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Conference on multimedia Storage and Archiving systems ii

作者： Gunsel, B Fu, Y Tekalp, AM Univ. of Rochester (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426628

This paper addresses the segmentation of a video sequence into shots, specification of edit effects and subsequent characterization of shots in terms of color and motion content. The proposed scheme uses DC images extracted from MPEG compressed video and performs an unsupervised clustering for the extraction of camera shots. The specification of edit effects, such as fade-in/out and dissolve is based on the analysis of distribution of mean value for the luminance components. This step is followed by the representation of visual content of temporal segments in terms of key frames selected by similarity analysis of mean color histograms. For characterization of the similar temporal segments, motion and color characteristics are classified into different categories using a set of different features derived from motion vectors of triangular meshes and mean histograms of video shots.

关键词： video databases content-based access shot detection edit effects content characterization

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Efficient video file allocation schemes for video-on-demand services

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multimedia systems 1997年第5期5卷 283-296页

作者： Wang, YW Liu, JCL Du, DHC Hsieh, JW UNIV MINNESOTA DISTRIBUTED MULTIMEDIA RES CTRMINNEAPOLISMN 55455 UNIV MINNESOTA DEPT COMP SCIMINNEAPOLISMN 55455

A video-on-demand (VOD) server needs to store hundreds of movie titles and to support thousands of concurrent accesses. This, technically and economically, imposes a great challenge on the design of the disk storage subsystem of a VOD server. Due to different demands for different movie titles, the numbers of concurrent accesses to each movie can differ a lot. We define access profile as the number of concurrent accesses to each movie title that should be supported by a VOD server. The access profile is derived based on the popularity of each movie title and thus serves as a major design goal for the disk storage subsystem. Since some popular (hot) movie titles may be concurrently accessed by hundreds of users and a current high-end magnetic disk array (disk) can only support tens of concurrent accesses, it is necessary to replicate and/or stripe the hot movie files over multiple disk arrays. The consequence of replication and striping of hot movie titles is the potential increase on the required number of disk arrays. Therefore, how to replicate, stripe, and place the movie files over a minimum number of magnetic disk arrays such that a given access profile can be supported is an important problem. In this paper, we formulate the problem of the video file allocation over disk arrays, demonstrate that it is a NP-hard problem, and present some heuristic algorithms to find the near-optimal solutions. The result of this study can be applied to the design of the storage subsystem of a VOD server to economically minimize the cost or to maximize the utilization of disk arrays.

关键词： multimedia video-on-demand concurrent access MPEG-ii RAID-3 replication striping 2D vector packing

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Automated document content characterization for a multimedia document retrieval system

Automated document content characterization for a multimedia...

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Conference on multimedia Storage and Archiving systems ii

作者： Koivusaari, M Sauvola, J Pietikainen, M Univ. of Oulu (Finland)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426628

We propose a new approach to automate document image layout extraction for an object-oriented database feature population using rapid low level feature analysis, preclassification and predictive coding. The layout information comprised of region location and classification data is transformed into 'feature object(s)'. The information is then fed into an intelligent document image retrieval system (IDIR) to be utilized in document retrieval schemes. The IDIR system consists of user interface, object-oriented database and a variety of document image analysis algorithms. In this paper the object-oriented storage model and the database system are presented in formal and functional domains. Moreover, the graphical user interface and a visual document image browser are described. The document analysis techniques used at document characterization are also presented. In this context the documents consist of text, picture and other media (possibly embedded) data. Documents are stored in the database as document, page and region objects. Our test system has been implemented and tested using a document database of 10 000 documents.

