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Review and Perspective on Rational design and Interface engineering of g-C3N4/ZnO: From Type-ii to Step-Scheme Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Applications

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ENERGY & FUELS 2023年第19期37卷 14421-14472页

作者： Kumar, S. Girish Kavitha, R. Manjunatha, C. RV Coll Engn Dept Chem Bengaluru 560059 Karnataka India Vijaya Coll Dept Chem Postgrad Studies Bengaluru 560004 Karnataka India RV Coll Engn Ctr Nanomat & Devices Bengaluru 560059 Karnataka India

Heterostructuring the g-C3N4 (GCN)with widegap oxide photocatalysts is of prominent interest as they can harvestphotons spanning the UV-visible region. In this regard, GCN/ZnOhave garnered remarkable attention due to their admirable structure,optical, dimensional anisotropy, and electronic properties. The 2Dsheet-like structure of GCN can serve as a suitable substrate forthe growth of distinct ZnO nanostructures under the multitude of reactionconditions. This review focuses on the progress in the rational designand interface engineering of GCN/ZnO to from Type-ii and Z/S-schemeheterojunctions, followed by their relevant photocatalytic applicationstoward H-2 evolution, CO2 reduction, pollutantdegradation, and bacteria inactivation. The mechanism underlying thecrystallization of GCN and ZnO together with their intimate contactin the composite are emphasized under the light of diverse preparationmethods. The modification of GCN/ZnO with cocatalysts such as metals,alloy, semiconductors, and carbon materials to form ternary systemsto highlight their advancements. The gap analysis and future prospectusof this intricate heterostructure concerning the challenges in syntheticapproaches and the charge carrier dynamics are discussed. This reviewenvisages the development of efficient GCN/ZnO-based heterostructuresfor multiscale applications.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Optimization of the quantum efficiency in interband cascade infrared photodetectors based on type-ii superlattices

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optical engineering 2024年第6期63卷

作者： Taouche, Tayeb Benyahia, Djalal Lazoul, Mohamed Ecole Mil Polytech Lab Syst Lasers Algiers Algeria

We discuss the design and the optimization of interband cascade infrared photodetectors (ICIPs) based on type-ii InAs/GaSb superlattices. Our study explores matched-absorbers configuration in ICIPs made up of multiple stages. An effective and enhanced computational approach is presented for determining the subsequent absorbers thicknesses in the matched-absorbers configuration. The first absorber thickness controls that of the following active layers, ensuring uniform quantum efficiency (QE) throughout all stages. Thus, we have demonstrated that selecting the initial absorber thickness is an important factor that can improve the performance of ICIP detectors. Furthermore, we have established that the accurate calculation of the subsequent absorber thicknesses leads to a significant high QE, with potential improvements of over 80% in certain cases. (c) 2024 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

关键词： Infrared detectors interband cascade photodetectors type-ii superlattices matched absorbers

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Exploring electronic and optical properties of MoSeS/WSeS heterojunction under mechanical strain and electric field☆

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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER 2025年 700卷

作者： Liu, Huaidong Yang, Lu Wang, Tianyun Wei, Xingbin Sun, Shihang Zhao, Yanshen Shenyang Univ Technol Sch Architecture & Civil Engn Shenyang 110870 Peoples R China

This study explores the effects of strain and electric fields on MoSeS/WSeS heterojunction optoelectronics using first principles. MoSeS/WSeS and MoSSe/WSSe exhibit type I behavior, which transforms to type ii under a positive electric field, and the system tends to be metallized at 0.6 V/& Aring;.MoSeS/WSSe exhibits a type ii behavior, which transforms to type I under a negative field, and the positive field strengthens its type ii character. These heterojunctions exhibit excellent dielectric and absorption properties in the visible-ultraviolet region. The strain and electric field can precisely control their optoelectronic properties and support the design of highperformance materials for optoelectronics.

