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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Don, Anthony Hanusse, Nicolas Univ Bordeaux 1 LaBRI F-33405 Talence France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper, we propose a new concept for browsing and searching in large collections of content-based indexed images. Our approach is inspired by greedy routing algorithms used in distributed networks. We define a navigation graph, called NAVGRAPH, whose vertices represent images. The edges of the navgraph are computed according to a similarity measure between indexed images. The resulting graph can be seen as an ad-hoc network of images in which a greedy routing algorithm can be applied for retrieval purposes. A request for a target image consists of a walk in the navigation graph using a greedy,approach : starting from an arbitrary vertex/image, the neighbors of the current vertex are presented to the user, who iteratively selects the vertex which is the most similar to the target. We present the NAVGRAPH construction and prove its efficiency for greedy routing. We also propose a specific content-descriptor that we compare to the MPEG7 Color Layout Descriptor. Experimental results with test-users show the usability of this approach.

关键词： CBIR user interface greedy routing navigation graphs

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Audio scene segmentation for video with generic content

Audio scene segmentation for video with generic content

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Niu, Feng Goela, Naveen Divakaran, Ajay Abdel-Mottaleb, Mohamed Univ Miami Dept Elect & Comp Engn 1251 Mem Dr Coral Gables FL 33146 USA Mitsubishi Elect Res Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper, we present a content-adaptive audio texture based method to segment video into audio scenes. The audio scene is modeled as a semantically consistent chunk of audio-data. Our algorithm is based on '' semantic audio texture analysis.'' At first, we train GMM models for basic audio classes such as speech, music, etc. Then we define the semantic audio texture based-on those classes. We study and present two types of scene changes, those corresponding to an overall audio-texture change and those corresponding to a-special '' transition marker '' used by the content creator, such as a short stretch of music in a sitcom or silence in dramatic content. Unlike prior work using genre specific heuristics, such as some methods presented for detecting commercials, we adaptively find out if such special transition markers are being used and if so, which of the base classes are being used as markers without any prior knowledge about the content. Our experimental results show that our proposed audio scene segmentation works well across a wide variety of broadcast content genres.

关键词： audio scene segmentation semantic texture SVM

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Improving multimedia retrieval with a video OCR

Improving multimedia retrieval with a video OCR

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Das, Dipanjan Chen, Datong Hauptmann, Alexander G. Carnegie Mellon Univ Language Technol Inst Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Comp Sci Dept Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

We present a set of experiments with a video OCR system (VOCR) tailored for video information retrieval and establish its importance in multimedia search in general and for some specific queries in particular. The system, inspired by an existing work on text detection and recognition in images, has been developed using, techniques involving detailed analysis of video frames producing candidate text regions. The text regions are then binarized and sent to a commercial OCR resulting in ASCII text, that is finally used to create search indexes. The system is evaluated using the TREVID data.. We compare the system's performance from an information retrieval perspective with another VOCR developed, using multi-frame integration and empirically demonstrate that deep analysis on individual video frames result in better video retrieval. We also evaluate the effect of various textual sources on multimedia retrieval by combining the VOCR outputs with automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcripts. For general search queries, the VOCR system coupled with ASR sources outperforms the other system by a very large extent. For search queries that involve named entities, especially people names, the VOCR system even outperforms speech transcripts, demonstrating that source selection for particular query types is extremely essential.

关键词： video OCR OCR multimedia retrieval video retrieval optical character recognition

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content-based unconstrained color logo and trademark retrieval with Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histograms

Content-based unconstrained color logo and trademark retriev...

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Phan, Raymond Androutsos, Dimitrios Ryerson Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5B 2K3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

In this paper, we present a logo and trademark retrieval system for unconstrained color image databases that extends the Color Edge Co-occurrence Histogram (CECH) object detection scheme. We introduce more accurate information to the, CECH, by virtue of incorporating color edge detection using vector order statistics. This produces a more accurate representation of edges in color images, in comparison to the simple color pixel difference classification of edges as seen in the CECH. Our proposed method is thus reliant on edge gradient information, and as such, we call this the Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histogram (CEGCH). We use this as the main mechanism for our unconstrained color logo and trademark retrieval scheme. Results illustrate that the proposed retrieval system retrieves logos and trademarks with good accuracy, and outperforms the CECH object detection scheme with higher precision and recall.

