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检索条件"任意字段=PDSE 2000: International Symposium on Software Engineering for Parallel and Distributed Systems"

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Challenges of Timing Verification Tools in the Automotive Domain

Challenges of Timing Verification Tools in the Automotive Do...

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international symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation ( ISoLA)

作者： Pascal Montag Steffen Görzig Paul Levi Department REI SC DaimlerChrysler AG Research and Technology Ulm Germany Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

Every embedded real-time system is inevitably time- restricted. Therefore, worst-case execution times (WCETs) have to be known. The static timing analysis of embedded software promises the calculation of safe upper time bounds. We present the results of a case study which reveal the special challenges of this methodology in the automotive domain. For most of the encountered problems we describe our solutions or propose possible methods for a solution.

关键词： Timing Automotive engineering Hardware software safety Application software Aerospace electronics software systems Real time systems Embedded software Engines

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Coordinated checkpoint from message payload in pessimistic sender-based message logging 06

Coordinated checkpoint from message payload in pessimistic s...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： M. Aminian M.K. Akbari B. Javadi Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

Execution of MPI applications on clusters and grid deployments suffers from node and network failure that motivates the use of fault tolerant MPI implementations. Two category techniques have been introduced to make these systems fault-tolerant. The first one is checkpoint-based technique and the other one is called log-based recovery protocol. Sender-based pessimistic logging which falls in the second category is harnessing from huge amount of messages payloads which must be kept in volatile memory. In this paper, we present a coordinated checkpoint from message payload (CCMP) to reduce the aforementioned overhead. The proposed method was examined by MPICH-V2, a public domain platform implementing pessimistic logging with uncoordinated checkpoint. Experimental results demonstrated the reduction of run-time for NPB benchmarks in both fault-free and faulty environments.

关键词： Payloads Protocols Checkpointing Java Computer networks Application software Fault tolerant systems distributed computing Intelligent networks Grid computing

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Design flow for optimizing performance in processor systems with on-chip coarse-grain reconfigurable logic 06

Design flow for optimizing performance in processor systems ...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： M.D. Galanis G. Dimitroulakos C.E. Goutis VLSI Design Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Patras Rio Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

A design flow for processor platforms with on-chip coarse-grain reconfigurable logic is presented. The reconfigurable logic is realized by a 2-dimensional array of processing elements. Performance is improved by accelerating critical software loops, called kernels, on the reconfigurable array. Basic steps of the design flow have been automated. A procedure for detecting critical loops in the input C code was developed, while a mapping technique for coarse grain reconfigurable arrays, based on software pipelining, was also devised. Analytical results derived from mapping five real-life DSP applications on eight different instances of a generic system architecture are presented. Large values of instructions per cycle were achieved on two reconfigurable arrays that resulted in high-performance kernel mapping. Additionally, by mapping critical code on the reconfigurable logic, speedups ranging from 1.27 to 3.18 relative to an all-processor execution were achieved

关键词： Design optimization System-on-a-chip Reconfigurable logic Kernel Process design Logic arrays Acceleration software performance Pipeline processing Digital signal processing

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Efficient client-to-server assignments for distributed virtual environments 06

Efficient client-to-server assignments for distributed virtu...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Duong Nguyen Binh Ta Suiping Zhou School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

distributed virtual environments (DVEs) are distributed systems that allow multiple geographically distributed clients (users) to interact simultaneously in a computer-generated, shared virtual world. Applications of DVEs can be seen in many areas nowadays, such as online games, military simulations, collaborative designs, etc. To support large-scale DVEs with real-time interactions among thousands or more distributed clients, a geographically distributed server architecture (GDSA) is generally needed, and the virtual world can be partitioned into many distinct zones to distribute the load among the servers. Due to the geographic distributions of clients and servers in such architectures, it is essential to efficiently assign the participating clients to servers to enhance users' experience in interacting within the DVE. This problem is termed the client assignment problem. In this paper, we propose a two-phase approach, consisting of an initial assignment phase and a refined assignment phase to address this problem. Both phases are shown to be NP-hard, and several heuristic assignment algorithms are then devised based on this two-phase approach. Via extensive simulation studies with realistic settings, we evaluate these algorithms in terms of their performances in enhancing interactivity of the DVE

