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Using MPEG standards for multimedia customization

SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION 2004年第5期19卷 437-456页

作者： Magalhaes, J Pereira, F Inst Super Engn Lisboa Lisbon Portugal Univ Tecn Lisboa Inst Telecomunicacoes Inst Super Tecn Lisbon Portugal

The multimedia content delivery chain poses today many challenges. The increasing terminal diversity, network heterogeneity and the pressure to satisfy the user preferences are raising the need for content to be customized in order to provide the user the best possible experience. This paper addresses the problem of multimedia customization by (1) presenting the MPEG-7 multimedia content description standard and the MPEG-21 multimedia framework;(2) classifying multimedia customization processing algorithms;(3) discussing multimedia customization systems;and (4) presenting some customization experiments. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： universal multimedia access multimedia custornization multimedia adaptation content description usage environment description MPEG-7 MPEG-21

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Evaluation of content-based features for user-centred image retrieval in small media collections

Evaluation of content-based features for user-centred image ...

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems ii

作者： Eidenberger, Horst Zaharieva, Maia Vienna Univ Technol Interact Med Syst Grp Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

The experiments described in this paper indicate that under certain conditions content-based features are not required for efficient user-centred image retrieval in small media collections. The importance of feature selection drops dramatically if classification is used for retrieval (e.g. if Support Vector Machines are used) and only little user feedback is available. In this situation simple image, features and even random features perform equally well as sophisticated signal processing-based features (e.g. the content-based MPEG-7 image descriptors). Practically relevant applications for these findings are retrieval on mobile devices and in heterogeneous (e.g. ad hoc generated) media collections.

关键词： multimedia retrieval feature design machine learning mobile applications

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Distributed classifier chain optimization for real-time multimedia stream mining systems - art. no. 68200N

Distributed classifier chain optimization for real-time mult...

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems ii

作者： Foo, Brian van der Schaar, Mihaela Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

We consider the problem of optimally configuring classifier chains for real-time multimedia stream mining systems. Jointly maximizing the performance over several classifiers under minimal end-to-end processing delay is a difficult task due to the distributed nature of analytics (e.g. utilized models or stored data sets), where changing the filtering process at a single classifier can have an unpredictable effect on both the feature values of data arriving at classifiers further downstream, as well as the end-to-end processing delay. While the utility function can not be accurately modeled, in this paper we propose a randomized distributed algorithm that guarantees almost, sure convergence to the optimal solution. We also provide results using speech data showing that the algorithm can perform Well under highly dynamic environments.

关键词： distributed systems queuing theory multimedia stream mining multiagent systems

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A framework for utility-based multimedia adaptation

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND systems FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2007年第6期17卷 719-728页

作者： Prangl, Martin Szkaliczki, Tibor Hellwagner, Hermann Klagenfurt Univ A-9020 Klagenfurt Austria Hungarian Acad Sci Comp & Automat Res Inst H-111 Budapest Hungary

content adaptation is an important issue of multimedia frameworks in order to achieve universal multimedia access (UMA), i.e., to enable consumption of multimedia content independently of the given resource limitations, terminal capabilities, and user preferences. The digital item adaptation (DIA) standard, one of the core specifications of the MPEG-21 framework, supports content adaptation considering a wide range of networks, devices, and user preferences. Most adaptive multimedia frameworks targeting the UMA vision do not consider utility aspects in their adaptation decisions. This paper focuses on a generic semantic-based audio-visual utility model for DIA that aims to enhance the multimedia experience for the user. Our proposed model is able to take the semantics and the perceptual features of the content as well as the users' specific utility aspects into account. Based on a detailed analysis of these constraints, we will show how the model reacts on individual input data. For choosing the best adaptation decision considering resource limitations on client and server sides as well as network characteristics, we evaluate four algorithms for performing this adaptation decision taking task. We will discuss results according to some use case scenarios.

关键词： adaptation decision taking optimization problem recommender system semantic quality (SQ) universal multimedia access (UMA) universal multimedia experience (UME) utility model

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multimedia Data Privacy Against Machines

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IEEE multimedia 2020年第2期27卷 5-7页

作者： Kankanhalli, Mohan Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore

With the explosion of multimedia data, machine learning applications are proliferating. Privacy concerns have recently resurfaced, due to a few prominent incidents of user data leakage, which divulged sensitive information to other people. multimedia data platform providers-social networks, their affiliates or governments with access to users' content-use algorithms to profile users by extracting or inferring demographic information, personality traits, relationships, opinions, and beliefs. These results, in turn, feed algorithms for targeted advertising but also for personalized content recommendation to maximize user engagement. While this is ostensibly for users' benefit, they have serious privacy implications. We highlight this new problem of privacy protection against machines in contrast to the traditional problem of privacy protection against humans. We briefly touch upon our initial solution, a human-sensitivity-aware image perturbation model, which is able to modify the computational classification results of sensitive attributes while preserving the remaining attributes. We then point to many exciting open problems in this new area.

