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11th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Botsch, M Kobbelt, L Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Comp Graph Grp D-5100 Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769520286

In the last years point-based rendering has been shown to offer the potential to outperform traditional triangle based rendering both in speed and visual quality when it comes to processing highly complex models. Existing surface splatting techniques achieve superior visual quality by proper filtering but they are still limited in rendering speed. Oil the other hand the increasing availability and programmability of graphics hardware lead to the developement of very efficient hardware-accelerated rendering methods. However, since no filtered splats are used, these approaches trade visual quality for rendering speed. In this paper we propose a rendering framework for point-based geometry providing high visual quality as well as efficient rendering. Our approach is based on a two pass splatting technique with Gaussian filtering, resulting in a visual quality comparable to existing software rendering systems. Using programmable graphics hardware we delegate all expensive rendering tasks to the GPU, thereby minimizing data transfer and saving CPU resources. The proposed system renders lip to 28M mid-quality or up to 10M high-quality. surface splats per second on the latest graphics hardware.

关键词： Bioreactors Central Processing Unit computer graphics Filtering Filters Geometry Hardware Pipelines Rendering (computer graphics) Software quality

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Variance Analysis of Multi-sample and One-sample Multiple Importance Sampling

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computer graphics FORUM 2016年第7期35卷 451-460页

作者： Sbert, M. Havran, V. Szirmay-Kalos, L. Tianjin Univ Tianjin Peoples R China Univ Girona Girona Spain Czech Tech Univ Fac Elect Engn Prague Czech Republic Budapest Univ Technol & Econ Budapest Hungary

We reexamine in this paper the variance for the Multiple Importance Sampling (MIS) estimator for multi-sample and one-sample model. As a result of our analysis we can obtain the optimal estimator for the multi-sample model for the case where the weights do not depend on the count of samples. We extend the analysis to include the cost of sampling. With these results in hand we find a better estimator than balance heuristic with equal count of samples. Further, we show that the variance for the one-sample model is larger or equal than for the multi-sample model, and that there are only two cases where the variance is the same. Finally, we study on four examples the difference of variances for equal count as used by Veach, our new estimator, and a recently introduced heuristic.

关键词： Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS) G.3 [computer graphics]: Mathematics of Computing / PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS&mdash Probabilistic algorithms

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Facial Feature Exaggeration According to Social Psychology of Face Perception

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computer graphics FORUM 2016年第7期35卷 391-399页

作者： Tian, Lihui Xiao, Shuangjiu Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China

We propose a personality trait exaggeration system emphasizing the impression of human face in images, based on multi-level features learning and exaggeration. These features are called Personality Trait Model(PTM). Abstract level of PTM is social psychology trait of face perception such as amiable, mean, cute and so on. Concrete level of PTM is shape feature and texture feature. A training phase is presented to learn multi-level features of faces from different images. Statistical survey is taken to label sample images with people's first impressions. From images with the same labels, we capture not only shape features but also texture features to enhance exaggeration effect. Texture feature is expressed by matrix to reflect depth of facial organs, wrinkles and so on. In application phase, original images will be exaggerated using PTM iteratively. And exaggeration rate for each iteration is constrained to keep likeness with the original face. Experimental results demonstrate that our system can emphasize chosen social psychology traits effectively.

关键词： Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS) I.3.3 [computer graphics]: Picture/Image Generation&mdash

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Context Aware Terrain Visualization for Wayfinding and Navigation

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computer graphics FORUM 2008年第7期27卷 1853-1860页

作者： Moeser, Sebastian Degener, Patrick Wahl, Roland Klein, Reinhard

To assist wayfinding and navigation, the display of maps and driving directions on mobile devices is nowadays commonplace. While existing system can naturally exploit GPS information to facilitate orientation, the inherently limited screen space is often perceived as a drawback compared to traditional street maps as it constrains the perception of contextual information. Moreover, occlusion issues add to this problem if the environment is shown from the popular egocentric perspective. In this paper we describe an interactive visualization system that addresses these problems by reallocating the available screen space. At the heart of our system are three novel visualization techniques: First, we propose a non-standard perspective that allows to blend between the familiar pedestrian perspective and a standard map depiction with reduced occlusion. Second, we derive an efficient deformation technique that allows an interactive allocation of screen space to areas of interest like e. g. nearby touristic attractions. Finally, a path adaptive isometric perspective is proposed that reveals otherwise hidden facades in top-down views. We describe efficient implementations of all techniques and exemplify our interactive system on real world urban models.

关键词： I.3.6 [computer graphics]: Methodology and Techniques - Interaction techniques

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Translucent Image Recoloring through Homography Estimation

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computer graphics FORUM 2018年第7期37卷 421-432页

作者： Huang, Yifei Wang, Changbo Li, Chenhui East China Normal Univ Sch Comp Sci & Software Engn Shanghai Peoples R China

Image color editing techniques are of great significance for users who wish to adjust the image color. However, previous works paid less attention to the translucent images. In this paper, we propose a new method to recolor the translucent images while preserving detailed information and color relationships of the source image. We consider the recolor problem as a location transformation problem and solve it in two steps: automatic palette extraction and homography estimation. First, we propose the Hmeans method to extract the dominant colors of the source image based on histogram statistics and clustering. Then, we propose homography estimation to map the source colors to desired colors in the CIE-LAB color space. Further, we adopt a non-linear optimization approach to improve the result generated by the last step. The proposed method maintains high fidelity of the source image. Experiments have shown that our method generates a state-of-the-art visual result, in particular in the shadow areas. The source images with ground truth generated by a ray tracer further verify the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： CCS Concepts • computer graphics → Image Editing

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Iso-splatting: A point-based alternative to isosurface visualization 11

Iso-splatting: A point-based alternative to isosurface visua...