关键词： Virtual environment Military computing distributed computing Application software Computational modeling Online Communities/Technical Collaboration Large-scale systems Computer architecture Heuristic algorithms Performance evaluation

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Workflow fine-grained concurrency with automatic continuation 06

Workflow fine-grained concurrency with automatic continuatio...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： G. Tretola E. Zimeo Department of Engineering University of Sannio Benevento Italy Research Centre on Software Technology University of Sannio Benevento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

Workflow enactment systems are becoming an effective solution to ease programming, deployment and execution of distributed applications in several domains such as telecommunication, manufacturing, e-business, e-government and grid computing. In some of these fields, efficiency and traffic optimization represent key aspects for a wide diffusion of workflow engines and modeling tools. This paper focuses on a technique that enables fine-grained concurrency in compute and data-intensive workflows and reduces the traffic on the network by limiting the number of interactions to the ones strictly needed to bring the data where they are really necessary for continuing the flow of computations. We implemented this technique by using the concepts of wait by necessity and automatic continuation and we integrated it in a flexible, Java workflow engine that through the new mechanisms is able to navigate a workflow anticipating the enactment of sequential activities

关键词： Concurrent computing Telecommunication traffic Traffic control Engines Computer networks Data flow computing Manufacturing Electronic government Grid computing Telecommunication computing

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Open Wireless software Radio on Common PC

Open Wireless Software Radio on Common PC

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IEEE international symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

作者： Kan Zheng Jianfeng Wang Lin Huang Guillaume Decarreau Research and Development Center France Telecom Research and Development Center (Beijing) Beijing China School of Telecommunication engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications China

software radio is the promising technology that allows the different wireless standards easily be converged. Using general purpose processors and open-source operating systems instead of dedicated hardware and software to build the wireless communication system is very flexible and low-cost. In this article,the open-source platform based on common PCs is described, which allows rapid development and verification of software radio systems. We also discuss the efficient distributed strategies essential for this platform. Finally, the demonstration system of TD-SCDMA is developed and the conclusion given

关键词： software radio Personal communication networks Open source software Digital signal processing parallel processing Radio frequency Wireless communication software standards Operating systems Hardware

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Helper thread prefetching for loosely-coupled multiprocessor systems 06

Helper thread prefetching for loosely-coupled multiprocessor...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： Changhee Jung Daeseob Lim Jaejin Lee Y. Solihin Embedded Software Research Division Electronics and Telecommnications Research Institute Daejeon South Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla CA USA School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Technology Seoul South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

This paper presents a helper thread prefetching scheme that is designed to work on loosely-coupled processors, such as in a standard chip multiprocessor (CMP) system or an intelligent memory system. Loosely-coupled processors have an advantage in that fine-grain resources, such as processor and L1 cache resources, are not contended by the application and helper threads, hence preserving the speed of the application. However, inter-processor communication is expensive in such a system. We present techniques to alleviate this. Our approach exploits large loop-based code regions and is based on a new synchronization mechanism between the application and helper threads. This mechanism precisely controls how far ahead the execution of the helper thread can be with respect to the application thread. We found that this is important in ensuring prefetching timeliness and avoiding cache pollution. To demonstrate that prefetching in a loosely-coupled system can be done effectively, we evaluate our prefetching in a standard, unmodified CMP system, and in an intelligent memory system where a simple processor in memory executes the helper thread. Evaluating our scheme with nine memory-intensive applications with the memory processor in DRAM achieves an average speedup of 1.25. Moreover, our scheme works well in combination with a conventional processor-side sequential L1 prefetcher, resulting in an average speedup of 1.31. In a standard CMP, the scheme achieves an average speedup of 1.33.