关键词： Color Edge Gradient Co-occurrence Histogram (CEGCH) logo and trademark retrieval color edge detection pattern recognition object detection

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Enriching text with images and colored light

Enriching text with images and colored light

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Sekulovski, Dragan Geleijnse, Gijs Kater, Bram Korst, Jan Pauws, Steffen Clout, Ramon Philips Res Europe NL-5656 AE Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

We present an unsupervised method to enrich textual applications with relevant images and colors. The images are collected by querying large image repositories and subsequently the colors are computed using image processing. A prototype system based on this method is presented where the method is applied to song lyrics. In combination with a lyrics synchronization algorithm the system produces a rich multimedia experience. In order to identify terms within the text that may be associated with images and colors, we select noun phrases using a part of speech tagger. Large image repositories are queried with these terms. Per term representative colors are extracted using the collected images. Hereto, we either use a histogram-based or a mean shift-based algorithm. The representative color extraction uses-the non-uniform distribution of the colors found in the large repositories. The images that are ranked best by the search engine are displayed on a screen, while the extracted representative colors are rendered on controllable lighting devices in the living room. We evaluate our method by comparing the computed colors to standard color representations of a set of English color terms. A second evaluation focuses on the distance in color between a queried term in English and its translation in a foreign language. Based on results from three sets of terms, a measure of suitability of a term for color extraction based on KL Divergence is proposed. Finally, we compare the performance of the algorithm using either the automatically indexed repository of Google Images and the manually annotated ***. Based on the results of these experiments, we conclude that using the presented method we can compute the relevant color for a term using a large image repository and image processing.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Image segmentation Quantization Light sources and illumination Detection and tracking algorithms Image processing Image retrieval Distance measurement multimedia Prototyping

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Event-centric media management

Event-centric media management

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Conference on multimedia content access - algorithms and systems II

作者： Scherp, Ansgar Agaram, Srikanih Jain, Ramesh OFFIS Inst Informat Technol D-26121 Oldenburg Germany Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819469922

The management,of the vast amount of media assets captured at every day events such as meetings, birthday parties, vacation, and conferences has become an increasingly challenging problem. Today, most media management applications are media-centric. This means, they put the captured media assets into the center of the management. However, in recent years it has been proposed that events are a much better abstraction of human experience and thus provide a more appropriate means for managing media assets. Consequently, approaches that include events into their media management solution have been explored. However, they typically consider events only as some more metadata that can be extracted from the media assets. In addition, today's applications and approaches concentrate on particular problems such as event detection, tagging, sharing, classification, or clustering and are often focused on a single media type. In this paper, we argue for the benefits of an event-centric media management (EMMa) approach that-looks at the problem of media management holistically. Based on a generic event model, we specify a media event model for-the EMMa approach. The single -phases and processes of the EMMa approach are defined in a general process chain for-an event-centric media management, the EMMa cycle. This cycle follows the event concept throughout all phases and processes of the chain and-puts the concept of events in the center of the media management. Based on the media event model and EMMa cycle, we design a component-based architecture for the EMMa approach and conduct an implementation of the approach.