关键词： Strain engineering Electric field Optoelectronic properties MoSeS/WSeS heterojunctions First-principles calculation

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engineering bright J-aggregates through manipulation of electron acceptor for in vivo NIR-ii fluorescence imaging

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Journal of Innovative optical Health Sciences 2025年第3期18卷 131-140页

作者： Yonghui Pan Xianwei Weng Mingxuan Jia Xiaofei Miao Hui Zhao Jie Zhang Wenbo Hu Quli Fan State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts&TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023P.R.China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072P.R.China

Fluorophores emitting in the second near-infrared window (NIR-ii, 900–1700nm) allow for high-resolution deep-tissue bioimaging owing to minimal tissue scattering. Although J-aggregation offers a promising approach to developing long-wavelength emitters, the scarcity of J-type backbones and reliable design principles limits their application in biological imaging. Here, we introduce a strategy for engineering high-brightness NIR-ii J-aggregated fluorophores by incorporating electron-withdrawing substituents into a fused-ring backbone. These substituents modulate the electrostatic potential (ESP) distribution across the conjugated backbone, reducing both electrostatic repulsion and intermolecular distance, which promotes ordered J-aggregation. As a result, Y8 aggregate (Y8 nanoparticles) exhibits an outstanding fluorescence quantum yield of up to 12.9% and strong near-infrared absorption in aqueous solution for high-performance NIR-ii fluorescence imaging in vivo. This work not only presents a novel J-type backbone but also advances the understanding of the structure–property relationship critical to designing NIR-ii J-aggregates.

关键词： NIR-ii imaging J-aggregate fused-ring fluorophore excited state

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Cyano-Substituted Distyrylbenzene Derivative for Laser Media: High Solid-State Luminescence and Processabilities by Tert-Butyl Appending design

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ADVANCED optical MATERIALS 2025年第8期13卷

作者： Matsuo, Takumi Azuma, Soichiro Nakabayashi, Mahiro Sasaki, Fumio Hayashi, Shotaro Kochi Univ Technol Sch Engn Sci Kami Kochi 7828502 Japan Kochi Univ Technol Res Inst FOREST Ctr Kami Kochi 7828502 Japan Univ Tsukuba Inst Pure & Appl Sci Dept Mat Sci 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058573 Japan

To create effective organic laser media, it is essential to design molecules with high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency (Phi PL), solubility-processability for facile crystal resonator formation, and structural tunability. Cyano-beta-substituted distyrylbenzene (CDSB) is recognized as a potential solid-luminogen but is limited by its quantum efficiency and solubility toward crystal resonator processability. Herein the rational design for high solid-state luminescence and processability is demonstrated through designing tertiary-butyl (tBu)-appended approach. In contrast, tBu-appended CDSB, namely tBuC, has good solubility for crystal growth processability and controllability, allowing for the formation of high Phi PL polymorphs. tBuC offers selective growth for (I) green-emissive platelet crystals or (ii) blue-emissive needle crystals. The Phi PL is 0.72 for I and 0.91 for ii. The Phi PL value for ii is among the highest in the CDSB series, attributed to the segregated luminescent species based on bulky tBu. Lasing is observed for ii due to the above characteristics. The addition of tBu offers a new strategy for crystal engineering toward the realization of laser media although it is a chemically simple approach.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission crystal engineering lasing, polymorph tertiary-butyl

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A Coordinate-Free Approach to the design of Generalized Griffis-Duffy Platforms

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical engineering 2024年第3期37卷 95-103页

作者： Chengwei Shen Xu Pei Lubin Hang Jingjun Yu College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201620China