关键词： Yarn Prefetching Multiprocessing systems Intelligent systems Computer science Design engineering Delay Hardware Embedded software Drives

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On improving performance and energy profiles of sparse scientific applications 06

On improving performance and energy profiles of sparse scien...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： K. Malkowski Ingyu Lee P. Raghavan M.J. Irwin Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

In many scientific applications, the majority of the execution time is spent within a few basic sparse kernels such as sparse matrix vector multiplication (SMV). Such sparse kernels can utilize only a fraction of the available processing speed because of their relatively large number of data accesses per floating point operation, and limited data locality and data re-use. Algorithmic changes and tuning of codes through blocking and loop unrolling schemes can improve performance but such tuned versions are typically not available in benchmark suites such as the SPEC CFP 2000. In this paper, we consider sparse SMV kernels with different levels of tuning that are representative of this application space. We emulate certain memory subsystem optimizations using SimpleScalar and Wattch to evaluate improvements in performance and energy metrics. We also characterize how such an evaluation can be affected by the interplay between code tuning and memory subsystem optimizations. Our results indicate that the optimizations reduce execution time by over 40%, and the energy by over 85%, when used with power control modes of CPUs and caches. Furthermore, the relative impact of the same set of memory subsystem optimizations can vary significantly depending on the level of code tuning. Consequently, it may be appropriate to augment traditional benchmarks by tuned kernels typical of high performance sparse scientific codes to enable comprehensive evaluations of future systems.

关键词： Kernel Sparse matrices Application software Computer architecture Computational modeling Power control Scientific computing Microprocessors Computer science Power engineering and energy

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On-the-fly kernel updates for high-performance computing clusters 06

On-the-fly kernel updates for high-performance computing clu...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： K. Makris Kyung Dong Ryu Department of Computer Science and Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

High-performance computing clusters running long-lived tasks currently cannot have kernel software updates applied to them without causing system downtime. These clusters miss opportunities for increased performance via specialized kernel support, cannot benefit from new kernel features, and continue to operate with kernel security holes unpatched, at least until the next scheduled maintenance date. We developed a system enabling dynamic kernel updates in parallel computing clusters to address these problems. Our system, DynAMOS, is founded on execution flow high-jacking through function cloning. It enables commodity operating systems popularly used in clusters gain adaptive and mutative capabilities. To demonstrate the efficacy of our system, we illustrate our experience in dynamically updating and extending a Linux cluster. We introduce adaptive memory paging for efficient gang-scheduling; extend the kernel's process scheduler to support unobtrusive fine-grain cycle stealing, apply public security fixes, and inject performance monitoring functionality to a selection of kernel functions. Our benchmarks show that the overhead imposed by DynAMOS is mostly in the range of 1-8% for common Linux kernel functions

关键词： Kernel Operating systems Magnetohydrodynamic power generation Linux Security parallel processing Processor scheduling Cloning Instruments Application software

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Advances in applying genetic programming to machine learning, focussing on classification problems 06

Advances in applying genetic programming to machine learning...

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international symposium on parallel and distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： S.M. Winkler M. Affenzeller S. Wagner Department of Software Engineering College of Information Technology Hagenberg Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences Hagenberg Austria Institute for Design and Control of Mechatronical Systems Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

A genetic programming based approach for solving classification problems is presented in this paper. Classification is understood as the act of placing an object into a set of categories, based on the object's properties; classification algorithms are designed to learn a function which maps a vector of object features into one of several classes. This is done by analyzing a set of input-output examples ("training samples") of the function. Here we present a method based on the theory of genetic algorithms and genetic programming that interprets classification problems as optimization problems: Each presented instance of the classification problem is interpreted as an instance of an optimization problem, and a solution is found by a heuristic optimization algorithm. The major new aspects presented in this paper are suitable genetic operators for this problem class (mainly the creation of new hypotheses by merging already existing ones and their detailed evaluation) we have designed and implemented. The experimental part of the paper documents the results produced using new hybrid variants of genetic algorithms as well as investigated parameter settings

关键词： Genetic programming Algorithm design and analysis Classification algorithms Data mining Learning Optimization methods Genetic algorithms Educational institutions Information technology software engineering

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