关键词： document layout analysis predictive coding document database retrieval document content characterization object-oriented database

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The MPEG-4 video standard verification model

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND systems FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 1997年第1期7卷 19-31页

作者： Sikora, T Laboratory of Chromatography DEPg.Fac.Quimica Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Circuito interior Cd Universitaria/CP 04510 Mexico D.F.Mexico

The MPEG-4 standardization phase has the mandate to develop algorithms for audio-visual coding allowing for interactivity, high compression, and/or universal accessibility and portability of audio and video content. In addition to the conventional ''frame''-based functionalities of the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 standards, the MPEG-4 video coding algorithm will also support access and manipulation of ''objects'' within video scenes. The January 1996 MPEG Video group meeting witnessed the definition of the first version of the MPEG-4 Video Verification Model-a milestone in the development of the MPEG-4 standard. The primary intent of the Video Verification Model is to provide a fully defined core video coding algorithm platform for the development of the standard. As such, the structure of the MPEG-4 Video Verification Model already gives some indication about the tools and algorithms that will be provided by the final MPEG-4 standard. The purpose of this paper is to describe the scope of the MPEG-4 Video standard and to outline the structure of the MPEG-4 Video Verification Model under development.

关键词： coding efficiency compression error robustness flexible coding functional coding manipulation MPEG MPEG-4 multimedia natural video object-based coding SNHC standardization synthetic video universal accessibility verification model video coding

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Video segmentation and camera motion characterization using compressed data

Video segmentation and camera motion characterization using ...

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Conference on multimedia Storage and Archiving systems ii

作者： Milanese, R Deguillaume, F JacotDescombes, A Univ. of Geneva (Switzerland)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426628

We address the problem of automatically extracting visual indexes from videos, in order to provide sophisticated access methods to the contents of a video server. We focus on two tasks, namely the decomposition of a video clip into uniform segments (shots), and the characterization of each shot by camera motion parameters. For the first task we use a Bayesian classification approach to detecting scene cuts by analyzing motion vectors. For the second task a least-squares fitting procedure determines the pan/tilt/zoom camera parameters. In order to guarantee the highest processing speed, all techniques process and analyze directly MPEG-1 motion vectors, without need for video decompression. Experimental results are reported for a database of news video clips.

关键词： shot detection camera motion video archival content-based retrieval Bayesian classification MPEG

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Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on content-Based access of Image and Video Libraries, CBAIVL 1997

Proceedings - IEEE Workshop on Content-Based Access of Image...

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1997 IEEE Workshop on content-Based access of Image and Video Libraries, CBAIVL 1997

ISBN: (纸本)0818679832

The proceedings contain 12 papers. The topics discussed include: ImageRover: a content-based image browser for the world wide web;distinguishing photographs and graphics on the world wide web;locating deciduous trees;increasing retrieval efficiency by index tree adaptation;models and algorithms for efficient color image indexing;region-based image querying;efficient content extraction in compressed images;a Bayesian video modeling framework for shot segmentation and content characterization;retrieving images by similarity of visual appearance;retrieving images by similarity of visual appearance;a relevance feedback architecture for content-based multimedia information retrieval systems;and training templates for scene classification using a few examples.

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multimedia systems for art and culture: A case study of Brihadisvara temple 5

Multimedia systems for art and culture: A case study of Brih...

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Conference on Storage and Retrieval for Image and Video Databases V

作者： Jain, AK Goel, S Agarwal, S Mittal, V Sharma, H Mahindru, R Michigan State Univ. (United States) Indira Gandhi National Ctr. for the Arts (India)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424331

In India a temple is not only a structure of religious significance and celebration, but it also plays an important role in the social, administrative and cultural life of the locality. Temples have served as centers for learning Indian scriptures. Music and dance were fostered and performed in the precincts of the temples. Built at the end of the 10th century, the Brihadisvara temple signified new design methodologies. We have access to a large number of images, audio and video recordings, architectural drawings and scholarly publications of this temple. A multimedia system for this temple is being designed which is intended to be used for the following purposes: (i) to inform and enrich the general public, and (ii) to assist the scholars in their research. Such a system will also preserve and archive old historical documents and images. The large database consists primarily of images which can be retrieved using keywords, but the emphasis here is largely on techniques which will allow access using image content. Besides classifying images as either long shots or close-ups, deformable template matching is used for shape-based query by image content, and digital video retrieval. Further, to exploit the non-linear accessibility of video sequences, key frames are determined to aid the domain experts in getting a quick preview of the video. Our database also has images of several old, and rare manuscripts many of which are noisy and difficult to read. We have enhanced them to make them more legible. We are also investigating the optimal trade-off between image quality and compression ratios.

