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An Implementation and Evaluation of Client-Side File Caching for MPI-IO

An Implementation and Evaluation of Client-Side File Caching...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Wei-keng Liao Avery Ching Kenin Coloma Alok Choudhary Lee Ward Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Scalable Computing Systems Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque NM USA

Client-side file caching has long been recognized as a file system enhancement to reduce the amount of data transfer between application processes and I/O servers. However, caching also introduces cache coherence problems when a file is simultaneously accessed by multiple processes. Existing coherence controls tend to treat the client processes independently and ignore the aggregate I/O access pattern. This causes a serious performance degradation for parallel I/O applications. In this paper we discuss our new implementation and present an extended performance evaluation on GPFS and Lustre parallel file systems. In addition to comparing our methods to traditional approaches, we examine the performance of MPI-IO caching under direct I/O mode to bypass the underlying file system cache. We also investigate the performance impact of two file domain partitioning methods to MPI collective I/O operations: one which creates a balanced workload and the other which aligns accesses to the file system stripe size. In our experiments, alignment results in better performance by reducing file lock contention. When the cache page size is set to a multiple of the stripe size, MPI-IO caching inherits the same advantage and produces significantly improved I/O bandwidth.

关键词： File systems File servers Laboratories Control systems Data structures Yarn Memory management Performance analysis Computer science Application software

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Miss Ratio Improvement For Real-Time Applications Using Fragmentation-Aware Placement

Miss Ratio Improvement For Real-Time Applications Using Frag...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Ahmed Abou ElFarag Hatem M. El-Boghdadi Samir I. Shaheen Department of Computer Engineering Cairo University Giza Egypt

Partially reconfigurable field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) allow parts of the chip to be configured at run-time where each part could hold an independent task. Online placement of these tasks result in area fragmentation leading to poor utilization of chip resources. In this paper, we propose a new metric for measuring area fragmentation. The new fragmentation metric gives an indication to the continuity of the occupied (or free) space and not the amount of occupied space. We show how this metric can be extended for multi-dimensional structures. We also show how this metric can be computed efficiently at run time. Next we use this measure during online placement of tasks on FPGAs, such that the chip fragmentation is reduced. Our results show improvement of chip utilization when using this fragmentation aware placement method over other placement methods with well known bottom left first fit, and best fit placement strategies. In real time environment, we achieve an improvement in miss ratio when using the fragmentation aware placement over the bottom left placement strategy.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Semiconductor device measurement Area measurement Extraterrestrial measurements Application software Runtime Fabrics Scattering Monitoring Real time systems

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Optimizing the Fast Fourier Transform on a Multi-core Architecture

Optimizing the Fast Fourier Transform on a Multi-core Archit...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Long Chen Ziang Hu Junmin Lin Guang R. Gao Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE USA Department of Computer & Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

The rapid revolution in microprocessor chip architecture due to multicore technology is presenting unprecedented challenges to the application developers as well as system software designers: how to best exploit the parallelism potential due to such multi-core architectures? In this paper, we report an in-depth study on such challenges based on our experience of optimizing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the IBM Cyclops-64 chip architecture - a large-scale multi-core chip architecture consisting 160 thread units, associated memory banks and an interconnection network that connect them together in a shared memory organization. We demonstrate how multi-core architectures like the C64 could be used to achieve a high performance implementation of FFT both in 1D and 2D cases. We analyze the optimization challenges and opportunities including problem decomposition, load balancing, work distribution, and data-reuse, together with the exploiting of the C64 architecture features such as the multi-level of memory hierarchy and large register files. Furthermore, the experience learned during the hand-tuned optimization process have provided valuable guidance in our compiler optimization design and implementation. The main contributions of this paper include: 1) our study demonstrates that successful optimization for C64-like large-scale multi-core architectures requires a careful analysis that can identify certain domain-specific features of a target application (e.g. FFT) and match them well with some key multi-core architecture features; 2) our optimization, assisted with hand-tuned process, provided quantitative evidence on the importance of each optimization identified in 1); 3) automatic optimization by our compiler, the design and implementation of which is guided by the feedbacks from 1) and 2), shows excellent results that are often comparable to the results derived from our time-consuming hand-tuned code.

