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Computing distances between surfaces using line geometry

Computing distances between surfaces using line geometry

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Kyung-Ah Sohn B. Juttler Myung-Soo Kim Wenping Wang School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University South Korea Institute of Analysis Department of Applied Geometry Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Department of Computer Science and Information Systems University of Hong Kong China

ISBN: (纸本)0769517846

We present an algorithm for computing the distance between two free-form surfaces. Using line geometry, the distance computation is reformulated as a simple instance of a surface-surface intersection problem, which leads to low-dimensional root finding in a system of equations. This approach produces an efficient algorithm for computing the distance between two ellipsoids, where the problem is reduced to finding a specific solution in a system of two equations in two variables. Similar algorithms can be designed for computing the distance between an ellipsoid and a simple surface (such as cylinder cone, or torus). In an experimental implementation (on a 500 MHz Windows PC), the distance between two ellipsoids was computed in less than 0.3 msec on average; and the distance between an ellipsoid and a simple convex surface was computed in less than 0.15 msec on average.

关键词： Computational geometry Equations Ellipsoids Biology computing Irrigation Testing Chromium computer science Engine cylinders Application software

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A physics-based framework for subdivision surface design with automatic rules control

A physics-based framework for subdivision surface design wit...

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Hui Xie Hong Qin Department of Computer Science State University of New York Stony Brook Stony Brook NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769517846

The recent non-uniform subdivision approach extends traditional uniform subdivision schemes with variable rules, offering additional shape parameters (such as knot spacings) for feature control. Despite its flexibility, shape modification based on non-uniform subdivision usually requires designers to interactively adjust a large number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) to achieve the desired shapes, which can often be laborious. This paper extends the principle of variational subdivision and integrates the non-uniform subdivision schemes with powerful physics-based shape sculpting techniques, providing a universal method for arbitrary subdivision schemes with adjustable rules. The subdivision control points and knot spacings evolve in response to the shape deformation resulting from the numerical integration of Lagrangian dynamics equation or the optimization of shape energy functional. Thus, our system allows users to manipulate the desired shape in a direct and intuitive fashion. In addition, we propose a novel and efficient discrete functional evaluation method for polygonal meshes or point clouds of arbitrary topology based on implicit functions, in which no parameterization is needed. Finally, we develop a simple prototype sculpting system demonstrating many advantages of our novel physics-based, non-uniform subdivision modeling system.

关键词： Automatic control Shape control Aerodynamics Topology Animation computer science Equations Clouds computer graphics Design automation

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Roadmap-based flocking for complex environments

Roadmap-based flocking for complex environments

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： O. Burchan Bayazit Jyh-Ming Lien N.M. Amato Texas A and M University USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769517846

Flocking behavior is very common in nature, and there have been ongoing research efforts to simulate such behavior in computer animations and robotics applications. Generally, such work considers behaviors that can be determined independently by each flock member solely by observing its local environment, e.g., the speed and direction of its neighboring flock members. Since flock members are not assumed to have global information about the environment, only very simple navigation and planning techniques have been considered for such flocks. In this paper, we investigate how the addition of global information in the form of a roadmap of the environment enables more sophisticated flocking behaviors. In particular, we study and propose new techniques for three distinct group behaviors: homing, exploring and shepherding. These behaviors exploit global knowledge of the environment and utilize knowledge gathered by all flock members. This knowledge is communicated by allowing individual flock members to dynamically update the shared roadmap to reflect (un)desirable routes or regions. We present experimental results showing how the judicious use of simple roadmaps of the environment enables more complex behaviors to be obtained at minimal cost.

关键词： Navigation Path planning Computational modeling computer simulation Animation Application software Birds Marine animals Costs Educational institutions

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Lighting interpolation by shadow morphing using intrinsic lumigraphs

Lighting interpolation by shadow morphing using intrinsic lu...

