level access control with interoperability, scalable security mechanism is needed. Further, the availability of varying network bandwidth and diverse receiver device capabilities demand scalable and flexible approaches that are capable of adapting to changing network conditions as well as device capabilities. In this paper, we describe a multimedia encryption scheme that supports scalability. One desirable feature of the proposed scheme is its simplicity and flexibility in supporting scalable content access control.

关键词： Cryptography access control Signal processing algorithms Bit rate Channel capacity Authorization Scalability Protection Decoding Power system security

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Efficient frequency domain selective scrambling of digital video

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON multimedia 2003年第1期5卷 118-129页

作者： Zeng, WJ Lei, SM Amer Inc Sharp Labs Camas WA 98607 USA

multimedia data security is very important for multimedia commerce on the Internet such as video-on-demand and real-time video multicast. Traditional cryptographic algorithms/systems for data security are often not fast enough to process the vast amount of data generated by the multimedia applications to meet the real-time constraints. This paper presents a joint encryption and compression framework in which video data are scrambled efficiently in the frequency domain by employing selective bit scrambling, block shuffling and block rotation of the transform coefficients and motion vectors. The new approach is very simple to implement, yet provides considerable levels of security and different levels of transparency, and has very limited adverse impact on the compression efficiency and no adverse impact on error resiliency. Furthermore, it allows transcodability/scalability, and some other content processing functionalities without having to access the cryptographic key and to perform decryption and re-encryption.

关键词： contents access control joint encryption and compression multimedia encryption multimedia security selective encryption video scrambling

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Toward flexible user interaction in content-based multimedia data retrieval

Toward flexible user interaction in content-based multimedia...

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作者： Nakazato, Munehiro University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

学位级别：Ph.D.

This thesis discusses various aspects of digital image retrieval and management. First, we discuss user interface and visualization for digital image management. Two innovative systems are proposed. 3D MARS is immersive 3D display for image visualization and search systems. The user browses and searches images in 3D virtual reality environment. ImageGrouper is another graphical user interface for digital image search and organization. New concept, Object-Oriented User Interaction is introduced. The system improves image retrieval and eases text annotation and organization of digital images. Unlike the traditional user interfaces for image retrieval, ImageGrouper allows the user to group query example images. To take advantage of this feature, a new algorithm for relevance feedback is proposed. Next, this thesis discusses data structures and algorithms for high-dimensional data access. This is an essential component of multimedia data retrieval. The results of preliminary experiments are presented.

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Layered semantic architecture of multimedia data

Layered semantic architecture of multimedia data

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Proceedings of the Seventh IASTED International Conference on Internet and multimedia systems and Applications

作者： Gong, Zhiguo Zhang, Jia Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau P.O. Box 3001 Macao China infiNET Solutions 1425 E. Busch Parkway Buffalo Grove IL 60089 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0889863806

multimedia data, which are direct reflections of the real world, have unlimited semantic interpretations within different application domains. In order to reuse information resources, in this paper, we provide a layered architecture of multimedia schema - raw multimedia layer, domain knowledge layer, and user profile layer. Raw multimedia layer provides non-semantic management of data, including storage allocations, buffer algorithms and strategies, and multimedia preprocessing facilities. Domain knowledge layer provides semantic-oriented management and access of multimedia data. Different domains can utilize different knowledge bases to support semantic interpretations. We use Frame and Semantic Network as the representation models for domain knowledge. content-based retrievals can be performed on different levels of visual object constructions or concept abstractions. Furthermore, since different individual users may have different interpretations for fuzzy specifications in their queries, user profiles are created and used to support fuzzy retrievals of multimedia data.

关键词： multimedia systems

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HIT-DML: A novel Digital Music Library

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6th International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries

作者： Wang, CK Li, JZ Shi, SF Harbin Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Harbin Heilongjiang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)3540206086

The design and implementation of Harbin Institute of Technology-Digital Music Library (HIT-DML) is presented in this paper. HIT-DML adopts a novel framework which is inherently based on database systems. In this framework, musical data is structurally stored in the database, some algorithms of musical computation are implemented as algebraic mirco-operations in the database management system, and thus database technologies and multimedia technologies are combined seamlessly. A musical feature-matching algorithm and the appropriate dynamic index are also applied in HIT-DML. HIT-DML can retrieve musical information based on content, especially against different kinds of musical instruments.

关键词： Digital Music Library content-based music information retrieval

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Supporting timeliness and accuracy in distributed real-time content-based video analysis

Supporting timeliness and accuracy in distributed real-time ...

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2003 multimedia Conference - Proceedings of the 11th ACM International Conference on multimedia, MM'03

作者： Eide, Viktor S. Wold Eliassen, Frank Granmo, Ole-Christoffer Lysne, Olav University of Oslo P.O. Box 1080 Blindern N-0314 Oslo Norway Simula Research Laboratory P.O. Box 134 N-1325 Lysaker Norway Agder University College Grooseveien 36 N-4876 Grimstad Norway

Real-time content-based access to live video data requires content analysis applications that are able to process the video data at least as fast as the video data is made available to the application and with an acceptable error rate. Statements as this express quality of service (QoS) requirements to the application. In order to provide some level of control of the QoS provided, the video content analysis application must be scalable and resource aware so that requirements of timeliness and accuracy can be met by allocating additional processing resources. In this paper we present a general architecture of video content analysis applications including a model for specifying requirements of timeliness and accuracy. The salient features of the architecture include its combination of probabilistic knowledge-based media content analysis with QoS and distributed resource management to handle QoS requirements, and its independent scalability at multiple logical levels of distribution. We also present experimental results with an algorithm for QoS-aware selection of configurations of feature extractor and classification algorithms that can be used to balance requirements of timeliness and accuracy against available processing resources. Experiments with an implementation of a real-time motion vector based object-tracking application, demonstrate the scalability of the architecture.