关键词： Advertising Data Processing Data Protection Learning Artificial Intelligence multimedia Computing Recommender systems Social Networking Online multimedia Data Privacy Machine Learning Applications Sensitive Information Demographic Information Personality Traits Feed algorithms Targeted Advertising Personalized content Recommendation User Engagement Serious Privacy Implications Privacy Protection Human Sensitivity Aware Image Perturbation Model Computational Classification Results Sensitive Attributes multimedia Data Platform Providers Social Networks Data Privacy Streaming Media Privacy Social Networking Online Machine Learning algorithms Machine Learning Government

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content-based image retrieval using greedy routing

Content-based image retrieval using greedy routing

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems ii

作者： Don, Anthony Hanusse, Nicolas Univ Bordeaux 1 LaBRI F-33405 Talence France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper, we propose a new concept for browsing and searching in large collections of content-based indexed images. Our approach is inspired by greedy routing algorithms used in distributed networks. We define a navigation graph, called NAVGRAPH, whose vertices represent images. The edges of the navgraph are computed according to a similarity measure between indexed images. The resulting graph can be seen as an ad-hoc network of images in which a greedy routing algorithm can be applied for retrieval purposes. A request for a target image consists of a walk in the navigation graph using a greedy,approach : starting from an arbitrary vertex/image, the neighbors of the current vertex are presented to the user, who iteratively selects the vertex which is the most similar to the target. We present the NAVGRAPH construction and prove its efficiency for greedy routing. We also propose a specific content-descriptor that we compare to the MPEG7 Color Layout Descriptor. Experimental results with test-users show the usability of this approach.

关键词： CBIR user interface greedy routing navigation graphs

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A novel approach to personal photo album representation and management

A novel approach to personal photo album representation and ...

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems ii

作者： Ardizzone, Edoardo La Caskia, Marco Vella, Filippo Univ Palermo Dipartimento Ingn Informat I-90128 Palermo Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper we present a novel approach to personal photo album management allowing the end user to efficiently access the collection without any need for tedious manual annotation or indexing of the photos. The proposed work exploits methods and technology from the field of computer vision and pattern recognition for face detection, face representation and image annotation to automatically create description of images useful for content-based searching and retrieval. In fact, even if most of the used techniques are not reliable enough to address the general problem of content-based image retrieval, we show that, in a limited domain such as the one of personal photo album, it is possible to obtain results that improve the browsing capabilities of current photo album management systems. In particular, starting from the observation that most personal photos depict a usually small number of people in a relatively small number of different context (indoor, outdoor, beach, mountain, city etc...) we propose the use of automatic techniques to index images based on who is present in the scene and on the-context where the picture was taken. Experiments on a personal photo collection of about a thousand images proved that relatively simple content-based techniques lead to surprisingly good results in term of easyness of user access to-the data.

关键词： personal photo album content-based image retrieval automatic-image annotation

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Efficient frequency domain selective scrambling of digital video

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON multimedia 2003年第1期5卷 118-129页

作者： Zeng, WJ Lei, SM Amer Inc Sharp Labs Camas WA 98607 USA

multimedia data security is very important for multimedia commerce on the Internet such as video-on-demand and real-time video multicast. Traditional cryptographic algorithms/systems for data security are often not fast enough to process the vast amount of data generated by the multimedia applications to meet the real-time constraints. This paper presents a joint encryption and compression framework in which video data are scrambled efficiently in the frequency domain by employing selective bit scrambling, block shuffling and block rotation of the transform coefficients and motion vectors. The new approach is very simple to implement, yet provides considerable levels of security and different levels of transparency, and has very limited adverse impact on the compression efficiency and no adverse impact on error resiliency. Furthermore, it allows transcodability/scalability, and some other content processing functionalities without having to access the cryptographic key and to perform decryption and re-encryption.

关键词： contents access control joint encryption and compression multimedia encryption multimedia security selective encryption video scrambling

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Towards a methodology for the design of multimedia public access interfaces

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE 1998年第3期24卷 155-166页

作者： Rowley, J Edge Hill Univ Coll Sch Management & Social Sci Ormskirk Lancs England

Interface design is particularly important in public access systems, since the quality of the interface will influence the effectiveness with which the public can gather information and conduct transactions. It is also particularly challenging. This paper examines some of the information systems methodologies that have a contribution to make in the design of interfaces for public access systems. On the basis of this examination, some of the features of methodologies that can support the design of public access systems are identified. After an initial exploration of the systems lifecycle, which identifies the key stages in any methodology, the paper proceeds to examine the nature and role of information systems methodologies. A variety of user-centred methodologies are described, including soft systems methodologies, cooperative and participative methodologies, and task-oriented approaches to design. An object-oriented methodology is introduced as a preliminary to the consideration of methodologies for multimedia graphical user interfaces. Comparisons between the stages in some of these methodologies yield an identification of key features for methodologies in the development of public access systems. Such methodologies must accommodate: (i) the creation and structuring of conceptual content and (ii) the interface with the marketplace, in addition to the technical and behavioural considerations that feature in the more established user-centred methodologies.

关键词： Methodology

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content-based unconstrained color logo and trademark retrieval with Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histograms

Content-based unconstrained color logo and trademark retriev...

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems ii

作者： Phan, Raymond Androutsos, Dimitrios Ryerson Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper, we present a logo and trademark retrieval system for unconstrained color image databases that extends the Color Edge Co-occurrence Histogram (CECH) object detection scheme. We introduce more accurate information to the, CECH, by virtue of incorporating color edge detection using vector order statistics. This produces a more accurate representation of edges in color images, in comparison to the simple color pixel difference classification of edges as seen in the CECH. Our proposed method is thus reliant on edge gradient information, and as such, we call this the Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histogram (CEGCH). We use this as the main mechanism for our unconstrained color logo and trademark retrieval scheme. Results illustrate that the proposed retrieval system retrieves logos and trademarks with good accuracy, and outperforms the CECH object detection scheme with higher precision and recall.

关键词： Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histogram (CEGCH) logo and trademark retrieval color edge detection pattern recognition object detection

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