关键词： Fast Fourier transforms Computer architecture Design optimization Optimizing compilers Large-scale systems Microprocessor chips Multicore processing Application software System software software design

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Peer-to-peer computing: From applications to platform

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5th international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing and Applications, ISPA 2007

作者： Hai, Jin School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Computer Science and Engineering HUST China School of Computer Science and Technology HUST ChinaGrid China

ISBN: (纸本)3540747419

In the last several years, we have made great efforts on prototype development and deployments of real systems about peer-to-peer computing. We have released many famous systems in CERNET of China, including: 1) a live streaming system based on P2P computing, named AnySee, in 2004;2) a P2P VoD system, named GridCast, a P2P based E-Learning system, named APPLE, in 2005;3) a P2P based gaming platform, named PKTown, and a P2P-based high performance computing platform, named P2HP, in 2006;4) a P2P live streaming system for wireless environment, named MoSee, in 2007. All these deployed systems have attracted more attention on innovative P2P applications. In the last several years, there are about more than 100,000 users, which have enjoyed the services provided by these applications and we also have collected many data sets about users behaviors in different applications. Based on these logs from real systems, there is one finding: single platform, which includes many typical P2P applications, is a promising system for users, developers and researchers. For users, they can enjoy different services in one software, not many dazzling applications. For developers, they can deploy new P2P services quickly based on the functions and support by platform. For researchers, they can model the complex network and make statistic analysis and physical evolvement based on the traces provided by the platform. In the future, we will focus on P2P based platform, named Ripple, which is to construct a Reliable independent P2P layered engine with manageability to support services, including scientific research, streaming services, game services and etc. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

关键词： Complex networks

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Efficient Statistical Performance Modeling for Autonomic, Service-Oriented systems

Efficient Statistical Performance Modeling for Autonomic, Se...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Rui Zhang Alan Bivens Iead Rezek Computing Laboratory Oxford University Computing Laboratory Oxford UK Thomas J. Watson Research Center IBM Corporation Hawthorne NY USA Department of Engineering Science Oxford University Computing Laboratory Oxford UK

As service-oriented environments grow in size and complexity, managing their performance becomes increasingly difficult. To assist administrators, autonomic techniques have been adopted to permit these environments to be self-managing (problem localization, workload management, etc.). These techniques need a sense of system state and the ability to project a new state given some change within the environment. Recent work addressing this issue frequently used statistically learned models which were derived entirely from data. However, many environments already have management facilities in place that could provide precise and useful insights (e.g. workflows) into the system. This paper introduces a method of modeling service-oriented system performance using Bayesian networks and specifically addresses the benefits obtained by incorporating these insights into the model learning process. To further minimize model building costs, we devise a decentralized method to concurrently learn parts of the model where knowledge inclusion is impossible. Simulations and applications in actual environments show significant reductions in learning time, better accuracy and stronger tolerance to small learning data sets.

关键词： Environmental management Delay Bayesian methods Costs Humans Statistical learning System performance Application software Quality of service Analytical models

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Pseudo Trust: Zero-Knowledge Based Authentication in Anonymous Peer-to-Peer Protocols

Pseudo Trust: Zero-Knowledge Based Authentication in Anonymo...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Li Lu Jinsong Han Lei Hu Jinpeng Huai Yunhao Liu Lionel M. Ni State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Software Developing Environment Beihang University Beijing China

Most of the current trust models in peer-to-peer (P2P) systems are identity based, which means that in order for one peer to trust another, it needs to know the other peer's identity. Hence, there exists an inherent tradeoff between trust and anonymity. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no P2P protocol that provides complete mutual anonymity as well as authentication and trust management. We propose a zero-knowledge authentication scheme called pseudo trust (PT), where each peer, instead of using its real identity, generates an unforgeable and verifiable pseudonym using a one-way hash function. A novel authentication scheme based on zero-knowledge proof is designed so peers can be authenticated without leaking any sensitive information. With the help of PT, most existing identity-based trust management schemes become applicable in mutual anonymous P2P systems. We analyze the levels of security and anonymity in PT, and evaluate its performance using trace-driven simulations and a prototype implementation. The strengths of pseudo trust include the lack of need for a centralized trusted party or CA, high scalability and security, low traffic and cryptography processing overheads, and man-in-middle attack resistance. We aim for the pseudo trust design to be included in the P2P trust and anonymity context.

关键词： Authentication Peer to peer computing Protocols Knowledge management Identity management systems Performance analysis Information security Analytical models Virtual prototyping Scalability

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Performance Evaluation of the ROSENET Network Emulation System

Performance Evaluation of the ROSENET Network Emulation Syst...