关键词： Real time systems

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A format-compliant configurable encryption framework for access control of video

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND systems FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2002年第6期12卷 545-557页

作者： Wen, JT Severa, M Zeng, WJ Luttrell, MH Jin, WY PacketVideo Corp San Diego CA 92121 USA PhatNoise Inc Los Angeles CA 90064 USA Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90007 USA

In this paper, we introduce new methods of performing selective encryption and spatial/frequency shuffling of compressed digital content that maintain syntax compliance after content has been secured. The tools described in this paper have been proposed to the MPEG-4 Intellectual Property Management and Protection (IPMP) standardization group and have been adopted into the MPEG-4 IPMP Final Proposed Draft Amendment (FPDAM) [9]. We will describe the application of the new methods to the protection of MPEG-4 video content in the wireless environment, and illustrate how they are used to leverage established encryption algorithms for the protection of only the information fields in the bitstream that are critical to the reconstructed video quality, while maintaining compliance to the syntax of MPEG-4 video, and thereby reduces the amount of data to be encrypted and guarantees the inheritance of many of the nice properties of the unprotected bitstreams that have been carefully studied and built, such as error resiliency and network friendliness. The encrypted content bitstream works with many existing random access, network bandwidth adaptation, and error control techniques that have been developed for standard-compliant compressed video, thus making it especially suitable for wireless multimedia applications. Standard compliance also allows subsequent signal processing techniques to be applied to the encrypted bitstream.

关键词： digital rights management encryption wireless multimedia distribution

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A key transport protocol based on secret sharing applications to information security

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2002年第4期48卷 816-824页

作者： Eskicioglu, AM Delp, EJ Purdue Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn VIdeo & Image Proc Lab W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

Digital multimedia content is delivered to homes via the Internet, satellite, terrestrial and cable networks. Scrambling is a common approach used by conditional access systems to prevent unauthorized access to audiovisual data. The descrambling keys are securely distributed to the receivers in the same transmission channel. Their protection is an important part of the key management problem. Although public-key cryptography provides a viable solution, alternative methods are sought for economy and efficiency. Message authentication is an important objective of information security in modern electronic distribution networks. This objective is met by providing the receiver of a message an assurance of the sender's identity. As physical protection such as sealed envelopes is not possible for messages expressed as binary sequences, digital tools have been developed using cryptography. A major limitation of all cryptographic methods for message authentication lies in their use of algorithms with fixed symmetric or public keys. This paper presents a key transport protocol based on secret sharing. Conditional access and message authentication are two important application areas for which the advantages of the proposed protocol are discussed. The protocol eliminates the need for a cipher, yet effectively combines the advantages of symmetric and public-key ciphers. It can be used to build a new key management scheme that allows the service providers to generate different keys for different sets of receivers, and to renew these keys in a convenient way.

关键词： cipher conditional access content protection data integrity digital signature encryption hashing key transport message authentication multimedia public-key cryptography prepositioned secret sharing

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Intelligent systems for Video Analysis and access Over the Internet

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2002年

作者： Wensheng Zhou C C Jay Kuo

ISBN: (纸本)9780130471178

From the Book: PREFACE The explosion of on-line web information has given rise to many query-based textsearch engines (such as Alta Vista) and manually constructed topic hierarchies (suchas Yahoo!). With the current growth rate of web information, especially broadbandmultimedia data, query data are growing incomprehensibly large and manual classification in topic hierarchies is creating a major bottleneck. Consequently, the hugeamount of multimedia data is imposing on people a heavy burden of manipulating, searching, interpreting, skimming, and integrating information. Thus, efficientmultimedia content analysis tools are needed to address these user's needs. This book presents a solution to problems arising from the demand for fastinformation access and for sharing in real-time multimedia transmission over theInternet. We present in this book a solution which exploits software agents thatare placed throughout the network environment. These hierarchical video analysisagents process multimedia streams in real time, and automatically decompose andunderstand the multimedia content so as to facilitate information access and sharing. multimedia content contains both the perceptual content such as color, motion,or acoustic features and the conceptual content, which is specified based on conceptsor semantics that can be expressed by text descriptions. Both types of contents areembedded simultaneously in multimedia streams, and usually are complementaryto each other. This book adaptively analyzes both kinds of video contents bycombining mixed media cues from audio, video and text. First, a high-performance module for on-line video segmentation based on scene-change detection isdescribed. The module serves as the first step of any videostream construction and analysis. To meet the high computational demand, ourproposed video scene change detection algorithms are very efficient while maintaining high accuracy and recall rates for fast on-line video analysis. Second, the percep

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An HMM-based approach to humming transcription

An HMM-based approach to humming transcription

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IEEE International Conference on multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Hsuan-Huei Shih S.S. Narayanan C.-C.J. Kuo Integrated Media Systems Center and Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Providing natural and efficient access to the fast growing multimedia information, accommodating a variety of user skills and preferences, is a critical aspect of content-based information mining. Query by humming provides a natural means for content-based retrieval from music databases. A statistical pattern recognition approach for recognizing hummed or sung melodies is reported in this paper. Being data-driven, the proposed system aims at providing a robust front-end especially for dealing with variability in user's productions. The segment of a note in the humming waveform is modeled by a hidden Markov model (HMM) while data features such as pitch measures are modeled by Gaussian mixture models (GMM). Preliminary real-time recognition experiments are carried out based on humming data obtained from eight users and an overall correct recognition rate of around 80% is demonstrated.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Humans Decoding Music information retrieval content based retrieval Pattern recognition Robustness multimedia databases Signal processing algorithms Frequency

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