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Y. Matsushita Sing Bing Kang S. Lin Heung-Yeung Shum Xin Tong Institute of Industrial Science University of Tokyo Meguro Tokyo Japan Microsoft Research Limited Redmond WA USA Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China

Densely-sampled image representations such as the light field or lumigraph have been effective in enabling photorealistic image synthesis. Unfortunately, lighting interpolation with such representations has not been shown to be possible without the use of accurate 3D geometry and surface reflectance properties. In this paper we propose an approach to image-based lighting interpolation that is based on estimates of geometry and shading from relatively few images. We decompose captured light fields at different lighting conditions into intrinsic images (reflectance and illumination images), and estimate view-dependent scene geometries using multi-view stereo. We call the resulting representation an intrinsic lumigraph. In the same way that the lumigraph uses geometry to permit more accurate view interpolation, the intrinsic lumigraph uses both geometry and intrinsic images to allow high-quality interpolation at different views and lighting conditions. Joint use of geometry and intrinsic images is effective in the computation of shadow masks for shadow prediction at new lighting conditions. We illustrate our approach with images of real scenes.

关键词： Interpolation Layout Geometry Rendering (computer graphics) Asia Lighting Cameras Solid modeling Shape Image representation

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A signal processing approach to feature edge extraction in mesh surfaces

A signal processing approach to feature edge extraction in m...

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conference on Vision Geometry XI

作者： Jang, HN Agam, G IIT Dept Comp Sci Chicago IL 60616 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445614

Mesh surfaces are an important form of 3D object representation which has become increasingly significant in recent years due to evolving 3D acquisition techniques, computing power, and commercial needs. Feature edge extraction in polygonal meshes has numerous applications ranging from scene segmentation and object recognition to mesh compression. The method proposed in this paper for feature edge extraction in polygonal mesh surfaces follows the signal processing approach to edge detection in images at multiple scales and in the presence of noise. Namely, multiple smoothing iterations in the spatial domain are used to produce several versions of the original mesh at different scales, whereas the same topology is maintained throughout the scales. Edges are extracted at each scale by applying a differential operator to an underlying locally smooth surface represented by the mesh at that scale so as to evaluate the curvature at each vertex of the mesh. The proposed approach is based on the identification of multiple local support planes that facilitate the representation of an arbitrary mesh surface by a set of overlapping Monge patches. Such a representation enables the application of curvature estimation techniques commonly employed for range image analysis, and provides an alternative to Laplacian smoothing by local quadratic surface fitting. The proposed approach is suitable for irregular and non-dense meshes.

关键词： mesh surfaces mesh smoothing curvature estimation feature edge detection computer vision computer graphics

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Estimation of multiple directional light sources for synthesis of mixed reality images

Estimation of multiple directional light sources for synthes...

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： Yang Wang D. Samaras Computer Science Department State University of New York Stony Brook NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769517846

We present a new method for the detection and estimation of multiple directional illuminants, using a single image of any object with known geometry and Lambertian reflectance. We use the resulting highly accurate estimates to modify virtually the illumination and geometry of a real scene and produce correctly illuminated mixed reality images. Our method obviates the need to modify the imaged scene by inserting calibration objects of any particular geometry, relying instead on partial knowledge of the geometry of the scene. Thus, the recovered multiple illuminants can be used both for image-based rendering and for shape reconstruction. Our method combines information both from the shading of the object and from shadows cast on the scene by the object. Initially we use a method based on shadows and a method based on shading independently. The shadow based method utilizes brightness variation inside the shadows cast by the object, whereas the shading based method utilizes brightness variation on the directly illuminated portions of the object. We demonstrate how the two sources of information complement each other in a number of occasions. We then describe an approach that integrates the two methods, with results superior to those obtained if the two methods are used separately. The resulting illumination information can be used (i) to render synthetic objects in a real photograph with correct illumination effects, and (ii) to virtually re-light the scene.

关键词： Light sources Virtual reality Layout Geometry Lighting Brightness Object detection Reflectivity Calibration Rendering (computer graphics)

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3D video recorder

3D video recorder

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： S. Wurmlin E. Lamboray O.G. Staadt M.H. Gross Computer Science Department Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Switzerland Computer Science Department University of California Davis Davis CA USA

We present the 3D video recorder, a system capable of recording, processing, and playing three-dimensional video from multiple points of view. We first record 2D video streams from several synchronized digital video cameras and store pre-processed images to disk. An off-line processing stage converts these images into a time-varying three-dimensional hierarchical point-based data structure and stores this 3D video to disk. We show how we can trade-off 3D video quality with processing performance and devise efficient compression and coding schemes for our novel 3D video representation. A typical sequence is encoded at less than 7 megabits per second at a frame rate of 8.5 frames per second. The 3D video player decodes and renders 3D videos from hard-disk in real-time, providing interaction features known from common video cassette recorders, like variable-speed forward and reverse, and slow motion. 3D video playback can be enhanced with novel 3D video effects such as freeze-and-rotate and arbitrary scaling. The player builds upon point-based rendering techniques and is thus capable of rendering high-quality images in real-time. Finally, we demonstrate the 3D video recorder on multiple real-life video sequences.