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11th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Co, CS Hamann, B Joy, KI Univ Calif Davis Dept Comp Sci CIPIC Davis CA 95616 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769520286

We present a new approach to isosurface visualization that we call "iso-splatting." We use point primitives for representing and rendering isosurfaces. The method consists of two steps. In the first step, point samples are generated throughout the volumetric domain of a scalar function. In the second step, these points are projected onto the isosurface of interest. We render the resulting point set using a surface splatting algorithm. The method can be extended to out-of-core or parallel environments. Our results show that this method can offer much greater time and space efficiency when compared with standard triangle-based methods, thereby supporting higher levels of interactivity. Parts of the algorithm can be accelerated using graphics hardware. One key advantage of this approach is that, since extraction computations are divided into two smaller phases, work can be distributed to exploit all available resources.

关键词： Acceleration Computational geometry computer science Fuels graphics Hardware Image processing Isosurfaces Rendering (computer graphics) Visualization

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Statistical hypothesis testing for assessing Monte Carlo estimators: applications to image synthesis

Statistical hypothesis testing for assessing Monte Carlo est...

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15th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications (pacific graphics 2007)

作者： Subr, Kartic Arvo, James Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92717 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780769530093

Image synthesis algorithms are commonly compared on the basis of running times and/or perceived quality of the generated images. In the case of Monte Carlo techniques, assessment often entails a qualitative impression of convergence toward a reference standard and severity of visible noise;these amount to subjective assessments of the mean and variance of the estimators, respectively. In this paper we argue that such assessments should be augmented by well-known statistical hypothesis testing methods. In particular we show how to perform a number of such tests to assess random variables that commonly arise in image synthesis such as those estimating irradiance, radiance, pixel color, etc. We explored five broad categories of tests: 1) determining whether the mean is equal to a reference standard, such as an analytical value, 2) determining that the variance is bounded by a given constant, 3) comparing the means of two different random variables, 4) comparing the variances of two different random variables, and 5) verifying that two random variables stem from the same parent distribution. The level of significance of these tests can be controlled by a parameter We demonstrate that these tests can be used for objective evaluation of Monte Carlo estimators to support claims of zero or small bias and to provide quantitative assessments of variance reduction techniques. We also show how these tests can be used to detect errors it? sampling or in computing the density of an importance function in MC integrations.

关键词： Random variables

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Scale-aware Structure-Preserving Texture Filtering

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computer graphics FORUM 2016年第7期35卷 77-86页

作者： Jeon, Junho Lee, Hyunjoon Kang, Henry Lee, Seungyong POSTECH Dept Comp Sci & Engn Pohang South Korea Univ Missouri Dept Math & Comp Sci St Louis MO 63121 USA

This paper presents a novel method to enhance the performance of structure-preserving image and texture filtering. With conventional edge-aware filters, it is often challenging to handle images of high complexity where features of multiple scales coexist. In particular, it is not always easy to find the right balance between removing unimportant details and protecting important features when they come in multiple sizes, shapes, and contrasts. Unlike previous approaches, we address this issue from the perspective of adaptive kernel scales. Relying on patch-based statistics, our method identifies texture from structure and also finds an optimal per-pixel smoothing scale. We show that the proposed mechanism helps achieve enhanced image/ texture filtering performance in terms of protecting the prominent geometric structures in the image, such as edges and corners, and keeping them sharp even after significant smoothing of the original signal.

关键词： Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS) I.4.3 [Image Processing and computer Vision]: Enhancement&mdash Smoothing

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Low cost immersive displays the cubicle of the future 8

Low cost immersive displays the cubicle of the future

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8th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Green, M Univ Alberta Dept Comp Sci Edmonton AB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0769508685

A number of immersive display technologies have been developed over the past decade. While many of these display technologies have proved to be effective, they are still far too expensive for common use. This paper presents a low cost immersive display device called Vision Space. This device can be viewed as a personal immersive workspace that takes the form of an office cubicle.

关键词： Application software computer displays Consumer products Costs Hardware Image generation Production Space exploration Space technology Three dimensional displays

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OPENNPAR: A system for developing, programming, and designing non-photorealistic animation and rendering 11

OPENNPAR: A system for developing, programming, and designin...

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11th pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Halper, N Isenberg, T Ritter, F Freudenberg, B Meruvia, O Schlechtweg, S Strothotte, T Univ Magdeburg Dept Simulat & Graph Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769520286

The notable amount and variation of current techniques in non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) indicates a level of maturity whereby the categorization of algorithms has become possible. We present a conceptual model for NPR, on which we base a modular system, OPENNPAR, which integrates NPR algorithms into distinct classes. Components in OPENNPAR are modularized and consequently reintegrated for various rendering purposes, allowing many kinds of NPR algorithms to be reproduced, including the integration of 2D and 3D methods. Additionally, the system provides support for a range of users (developers, programmers, designers) according to their respective levels of abstraction, thus being available in multiple contexts. Ultimately, OPENNPAR holds great potential as a tool in the development, augmentation, and creation of NPR effects.

关键词： Animation Application software Context Data conversion graphics Pipelines Programming profession Rendering (computer graphics) Software algorithms Visual communication

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