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international Workshop/symposium on distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (DS-RT)

作者： Yan Gu Richard Fujimoto Computational Science and Engineering Division College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA

Network emulation has been widely used to aid in the development and evaluation of real time applications. Traditional emulation tools based on a single node machine or a cluster of machines cannot satisfy today's requirements for testing real time applications distributed over wide area networks. ROSENET is a novel network emulation system that exploits a remote high fidelity simulation to provide scale and accuracy for a low fidelity emulator serving a locally executing real time application. The distributed emulators and simulators in the ROSENET system coordinate by periodically updating their simulation/emulation status using network models. We evaluate the performance of an implementation of ROSENET using the NIST Net emulator and GTNetS simulator. Results show that ROSENET provides a promising approach to network emulation supporting accuracy and scale while meeting real-time constraints. We also illustrate the procedures using ROSENET to evaluate a contemporary real-time distributed application Skype and present experimental results.

关键词： Emulation Computational modeling Real time systems Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Application software Computer networks Predictive models Scalability parallel processing

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Performance Evaluation for Training a distributed BackPropagation Implementation

Performance Evaluation for Training a Distributed BackPropag...

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international symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics ( SACI)

作者： Sorin Babii Department of Computer and Software Engineering Politehnica University of Timişoara Timisoara Romania

This paper presents the results of some experiments in parallelizing the training phase of a feed-forward, artificial neural network. More specifically, we develop and analyze a parallelization strategy of the widely used neural net learning algorithm called back-propagation. We describe an approach for parallelizing the back- propagation algorithm. We implemented these algorithms on several LANs, permitting us to evaluate and analyze their performances based on the results of actual runs. We were interested on the qualitative aspect of the analysis, in order to achieve a fair understanding of the factors determining the behavior of this parallel algorithms. We were interested in discovering and dealing with some of the specific circumstances that have to be considered when a parallelized neural net learning algorithm is to be implemented on a set of workstations in a LAN. Part of our purpose is to investigate whether it is possible to exploit the computational resources of such a set of workstations.

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Artificial neural networks Backpropagation algorithms Workstations Feedforward systems Performance analysis Performance evaluation parallel algorithms Neural networks Local area networks

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A Dynamic Load Dispersion Algorithm for Load-Balancing in a Heterogeneous Grid System

A Dynamic Load Dispersion Algorithm for Load-Balancing in a ...

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Quality of Service, 2006 14th IEEE international Workshop on;Princeton,NJ

作者： David Solomon Acker Sarvesh Kulkami Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Villanova University Villanova PA USA

The ever changing demands on computational resources has information systems managers looking for solutions that are more flexible. Using a "bigger box" that has more and faster processors and permanent storage or more random access memory (RAM) is not a viable solution as the system usage patterns vary. In order for a system to handle the peak load adequately, it will go underutilized much of the time. A grid based distributed system can solve this problem by allowing multiple independent jobs to run over a network of heterogeneous computers. Applications can be based on several parallel jobs, several sequential jobs, or a single job. Keeping the workload represented by these jobs balanced over the network of computers requires network-aware scheduling algorithms that are dynamic, transparent, scalable, and quick. We present such an algorithm that handles load-balancing of jobs submitted at any point in the grid. Our algorithm accommodates jobs with differing CPU and I/O requirements and load-balances them over varying grid loads and varying network latencies.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms Computer networks Management information systems Information management Resource management Random access memory Read-write memory distributed computing Grid computing Application software

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A software architecture based on multi-agent and grid computing for electric power system applications

A software architecture based on multi-agent and grid comput...

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international symposium on parallel Computing in Electrical engineering

作者： Huang, Qi Qin, Kaiyu Wang, Wenyong Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Automat Engn Chengdu 610054 Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0769525547

This paper first reviews the application of computing technology in electric power system with emphasis on the evolution of the software architecture. And then proposes a software architecture to implement power system operation and computing. As power systems have become more complicated, software tools and simulations have played a more important role. The operation and control of the power system is actually becoming a huge data-intensive, information-intensive, communication-intensive and computing-intensive application. Power systems rely more heavily on computerized communications and control. Therefore,. system security has. become increasingly dependent on protecting the integrity of the associated information systems. Grid computing is generally regarded as a software technology to fully use the spare computing resources. However, the philosophy of grid computing can be used in engineering case to play an important role in power system distributed monitoring, control and distributed parallel computing. This paper proposes a software architecture, which depends on grid computing for hardware support and agent technology for software support, to seamlessly integrate the dispersed computing resources to implement high-performance operation and computing in electric power system. Some comparative test cases are studied, and the test results show that the combination of agent and grid computing can enhance the performance of the distributed computing system.

关键词： electric power system multi-agent technology software architecture grid computing

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