Architectural singularity belongs to the Type ii singularity,in which a parallel manipulator(PM)gains one or more degrees of freedom and becomes *** remaining permanently in a singularity are beneficial for linearto-rotary motion ***-Duffy(GD)platform is a mobile structure admitting a Bricard *** this paper,we present a coordinate-free approach to the design of generalized GD platforms,which consists in determining the shape and attachment of both the moving platform and the fixed *** generalized GD platform is treated as a combination of six coaxial single-loop mechanisms under the same *** to the inversion,hidden in the geometric structure of these single-loop mechanisms,the mapping from a line to a circle establishes the geometric transformation between the fixed base and the moving platform based on the center of inversion,and describes the shape and attachment of the generalized GD ***,the center of inversion not only identifies the location of rotation axis,but also affects the shape of the platform mechanism.A graphical construction of generalized GD platforms using inversion,proposed in the paper,provides geometrically feasible solutions of the manipulator design for the requirement of the location of rotation axis.

关键词： Generalized Griffis-Duffy platforms Self-motion Inversion Coordinate-free determination Manipulator design

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Quality assessment for large-aperture optical elements inducing phase jumps

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2024年第6期12卷 113-121页

作者： Vicentiu Iancu Anda-Maria Talposi Cristina Gheorghiu Razvan Ungureanu Ioan Dancus Dan-Gheorghita Matei Daniel Ursescu Extreme Light Infrastructure–Nuclear Physics(ELI-NP) Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear EngineeringM agureleRomania Faculty of Physics University of BucharestM agureleRomania National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics(INFLPR)Center for Advanced Laser Technologies(CETAL)M agureleRomania

Achieving complex pulses with high-power lasers necessitates rigorous testing of specially designed optical *** qualification of these components using complementary devices to access both the high-resolution and the largeaperture properties, followed by validation using propagation simulations, is proposed here. In particular, the topology of a large-aperture staircase-like Fresnel phase plate used to generate vortex pulses is qualified using a non-contact optical profiler and a large-aperture wavefront measurement setup based on a Shack–Hartmann sensor. The resulting topography is further used for simulating the focus of laser beams after passing through the phase plate. Step height distribution effects on the doughnut-shaped focus are identified, and avoiding the indicated pitfall in the design of the phase plate provides at least a 10-fold reduction of the irradiance modulation on the circumference of the focus in the super-Gaussian case.

关键词： helical wavefront large-aperture high-power lasers optical profilometry spiral phase plate wavefront sensors

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Recent advances in ii-VI group semiconductor- and carbon-based quantum dots for fluorescence-based sensing of metal ions in water

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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO 2024年第3期11卷 739-765页

作者： Das, Sohel Somu, Prathap Yadav, Akhilesh Kumar Hopke, Philip Karl Paul, Subhankar Natl Inst Technol Dept Biotechnol & Med Engn Struct Biol & Nanomed Lab Rourkela 769008 India Manipal Univ Jaipur Sch Civil & Chem Engn Dept Biotechnol & Chem Engn Off Jaipur Ajmer Expressway Jaipur 303007 Rajasthan India Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Environm Engn & Management Taichung 413310 Taiwan Indian Inst Technol Environm Sci & Engn Dept Mumbai 400076 India Banaras Hindu Univ Indian Inst Technol Dept Min Engn Varanasi 221005 India Univ Rochester Sch Med & Dent Dept Publ Hlth Sci Rochester NY 14642 USA Clarkson Univ Inst Sustainable Environm Potsdam NY 13699 USA Atlas SkillTech Univ Sch Technol Mumbai 400050 Maharasthra India

Quantum dots (QDs), which are commonly considered semiconductor nanoparticles with a size of <10 nm, have recently emerged as an intriguing field in materials science due to their unique size-dependent optical and electronic properties, chemical stability, and considerable potential for a wide range of applications. To date, new strategies and technologies are being developed for the application of QDs as optical sensors for measuring toxic metal ions in the aquatic environment owing to their properties of high sensitivity, low preparation cost, and portability. In this review, we discuss recent scientific developments based on the optical sensing of metal ions in the aquatic environment by QDs, especially focusing on ii-VI group semiconductor QDs and carbon-based QDs. This review is subdivided into sections focusing on the various types of detection mechanisms, which are primarily based on the quenching or enhancement of the fluorescence of QDs. Furthermore, design strategies, such as quenching by direct analyte attachment to QDs, imperfections on the QD surface, and interruption in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in the presence of analyte, are discussed. To provide insights into recent progress on QD (ii-VI group QDs and carbon QDs)-based optical sensing, we compiled two comprehensive tables comparing QDs and their detection mechanisms and detection range. Finally, we discuss the future prospective of the present sensing strategies.

