The purpose of a tracking algorithm is to associate data measured by one or more (moving) sensors to moving objects in the environment. The state of these objects that can be estimated with the tracking process depend...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819449598
The purpose of a tracking algorithm is to associate data measured by one or more (moving) sensors to moving objects in the environment. The state of these objects that can be estimated with the tracking process depends on the type of data that is provided by these sensors. It is discussed how the tracking algorithm can adapt itself, depending on the provided data, to improve data association. The core of the tracking algorithm,is an extended Kalman filter using multiple hypotheses for contact to track association. Examples of various sensor suites of radars, electro-optic sensors and acoustic sensors are presented.
Modern technology provides a great amount of information. In computer monitoring systems or computer control systems, especially real-time expert systems, in order to have the situation in hand, we need one or two par...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819449598
Modern technology provides a great amount of information. In computer monitoring systems or computer control systems, especially real-time expert systems, in order to have the situation in hand, we need one or two parameters to express the quality and/or security of the whole system. This paper presents a principle for synthesizing measurements of multiple system parameters into a single parameter and its application to fuzzy pattern recognition.
This paper considers the applicability of algorithms, constraint solving and active structure across the spectrum of complexity of informationfusionapplications. informationfusion is recast as a cognitive applicati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819471659
This paper considers the applicability of algorithms, constraint solving and active structure across the spectrum of complexity of informationfusionapplications. informationfusion is recast as a cognitive application using dynamic structure building and constraint reasoning. The similarity between situation awareness and an undirected structure responding to change is highlighted. The efficiency and speed of operation of cognitive informationfusion are touched on. A tsunami warning system provides an example which involves multiple threat and demonstrates the difference between segmented algorithms making decisions without context, and the active use of knowledge.
The JDL model for fusion provides a structure for fusion of multispectral data at all levels. Fused data provides improved performance in Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). Critical to the overall fusion performance,...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819481740
The JDL model for fusion provides a structure for fusion of multispectral data at all levels. Fused data provides improved performance in Automatic Target Recognition (ATR). Critical to the overall fusion performance, however, is the low level(0-2) fusion of sensory and context information. Loss of information must be avoided at this level, but complexity must be reduced. A model is presented that uses fuzzy sets to form entities and capture the information needed for target recognition. Examples using multi-spectral imagery will be presented.
We address the problem of characterizing uncertainty for multisensor data fusion in a classification problem. To achieve this goal, we model the joint density of given multivariate data using copula functions while al...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628416145
We address the problem of characterizing uncertainty for multisensor data fusion in a classification problem. To achieve this goal, we model the joint density of given multivariate data using copula functions while allowing the ability to incorporate any desired marginal distributions, i.e., any desired modalities. The proposed model is data driven in that the corresponding copula functions and their parameters are learned from the data. Our results show that the proposed framework can capture the uncertainties more accurately than current state of the practice, and lead to robust and improved classification performance compared to traditional classifiers.
This paper addresses the problem of multi-source object classification in a context where objects of interest are part of a known taxonomy and the classification sources report at varying levels of specificity. This p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819490858
This paper addresses the problem of multi-source object classification in a context where objects of interest are part of a known taxonomy and the classification sources report at varying levels of specificity. This problem must consider several technical challenges: a) support fusion of heterogeneous classification inputs, b) provide a computationally scalable approach that accommodates taxonomy's with thousands of leaf nodes, and c) provide outputs that support tactical decision aides and are suitable inputs for subsequent fusion processes. This paper presents an approach that employs the Transferable Belief Model, Pignistic Transforms, and Bayesian fusion to address these challenges.
In this paper we propose a new approach for distributed multiclass classification using a hierarchical fusion architecture. Binary decisions from local sensors, possibly in the presence of faults, axe fused locally. L...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819449598
In this paper we propose a new approach for distributed multiclass classification using a hierarchical fusion architecture. Binary decisions from local sensors, possibly in the presence of faults, axe fused locally. Locally fused results are forwarded to the global fusion center that determines the final classification result. Classification fusion in our approach is implemented via error correcting codes to incorporate fault-tolerance capability. This new approach not only provides an improved fault-tolerance capability but also reduces bandwidth requirements as well as computation time and memory requirements at the fusion center. Numerical examples axe provided to illustrate the performance of this new approach.
Multiple source band image fusion can sometimes be a multi-step process that consists of several intermediate image processing steps. Typically, each of these steps is required to be in a particular arrangement in ord...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819486387
Multiple source band image fusion can sometimes be a multi-step process that consists of several intermediate image processing steps. Typically, each of these steps is required to be in a particular arrangement in order to produce a unique output image. GStreamer is an open source, cross platform multimedia framework, and using this framework, engineers at NVESD have produced a software package that allows for real time manipulation of processing steps for rapid prototyping in image fusion.
Conflict among information sources is a feature of fused multisource and multisensor systems. Accordingly, the subject of conflict resolution has a long history in the literature of data fusion algorithms such as that...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628416145
Conflict among information sources is a feature of fused multisource and multisensor systems. Accordingly, the subject of conflict resolution has a long history in the literature of data fusion algorithms such as that of Dempster-Shafer theory (DS). Most conflict resolution strategies focus on distributing the conflict among the elements of the frame of discernment (the set of hypotheses that describe the possible decisions for which evidence is obtained) through rescaling of the evidence. These "closed-world" strategies imply that conflict is due to the uncertainty in evidence sources stemming from their reliability. An alternative approach is the "open-world" hypothesis, which allows for the presence of "unknown" elements not included in the original frame of discernment. Here, conflict must be considered as a result of uncertainty in the frame of the discernment, rather than solely the province of evidence sources. Uncertainty in the operating environment of a fused system is likely to appear as an open-world scenario. Understanding the origin of conflict (source versus frame of discernment uncertainty) is a challenging area for research in fused systems. Determining the ratio of these uncertainties provides useful insights into the operation of fused systems and confidence in their decisions for a variety of operating environments. Results and discussion for the computation of these uncertainties are presented for several combination rules with simulated data sets.
In this paper, we describe the progress we have achieved in developing a computationally efficient, grid-based Bayesian fusion tracking system. In our approach, the probability surface is represented by a collection o...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819490858
In this paper, we describe the progress we have achieved in developing a computationally efficient, grid-based Bayesian fusion tracking system. In our approach, the probability surface is represented by a collection of multidimensional polynomials, each computed adaptively on a grid of cells representing state space. Time evolution is performed using a hybrid particle/grid approach and knowledge of the grid structure, while sensor updates use a measurement-based sampling method with a Delaunay triangulation. We present an application of this system to the problem of tracking a submarine target using a field of active and passive sonar buoys.
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