关键词： art and culture content-based retrieval deformable template image compression image enhancement video indexing shot boundary detection key frames

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Supporting similaxity queries in MARS 5

Supporting similaxity queries in MARS

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5th ACM International Conference on multimedia, multimedia 1997

作者： Ortega, Michael Rui, Yong Chakrabarti, Kaushik Mehrotra, Sharad Huang, Thomas S. Department of Computer Science and Beckman Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897919912

To address the emerging needs of applications that require access to and retrieval of multimedia objects, we are developing the multimedia Analysis and Retrieval System (MARS) in our group at the University of Illinois [13]. In this paper, we concentrate on the retrieval subsystem of MARS and its support for content-based queries over image databases. content-based retrieval techniques have been extensively studied for textual documents in the area of automatic information retrieval [24, 21. This paper describes how these techniques can be adapted for ranked retried over image databases. Specifically, we discuss the ranking and retrieval algorithms developed in MARS based on the Boolean retrievaI model and describe the results of our experiments that demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed model for image retrieval. © Copyright 1997 ACM.

关键词： content based retrieval

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A geographic knowledge representation system for multimedia geospatial retrieval and analysis

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International Journal on Digital Libraries 1997年第2期1卷 132-152页

作者： Chen, Hsinchun Smith, Terence R. Larsgaard, Mary L. Hill, Linda L. Ramsey, Marshall MIS Department Karl Eller Graduate School of Management University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 McClelland Hall 430Z United States Alexandria Digital Library Project University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States Map and Imagery Laboratory Davidson Library University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 United States University of Maryland College of Library and Information Services Universities Space Research Association Center of Excellence in Space Data and Information Sciences Goddard Space Flight Center Code 930.5 Greenbelt MD 20771 United States MIS Departmen Karl Eller Graduate School of Management University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 McClelland Hall 430W United States

Digital libraries serving multimedia information that may be accessed in terms of geographic content and relationships are creating special challenges and opportunities for networked information systems. An especially challenging research issue concerning collections of geo-referenced information relates to the development of techniques supporting geographic information retrieval (GIR) that is both fuzzy and concept-based. Viewing the meta-information environment of a digital library as a heterogeneous set of services that support users in terms of GIR, we deffine a geographic knowledge representation system (GKRS) in terms of a core set of services of the meta-information environment that is required in supporting concept-based access to collections of geospatial information. In this paper, we describe an architecture for a GKRS and its implementation in terms of a prototype system. Our GKRS architecture loosely couples a variety of multimedia knowledge sources that are in part represented in terms of the semantic network and neural network representations developed in artifficial intelligence research. Both textual analysis and image processing techniques are employed in creating these textual and iconic geographical knowledge structures. The GKRS also employs spreading activation algorithms in support of concept-based knowledge retrieval. The paper describes implementational details of several of the components of the GKRS as well as discussing both the lessons learned from, and future directions of, our research. © Springer-Verlag 1997.

关键词： Geographic information retrieval Geographic knowledge representation Geospace Geospatically referenced information multimedia geospatial queries

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multimedia summaries of broadcast news

Multimedia summaries of broadcast news

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Australian and New Zealand Conference on Intelligent Information systems

作者： M.T. Maybury A.E. Merlino Advanced Information Systems Center MITRE Corporation Bedford MA USA

Increasing amounts of text, audio, and video content has fueled efforts to provide direct, content based access to these materials. Summaries are often necessary to enable timely relevancy assessments, information extraction, or information analysis from source material. Whereas text summarization research is receiving increasing attention, comparatively few investigators have examined video summarization. We report on the extension of a broadcast news access system to provide multimedia summaries. We briefly overview our system for video analysis, focusing on our novel integration of image, speech and language processing techniques to support automated video summarization. We outline algorithms for proper name and keyphrase extraction, story segmentation, and key frame extraction which together underpin our current ability to automatically summarize video. We describe the systems ability to generate multimedia video summaries tailored to a user query. We discuss evaluation metrics for measuring the (quality) value of these summary artifacts.

关键词： Digital multimedia broadcasting multimedia communication multimedia systems Speech analysis Data mining Information analysis Image analysis Speech processing Natural languages Image segmentation

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