关键词： Video compression Rendering (computer graphics) Disk recording Video recording Streaming media Digital cameras Image converters Data structures Image coding Decoding

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A guided interaction approach for architectural design in a table-type VR environment 3rd

A guided interaction approach for architectural design in a ...

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3rd IEEE pacific Rim conference on Multimedia, PCM 2002

作者： Kim, Myoung-Hee Choi, Soo-Mi Rhee, Seon-Min Kwon, Doo-Young Kim, Hyo-Sun Ewha Womans Univ Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering 11-1 Daehyun-dong Seodaemun-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Ewha Womans Univ Center for Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality 11-1 Daehyundong Seodaemun-gu Seoul Korea Republic of Sejong Univ Dept. of Software Engineering 98 Gunja-dong Gwangjin-gu Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)3540002626

In this paper, we present a guided interaction approach for architectural design in a table-type VR environment (virtual table). By making it easier to communicate between two or more people in a virtual space, the virtual table is effectively used in architectural visualization, medical visualization, and scientific visualization. However, most applications provide simple functions with easy handling or focus on visualization because accurate interaction on the virtual table is not easy. We developed a table-type VR tool for architectural design using guided 3-D interaction techniques. It consists of the interactive VR modeler, the architectural interpreter and the hybrid tracker. We also introduce architectural design process from the very initial stage to the final one by using our tool. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Architectural design

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Hierarchical representation of time-varying volume data with /sup 4//spl radic/2 subdivision and quadrilinear B-spline wavelets

Hierarchical representation of time-varying volume data with...

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pacific conference on computer graphics and applications

作者： L. Linsen V. Pascucci M.A. Duchaineau B. Hamann K.I. Joy Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing (CIPIC) University of California Davis USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing (CASC) Data Science Group Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory USA Center for Applied Scientific Computing (CASC) Data Science Group Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing (CIPIC) University of California Davis

Multiresolution methods for representing data at multiple levels of detail are widely used for large-scale two- and three-dimensional data sets. We present a four-dimensional multiresolution approach for time-varying volume data. This approach supports a hierarchy with spatial and temporal scalability. The hierarchical data organization is based on /sup 4//spl radic/2 subdivision. The /sup n//spl radic/2-subdivision scheme only doubles the overall number of grid points in each subdivision step. This fact leads to fine granularity and high adaptivity, which is especially desirable in the spatial dimensions. For high-quality data approximation on each level of detail, we use quadrilinear B-spline wavelets. We present a linear B-spline wavelet lifting scheme based on /sup n//spl radic/2 subdivision to obtain narrow masks for the update rules. Narrow masks provide a basis for out-of-core data exploration techniques and view-dependent visualization of sequences of time steps.

关键词： Spline Large-scale systems Spatial resolution Data visualization Image processing Scientific computing computer science Laboratories Image resolution Large scale integration

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An architectural extension to the media core processor for HDTV applications

An architectural extension to the media core processor for H...

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IEEE Asia-pacific conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： K. Yoshioka H. Oka H. Nishida R. Matsuura T. Kiyohara Matsushita Elecrric Indusrrial Company Limited Kadoma Osaka Japan

Introduces an architectural extension to the media core processor (MCP), which targets a system solution for consumer multimedia products. This extension implements HDTV video decoding (1080i, 720p, 480p and 480i), video resizing, 2-D graphics rendering, and conversion between various video formats for data broadcasting. For pixel-level operations in HDTV applications, a SIMD-style processor has been introduced. However, image resizing causes a difference in data structure between source and result dynamically. Therefore, an advanced inter-PE (processing element) communication mechanism is necessary as an extension to the common SIMD-style architecture. This processor achieves the flexibility of pixel-level operation and the efficiency of high bandwidth. Adopting this new MCP architecture enabled us to improve image quality to fulfill the requirements for consumer products.

关键词： HDTV Videos Decoding graphics Rendering (computer graphics) Image converters Multimedia communication Data structures Bandwidth Image quality

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