Use Cases and Scenarios are sometimes considered as analogous. In this paper, we take the position that use cases and scenarios are different but play complementary roles in requirements engineering. A use case is a c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769524656
Use Cases and Scenarios are sometimes considered as analogous. In this paper, we take the position that use cases and scenarios are different but play complementary roles in requirements engineering. A use case is a collection of scenarios. Use cases are appropriate as specification of a system required behavior in interaction with its actors. A scenario is an example of execution involving a system and its actors. A scenario may be defined with the intention that it should be supported or the intention that it should be avoided. Scenarios can thus be used to validate functional as well as non-functional requirements specification. We present an integration of scenarios to a use case based requirements engineering approach and discuss the merits of such integration.
softwareengineering for autonomous robot (SE4AR) is an emerging interdisciplinary field with the aims to support the development, running and evolution of software systems for autonomous robot - a safety and mission ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728195537
softwareengineering for autonomous robot (SE4AR) is an emerging interdisciplinary field with the aims to support the development, running and evolution of software systems for autonomous robot - a safety and mission critical cyber-physical system. Such field has recently gained increasing attentions from both academia and industry and made rapid progresses in the past years. However, many challenges pose on the SE4AR due to the specific features and complexities of autonomous robot software (ARS) and several open problems should be tackled in the future researches. This paper aims to present a comprehensive investigation on the researches and practices of SE4AR. Our contributions are three-fold as follows: an in-depth analysis on the development challenges, a systematic review on the current progresses, and an open discussion of weaknesses in current researches and opportunities in future researches.
It has been recognised that formal methods are useful as a modelling tool in requirements engineering. Specification languages such as Z permit the precise and unambiguous modelling of system properties and behaviour ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769509169
It has been recognised that formal methods are useful as a modelling tool in requirements engineering. Specification languages such as Z permit the precise and unambiguous modelling of system properties and behaviour However some system problems, particularly those drawn from the IS problem domain, may be difficult to model in crisp or precise terms. It may also be desirable that formal modelling should commence as early as possible, even when our understanding of parts of the problem domain is only approximate. This paper identifies the problem types of interest and argues that they are characterised by uncertainty and imprecision. It suggests fuzzy set theory as a useful formalism for modelling aspects of this imprecision. The paper illustrates how a fuzzy logic tooklit for Z can be applied to such problem domains. Several examples are presented illustrating the representation of imprecise concepts as fuzzy sets and relations, soft pre- conditions and system requirements as a series of linguistically quantified propositions.
To avoid software development project failure, accurate estimation of software development effort is necessary at the beginning of a software project. This paper proposes to adjust the kurtosis and the skewness of pro...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728119700
To avoid software development project failure, accurate estimation of software development effort is necessary at the beginning of a software project. This paper proposes to adjust the kurtosis and the skewness of project feature variables for better fitting of software estimation models. The proposed method conducts logarithmic transformation of variables, then conducts the kurtosis and skewness transformation to make the variable distribution closer to the normal distribution. To empirically evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, we employed three industry data sets and linear regression models with threefold cross validation. The result of the evaluation showed that the models with the proposed method were better in both the goodness of fit and the estimation accuracy in terms of MMRE compared to log-log regression.
This paper introduces an approach for translating Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) scenarios written under a domain-specific language (DSL) into Timed Automata (TA) to allow for formal verification of real-time syst...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350344172
This paper introduces an approach for translating Behaviour-Driven Development (BDD) scenarios written under a domain-specific language (DSL) into Timed Automata (TA) to allow for formal verification of real-time systems. A set of mapping rules is presented to facilitate the translation. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach through an illustrative example of a vending machine that operates under a particular set of time constraints. Our proof-of-concept indicates that this approach is an important step towards ensuring compatibility between highlevel software specifications (BDD scenarios) and formal models (TA models). We also discuss the current limitations of such work along with recommendations on how these might be addressed.
The new emerging field of Method engineering discipline acknowledges the need for a rapid construction of methods. In this paper, we propose an approach aiming to fulfil this objective. The approach is based on the as...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081868271X
The new emerging field of Method engineering discipline acknowledges the need for a rapid construction of methods. In this paper, we propose an approach aiming to fulfil this objective. The approach is based on the assumption that there exists generic method construction knowledge which can be formalised into method construction patterns for further reuse. Under our approach, the construction of a method consists of applying the generic method construction patterns to its product model in order to generate the process model. The paper proposes a set of patterns To cover the various aspects of system engineering, details and exemplifies some of them, and finally validates the patterns against existing methods.
Information technology is introduced to agriculture in order to improve all the cultivating process and the quality of the products. In this article, we propose a method to organize the cultivated knowledge with a foc...
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As a result of globalization, mergers, acquisitions, and scarce skills, software development is increasingly, more distributed. Distribution, however introduces major communication barriers, including time zone differ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769514081
As a result of globalization, mergers, acquisitions, and scarce skills, software development is increasingly, more distributed. Distribution, however introduces major communication barriers, including time zone differences, cultural differences, and most project participants have not met face to face. In this paper we focus on "knowledge scouts," developers that travel briefly, to other sites and report back to their home base what they, discovered and learned. With a case study we show how knowledge scouts overcome many communication issues. We propose that the research focus should be on the simpler problem of supporting the small mobile group of developers as a means of addressing the inherent communication obstacles in distributed software projects.
For the past 40 years, the techniques processes and methods of software development have been dominated by supply-side issues, giving rise to a software industry oriented towards developers rather than users. To achie...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769509169
For the past 40 years, the techniques processes and methods of software development have been dominated by supply-side issues, giving rise to a software industry oriented towards developers rather than users. To achieve the levels of functionality, flexibility and time to market required by users, a radical shift is required in the development of software, with a more demand-centric view leading to software which will be delivered as a service within the framework of an open marketplace. Already, there are some signs that this approach is being adopted by industry but in a vary limited way We summarise research and a research method which has resulted in a long-term strategic view of softwareengineering innovation. Based on this foundation, we describe more recent work which has resulted in an innovative demand-side model for the future of software. We propose a service architecture in which components may be bound instantly, just at the time they are needed and then the binding may be discarded A major benefit of this approach is that it leads to highly flexible and agile software, that should be able to meet rapidly changing business needs.
software cost estimation is a crucial yet very difficult task for a project manager at the very beginning of a new project. Since software projects are always different in nature, past projects may not necessarily cov...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780769534466
software cost estimation is a crucial yet very difficult task for a project manager at the very beginning of a new project. Since software projects are always different in nature, past projects may not necessarily cover all aspects of a new project when used as a basis for cost estimation. The CoBRA hybrid cost estimation technique uses expert knowledge to build a causal model of context-specfic cost factors and past project data to predict costs in terms of effort as well as to assess the risks of a project. Further practical advantages of CoBRA are its high level of interpretability and its transparency. While our previous studies have shown that it modified CoBRA called Web-CoBRA produces higher prediction accuracy, the method was not fully adopted by our industry partner because of its complex application steps when it is manually performed. In this paper, we report on our experiences with further automating Web-CoBRA based software cost estimation for a software company. It supports group decision-making processes by utilizing a wideband Delphi technique. We identify a range of problems when applying Web-CoBRA in the context of a software company and describe the approaches we used to solve these problems in our new tool called EffortWatch. Furthermore, we report on the evaluation and the effectiveness of EffortWatch using a technology acceptance model (TAM) questionnaire. The result is then compared with a previous study, showing EffortWatch drastically improves the use of the Web-CoBRA technique.
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