关键词： Metal ions

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design and Dynamic Analysis of Different Balancing Mechanisms for Development of a Small Direct-Injection Spark-Ignition optical Engine

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Journal of engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2025年第9期147卷 091020页

作者： Velugula, Ravi Loganathan, Balasubramanian Thiruvallur Varadhaiyengar, Lakshminarasimhan Asvathanarayanan, Ramesh Mittal, Mayank Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India TVS Motor Co. Ltd. Hosur635109 India

Improving the performance of small engines, which have widespread use in two- and three-wheeled vehicles in several countries, is vital. Recently, direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) technology, used on moderate- to large-sized engines, offers improved fuel economy, better transient response and reduced emissions. When applied to small-bore engines, DISI, however, further complicates the fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces and inhomogeneity in fuel-air mixture formation. Hence there is a growing demand for a comprehensive examination of in-cylinder processes to address these challenges using optical engines. optical engines, incorporated with elongated piston and a transparent window therein for direct monitoring of in-cylinder events, give rise to increased unbalanced forces and thus lead to increased vibrations. Therefore, it becomes imperative to implement a suitable balancing mechanism to reduce the unbalanced forces within the space constraints of small engines. In the present study, three different balancing mechanisms, i.e., (i) crankshaft with counterweights, (ii) crankshaft with counterweights and primary balancer shaft, and (iii) crankshaft with counterweights and primary and secondary balancer shafts, are designed in SOLIDWORKS. Subsequently, a dynamic analysis of these mechanisms is conducted using ADAMS/View to investigate the unbalanced forces. The resultant unbalanced forces are compared for different balancing mechanisms. The analysis revealed that the crankshaft with counterweights and primary balancer shaft (i.e., balancing mechanism-ii) is suitable for the balancing of the small DISI optical engine (displacement volume of 200 cm3) under investigation. The methodology is helpful in designing and analyzing various balancing mechanisms for optical engines, particularly for small optical engines with space constraints. © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Crankshafts

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Chemical AI in the Limelight: The Contribution of Photochromic Materials and Oscillatory Chemical Reactions

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ADVANCED optical MATERIALS 2025年第0期13卷

作者： Gentili, Pier Luigi Univ Perugia Dept Chem Biol & Biotechnol I-06123 Perugia Italy

Chemical Artificial Intelligence (CAI) is the burgeoning research field devising chemical systems in "wetware" (i.e., in liquid solutions) to mimic biological intelligence competencies. UV-visible radiation is valuable for maintaining those systems out-of-equilibrium, prompting them to respond to optical and other physicochemical signals and probing their evolution. As it occurs in all the kingdoms of life, photochromic compounds play a relevant role. Several living beings exploit photochromic switches for variegate responses to the features of the environmental light. This work proposes a plausible justification by evidencing how each photochrome can be conceived as a trivial form of Markov blanket and implement (i) forward, (ii) final, and (iii) circular causalities. Furthermore, photochromic materials are appropriate for processing Boolean and fuzzy logic, exploiting their chemical reactivity, chaos, and quantum computing. Finally, photochromic molecules and oscillatory chemical reactions are promising ingredients for developing neuromorphic engineering in wetware based on optical signals. CAI inspires the design of adaptive, active, and autonomous chemical systems, which help humanity to colonize the molecular world against diseases, pollution, and poverty.

关键词： chaos computing chemical microheterogeneity chemical oscillations fuzzy logic neuromorphic engineering photo-switches quantum computing

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