关键词： events event-centric media management event classification event clustering multimedia authoring

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Automatic violent content web filtering approach based on the KDD process

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WEB INFORMATION systems 2008年第4期4卷 441-+页

作者： Hammami, Mohamed Guermazi, Radhouane Ben Hamadou, Abdelmajid Multimedia Informat Syst & Adv Comp Lab Sfax Tunisia

Purpose - The growth of the web and the increasing number of documents electronically available has been paralleled by the emergence of harmful web pages content such as pornography, violence, racism, etc. This emergence involved the necessity of providing filtering systems designed to secure the internet access. Most of them process mainly the adult content and focus on blocking pornography, marginalizing violence. The purpose of this paper is to propose a violent web content detection and filtering system, which uses textual and structural content-based analysis. Design/methodology/approach - The violent web content detection and filtering system uses textual and structural content-based analysis based on a violent keyword dictionary. The paper focuses on the keyword dictionary preparation, and presents a comparative study of different data mining techniques to block violent content web pages. Findings - The solution presented in this paper showed its effectiveness by scoring a 89 per cent classification accuracy rate on its test data set. Research limitations/implications - Many future work directions can be considered. This paper analyzed only the web page, and an additional analysis of the visual content can be one of the directions of future work. Future research is underway to develop effective filtering tools for other types of harmful web pages, such as racist, etc. Originality/value - The paper's major contributions are first, the study and comparison of several decision tree building algorithms to build a violent web classifier based on a textual and structural content-based analysis for improving web filtering. Second, showing laborious dictionary building by finding automatically discriminative indicative keywords.

关键词： Worldwide web Classification schemes Data analysis content management

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Embedded Multi-Channel Video Encoder Based on DSP

Embedded Multi-Channel Video Encoder Based on DSP

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5th IEEE International Symposium on Embedded Computing

作者： Yao Chunlian Li Wei Meng Qinglei Gao Lihua Beijing Technol & Business Univ Sch Digital Content Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Digital Media Lab Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769533483

To satisfy the requirement of embedded video encoder in various scenarios, an embedded multi-channel video coding system based on multimedia processor-DM642 DSP is designed in this paper. For real-time application requirement, we optimize the encoder at three levels: Firstly, at algorithm level, develop some fast algorithm fitting for LISP;secondly, at system level, adjust the architecture of encoder and optimization data transfer with EDMA;thirdly, at code level, use linear assembly for key code. Experimental results show that the embedded video encoder can compress four channel CIF video data real-time.

关键词： Digital signal processing Video compression Digital signal processing chips Real time systems Signal processing algorithms Hardware Random access memory Video coding Application software Switches

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Achieving Interoperability in Conditional access systems through the Dynamic Download and Execution of Cryptographic Software for the IPTV System

Achieving Interoperability in Conditional Access Systems thr...

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International Conference on Convergence Information Technology

作者： Jinyoung Moon Jungtae Kim Jongyoul Park Euihyun Paik U-Computing Research Group Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute South Korea

An IPTV system that transmits multimedia contents through the IP network needs to adopt a conditional access system allowing the only entitled subscribers to view the premium content as other pay-TV systems do. Although several standard specifications have been published for interoperable models of conditional access systems, the proposed models are based on the unidirectional or restricted bidirectional broadcasting network and do not utilize the characteristics of the IP network. However, software download scheme through the bidirectional IP network enables it to change existing conditional access systems in a secure way. This paper introduces an interoperable conditional access system that can update any cryptographic software provided by different conditional access system vendors through downloading and executing dynamically the downloaded conditional access software only if the software follows the pre-defined interfaces.

关键词： Cryptography IPTV IP networks Software algorithms Satellite broadcasting multimedia systems Security multimedia communication Information technology Moon

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Fuzzy mining of multimedia genre applied to television archives

Fuzzy mining of multimedia genre applied to television archi...

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IEEE International Conference on multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Alberto Messina Maurizio Montagnuolo RAI Radiotelevisione Italiana Centre for Research and Technological Innovation Torino Italy Department of Computer Science University of Turin Torino Italy

The quantity of multimedia content available either through the traditional distribution channels, such as broadcast television, or through new platforms like the Internet, is continuously increasing. Tools for user-oriented access to desired information are thus needed. In this paper, we illustrate a novel fuzzy multimedia mining technique for genre characterisation, aimed at overcoming limitations of conventional crisp classification systems. Effective results in genre classification and characterisation are presented based on the extraction of structural and cognitive properties of the content.

关键词： multimedia communication Feature extraction Data mining Classification algorithms Face Streaming media TV

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